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Kim KB, Choe H, Sung H. Effects of Individualized Exercise on Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome: A Scoping Review. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:20-26. [PMID: 38185697 PMCID: PMC11000518 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise intervention is effective in alleviating the severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the results of previous studies on the effect of exercise on MetS have demonstrated considerable individual variability in response to a specific dose of exercise, which was attributed to the lack of a personalized approach to exercise prescription. It is essential to consider individual factors to enhance the effectiveness of exercise in addressing MetS. This scoping review assesses the effectiveness of individualized exercise on the risk factors associated with MetS. Various databases and articles were examined based on eligibility criteria and nine studies were chosen for this review. Personal and adjusted factors were predominantly analyzed to tailor exercise prescriptions to individual needs. This review proposes that personal factors can be classified into three categories: fixed factors, adaptation factors, and response factors, considering both clinical and exercise science perspectives. It also suggests that a two-way communication approach between specialists and individuals is more effective for prescribing exercise to address MetS compared to a one-way method. A one-way communication approach relies solely on an expert's decision, even whether or not he or she fully considers a client's lifestyle and preferences. If the individualized selection of exercise prescriptions is achieved through two-way communication between specialists and subjects, significant improvements can be expected in terms of both MetS severity and exercise adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Bae Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Harim Choe
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoyong Sung
- Department of Physical Education, Korea Military Academy, Seoul, Korea
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Main CJ, Ballengee LA, George SZ, Beneciuk JM, Greco CM, Simon CB. Psychologically Informed Practice: The Importance of Communication in Clinical Implementation. Phys Ther 2023; 103:pzad047. [PMID: 37145093 PMCID: PMC10390082 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in the secondary prevention of chronic pain and pain-associated disability over the past 3 decades. In 2011, psychologically informed practice (PiP) was suggested as a framework for managing persistent and recurrent pain, and, since then, it has underpinned the development of stratified care linking risk identification (screening). Although PiP research trials have demonstrated clinical and economic advantage over usual care, pragmatic studies have been less successful, and qualitative studies have identified implementation difficulties in both system delivery and individual clinical management. Effort has been put into the development of screening tools, the development of training, and the assessment of outcomes; however, the nature of the consultation has remained relatively unexplored. In this Perspective, a review of the nature of clinical consultations and the clinician-patient relationship is followed by reflections on the nature of communication and the outcome of training courses. Consideration is given to the optimization of communication, including the use of standardized patient-reported measures and the role of the therapist in facilitating adaptive behavior change. Several challenges in implementing a PiP approach in day-to-day practice are then considered. Following brief consideration of the impact of recent developments in health care, the Perspective concludes with a brief introduction to the PiP Consultation Roadmap (the subject of a companion paper), the use of which is suggested as a way of structuring the consultation with the flexibility required for a patient-centered approach to guided self-management of chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J Main
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Newcastle, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Lindsay A Ballengee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven Z George
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason M Beneciuk
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Brooks Rehabilitation, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Carol M Greco
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corey B Simon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Helms J, Frankart L, Bradner M, Ebersole J, Regan B, Crouch T. Interprofessional Active Learning for Chronic Pain: Transforming Student Learning From Recall to Application. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2023; 10:23821205231221950. [PMID: 38152832 PMCID: PMC10752086 DOI: 10.1177/23821205231221950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain (CP) affects over 50 million Americans daily and represents a unique challenge for healthcare professionals due to its complexity. Across all health professions, only a small percentage of the curriculum is devoted to treating patients with CP. Unfortunately, much of the content is delivered passively via lecture without giving students an opportunity to practice the communication skills to effectively treat patients in the clinic. An interprofessional team of health educators identified 5 essential messages that students frequently struggle to convey to patients with CP. Those messages were based on interprofessional and profession-specific competencies to treat patients with CP from the International Association for the Study of Pain. The 5 messages highlighted the importance of (1) therapeutic alliance, (2) consistent interdisciplinary language, (3) patient prognosis, (4) evidence for pain medicine, surgery, and imaging, and (5) early referral to the interprofessional team. For each message, the team summarized relevant research supporting the importance of each individual message that could serve as a foundation for didactic content. The team then developed active learning educational activities that educators could use to have students practice the skills tied to each message. Each learning activity was designed to be delivered in an interprofessional manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeb Helms
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA
| | - Laura Frankart
- Department of Pharmacotherapy & Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Melissa Bradner
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | | | - Beck Regan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Taylor Crouch
- Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, USA
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