D-allothreonine has no growth promoting efficacy for chicks

Effect of Novel Compound LX519290, a Derivative of l-allo Threonine, on Antioxidant Potential in Vitro and in Vivo

We investigated the antioxidative activity of LX519290, a derivative of l-allo threonine, in vitro and in vivo. To evaluate the antioxidative activity of LX519290, we performed several in vitro assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging assays, a ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay) and evaluated inhibition against the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in murine macrophage (RAW264.7) cells. The results showed that LX519290 possessed very strong radical scavenging activity and reducing power, and inhibited NO and ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner without showing any cytotoxicity. LX519290 treatment also increased the total thiol content and glutathione S-transferases (GST) activities in RAW264.7 cells. Finally, we also determined whether LX519290 affects the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in vitro and in vivo. The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were markedly higher in the sample-treated group than in the oxidative stress group. LX519290 treatment also increased the transcriptional and translational activities of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) with corresponding increases in the transcriptional and translational activities of haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Collectively, the data demonstrated that LX519290 has potent antioxidative activity, decreases NO and ROS generation, increases total thiol content and GST activities in RAW264.7 cells, and increases the transcriptional and translational levels of antioxidant enzymes in vitro and in vivo.

Alleviation of asthma-related symptoms by a derivative of L-allo threonine

Chronic asthma is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue remodeling, leading to subepithelial inflammation. In order to evaluate the anti-asthmatic activity of LX519290, a derivative of L-allo threonine, we performed several in vitro and in vivo anti-asthmatic assays. Using ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized C57BL/6 mice, the effects of LX519290 on lung inflammation and cytokine expression in the asthmatic animals were analyzed. Treatment with this compound increased IFN-γ and decreased IL-10 mRNA expression. LX519290 potently decreased, not only immune cell infiltration in the lung, but also IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine levels in the serum of OVA-treated mice. The results demonstrated that LX519290 decreased the pathogenesis of chronic airway injury. Evidence from our model of OVA-induced asthma demonstrated that LX519290 inhibits immune cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and inflammatory cytokine production. Collectively, our findings suggest that LX519290 has the potential to ameliorate asthmatic symptoms by treating inflammatory factors in the lung.

A derivative of L-allo threonine alleviates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis indications

LX519290, a synthetic derivative from a combinatorial chemistry library, has been screened for anti-atopic activity, but its biological activities have not yet been elucidated. To assess whether LX519290 has the potential to lessen 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms in mice, first we sensitized the skin in the dorsal neck of C57BL/6 mice and re-sensitized the ear skin to determine the ear thickness. Then, we tested to determine whether LX519290 affect atopic dermatitis symptoms in vivo. The results indicate that LX519290 significantly mitigated inflammation indications including ear thickness, total T-cell numbers, and eosinophils. Moreover, the treatment drastically inhibited the levels of mediators such as interleukin-17E and histamine by 52% and 37% of control, respectively. Taken together, the data suggest that LX519290 can alleviate atopic parameters in mice.