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Abinun M, Slatter MA. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in paediatric rheumatic disease. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2021; 33:387-397. [PMID: 34261117 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A small proportion of children affected by rheumatic diseases suffer from severe, progressive disease, resistant to conventional antirheumatic therapies and to biologic agents interfering with inflammatory cytokines, costimulatory molecules expressed on immune system cells and intracellular signalling pathways. Adding to the poor prognosis is a high risk from significant morbidity and mortality associated with long-term treatment with multiple, often combined anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. Carefully selected patients from this unfortunate group may benefit from treatment with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS The majority of patients with severe paediatric rheumatic and autoinflammatory diseases treated with autologous and/or allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation achieved long-term remission. However, the incidence of disease relapse and transplant related morbidity and mortality is still significant. SUMMARY Careful patient and donor selection, timing of the transplant earlier in the course of disease rather than the 'last resort' and choosing the most suitable conditioning regimen for each individual patient are the major factors favouring successful outcome. Close co-operation between the patients, their family, and involved medical teams is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Abinun
- Department of Paediatric Immunology, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University
| | - Mary A Slatter
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, National Health Service Foundation Trust, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Giancane G, Swart JF, Castagnola E, Groll AH, Horneff G, Huppertz HI, Lovell DJ, Wolfs T, Herlin T, Dolezalova P, Sanner H, Susic G, Sztajnbok F, Maritsi D, Constantin T, Vargova V, Sawhney S, Rygg M, K Oliveira S, Cattalini M, Bovis F, Bagnasco F, Pistorio A, Martini A, Wulffraat N, Ruperto N. Opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analysis by the Pharmachild Safety Adjudication Committee. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:71. [PMID: 32264969 PMCID: PMC7136994 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To derive a list of opportunistic infections (OI) through the analysis of the juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients in the Pharmachild registry by an independent Safety Adjudication Committee (SAC). METHODS The SAC (3 pediatric rheumatologists and 2 pediatric infectious disease specialists) elaborated and approved by consensus a provisional list of OI for use in JIA. Through a 5 step-procedure, all the severe and serious infections, classified as per MedDRA dictionary and retrieved in the Pharmachild registry, were evaluated by the SAC by answering six questions and adjudicated with the agreement of 3/5 specialists. A final evidence-based list of OI resulted by matching the adjudicated infections with the provisional list of OI. RESULTS A total of 772 infectious events in 572 eligible patients, of which 335 serious/severe/very severe non-OI and 437 OI (any intensity/severity), according to the provisional list, were retrieved. Six hundred eighty-two of 772 (88.3%) were adjudicated as infections, of them 603/682 (88.4%) as common and 119/682 (17.4%) as OI by the SAC. Matching these 119 opportunistic events with the provisional list, 106 were confirmed by the SAC as OI, and among them infections by herpes viruses were the most frequent (68%), followed by tuberculosis (27.4%). The remaining events were divided in the groups of non-OI and possible/patient and/or pathogen-related OI. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant number of OI in JIA patients on immunosuppressive therapy. The proposed list of OI, created by consensus and validated in the Pharmachild cohort, could facilitate comparison among future pharmacovigilance studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01399281; ENCePP seal: awarded on 25 November 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Giancane
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, PRINTO, Genoa, Italy
| | - Joost F Swart
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, European Reference Network-RITA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elio Castagnola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andreas H Groll
- Infectious Disease Research Program, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerd Horneff
- Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Department of General Paediatrics, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Department of Paediatric and Adolescents Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans-Iko Huppertz
- Clinic Bremen-Mitte, Prof.-Hesse Children's Hospital and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniel J Lovell
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tom Wolfs
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, European Reference Network-RITA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Troels Herlin
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pavla Dolezalova
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Helga Sanner
- Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Rheumatic Diseases in Children and Adolescents, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gordana Susic
- Institute of Rheumatology of Belgrade, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Flavio Sztajnbok
- Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto, Nucleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Despoina Maritsi
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Tamas Constantin
- Unit of Pediatric Rheumatology-Immunology, Second Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Vargova
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Sujata Sawhney
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Marg, Centre for Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Marite Rygg
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sheila K Oliveira
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagao Gesteira (IPPMG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Cattalini
- Clinica Pediatrica dell'Università di Brescia, Spedali Civili, Unità di Immunologia e Reumatologia Pediatrica, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bovis
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, PRINTO, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Bagnasco
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, PRINTO, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Pistorio
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Servizio di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Martini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DiNOGMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nico Wulffraat
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, European Reference Network-RITA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolino Ruperto
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia, PRINTO, Genoa, Italy.
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