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Shaukat AN, Kaliatsi EG, Skeparnias I, Stathopoulos C. The Dynamic Network of RNP RNase P Subunits. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910307. [PMID: 34638646 PMCID: PMC8509007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is an important ribonucleoprotein (RNP), responsible for the maturation of the 5′ end of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs). In all organisms, the cleavage activity of a single phosphodiester bond adjacent to the first nucleotide of the acceptor stem is indispensable for cell viability and lies within an essential catalytic RNA subunit. Although RNase P is a ribozyme, its kinetic efficiency in vivo, as well as its structural variability and complexity throughout evolution, requires the presence of one protein subunit in bacteria to several protein partners in archaea and eukaryotes. Moreover, the existence of protein-only RNase P (PRORP) enzymes in several organisms and organelles suggests a more complex evolutionary timeline than previously thought. Recent detailed structures of bacterial, archaeal, human and mitochondrial RNase P complexes suggest that, although apparently dissimilar enzymes, they all recognize pre-tRNAs through conserved interactions. Interestingly, individual protein subunits of the human nuclear and mitochondrial holoenzymes have additional functions and contribute to a dynamic network of elaborate interactions and cellular processes. Herein, we summarize the role of each RNase P subunit with a focus on the human nuclear RNP and its putative role in flawless gene expression in light of recent structural studies.
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Jin X, Hou J, Zheng K, Wei D, Zhang A, Wang S, Mei H, Li C, Cheng L, Sun X. Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Inhibiting the Fibrosis and Autoimmune Development in HOCl-Induced Systemic Scleroderma Mouse Model. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:262-274. [PMID: 34158413 PMCID: PMC8429945 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a rare and serious connective tissue disease, an autoimmune disease, and a rare refractory disease. In this study, preventive effect of single systemic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transfusion on SSc was preliminarily explored. Methods and Results SSc mouse model was established by daily intradermal injection of Hypochlorite (HOCl). SSc mice were treated by single transfusion of UC-MSCs at 0.625×105, 2.5×105 and 1×106 respectively. At the 42nd day of intradermal injection of HOCl, the symptoms showed up by skin and alveolar wall thickening, lymphocytic infiltration, increased collagen in skin/lung, and the increased proportion of CD3+CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells (a Treg subset) in spleen. After UC-MSCs transfusion, the degree of skin thickening, alveolar wall thickening and lymphocyte infiltration were decreased, the collagen sedimentation in skin/lung was decreased, and the proportion of CD3+CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells was decreased. Conclusions UC-MSC can achieve a preventive effect in SSc mice by fibrosis attenuation and immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Hou
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Ali Zhang
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Siqi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Mei
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Chuang Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Lamei Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
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Landon-Cardinal O, Baril-Dionne A, Hoa S, Meyer A, Leclair V, Bourré-Tessier J, Mansour AM, Zarka F, Makhzoum JP, Nehme J, Rich E, Goulet JR, Grodzicky T, Koenig M, Joyal F, Richard I, Hudson M, Targoff I, Satoh M, Fritzler MJ, Troyanov Y, Senécal JL. Recognising the spectrum of scleromyositis: HEp-2 ANA patterns allow identification of a novel clinical subset with anti-SMN autoantibodies. RMD Open 2021; 6:rmdopen-2020-001357. [PMID: 32892170 PMCID: PMC7509989 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe systemic sclerosis (SSc) with myopathy in patients without classic SSc-specific and SSc-overlap autoantibodies (aAbs), referred to as seronegative scleromyositis. Methods Twenty patients with seronegative scleromyositis diagnosed by expert opinion were analysed retrospectively for SSc features at myositis diagnosis and follow-up, and stratified based on HEp-2 nuclear patterns by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) according to International Consensus of Autoantibody Patterns. Specificities were analysed by protein A−assisted immunoprecipitation. Myopathy was considered an organ involvement of SSc. Results SSc sine scleroderma was a frequent presentation (45%) at myositis diagnosis. Myositis was the most common first non-Raynaud manifestation of SSc (55%). Lower oesophagal dysmotility was present in 10 of 11 (91%) investigated patients. At follow-up, 80% of the patients met the American College of Rheumatology/EULAR SSc classification criteria. Two-thirds of patients had a positive HEp-2 IIF nuclear pattern (all with titers ≥1/320), defining three novel scleromyositis subsets. First, antinuclear antibody (ANA)-negative scleromyositis was associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and renal crisis. Second, a speckled pattern uncovered multiple rare SSc-specific aAbs. Third, the nuclear dots pattern was associated with aAbs to survival of motor neuron (SMN) complex and a novel scleromyositis subset characteriszed by calcinosis but infrequent ILD and renal crisis. Conclusions SSc skin involvement is often absent in early seronegative scleromyositis. ANA positivity, Raynaud phenomenon, SSc-type capillaroscopy and/or lower oesophagal dysmotility may be clues for scleromyositis. Using HEp-2 IIF patterns, three novel clinicoserological subsets of scleromyositis emerged, notably (1) ANA-negative, (2) ANA-positive with a speckled pattern and (3) ANA-positive with nuclear dots and anti-SMN aAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Landon-Cardinal
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Baril-Dionne
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Hoa
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Meyer
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Autoimmunes Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Leclair
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Josiane Bourré-Tessier
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mansour
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Farah Zarka
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Makhzoum
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica Nehme
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Rich
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Richard Goulet
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tamara Grodzicky
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martial Koenig
- Division of Internal Medicine, CHUM; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - France Joyal
- Division of Internal Medicine, CHUM; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Richard
- Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux Abitibi Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Hudson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ira Targoff
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yves Troyanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Senécal
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM); Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, CHUM Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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