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Diagnostic reference levels in plain radiography for paediatric imaging: A Portuguese study. Radiography (Lond) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Precht H, Tingberg A, Waaler D, Outzen CB. New developed DR detector performs radiographs of hand, pelvic and premature chest anatomies at a lower radiation dose and/or a higher image quality. J Digit Imaging 2014; 27:68-76. [PMID: 24221693 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-013-9635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly developed Digital Radiography (DR) detector has smaller pixel size and higher fill factor than earlier detector models. These technical advantages should theoretically lead to higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution, thus making dose reduction possible without scarifying image quality compared to previous DR detector versions. To examine whether the newly developed Canon CXDI-70C DR detector provides an improved image quality and/or allows for dose reductions in hand and pelvic bone examinations as well as premature chest examinations, compared to the previous (CXDI-55C) DR detector version. A total of 450 images of a technical Contrast-Detail phantom were imaged on a DR system employing various kVp and mAs settings, providing an objective image quality assessment. In addition, 450 images of anthropomorphic phantoms were taken and analyzed by three specialized radiologists using Visual Grading Analysis (VGA). The results from the technical phantom studies showed that the image quality expressed as IQFINV values was on average approximately 45 % higher with the CXDI-70C detector compared to the CXDI-55C detector. Consistently, the VGA results from the anatomical phantom studies indicated that by using the CXDI-70C detector, diagnostic image quality could be maintained at a dose reduction of in average 30 %, depending on anatomy and kVp level. This indicates that the CXDI-70C detector is significantly more sensitive than the previous model, and supports a better clinical image quality. By using the newly developed DR detector a significant dose reduction is possible while maintaining image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Precht
- Conrad Research Center, University College Lillebelt, Blangstedgårdsvej 4, 5220, Odense SØ, Denmark,
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Agarwal S, Parashar A, Ellis SG, Heupler FA, Lau E, Tuzcu EM, Kapadia SR. Measures to Reduce Radiation in a Modern Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 7:447-55. [DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.114.001499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikhar Agarwal
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Akhil Parashar
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Stephen G. Ellis
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Frederick A. Heupler
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Evan Lau
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - E. Murat Tuzcu
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Samir R. Kapadia
- From the Section of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.A., S.G.E., F.A.H., E.L., E.M.T., S.R.K.), and Department of Internal Medicine (A.P.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
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Precht H, Gerke O, Rosendahl K, Tingberg A, Waaler D. Large dose reduction by optimization of multifrequency processing software in digital radiography at follow-up examinations of the pediatric femur. Pediatr Radiol 2014; 44:239-40. [PMID: 24366605 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-013-2854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helle Precht
- Conrad Research Center, University College Lillebelt, Blangstedgaardsvej 4, 5220, Odense, SO, Denmark,
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Small GR, Chow BJW, Ruddy TD. Low-dose cardiac imaging: reducing exposure but not accuracy. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 10:89-104. [DOI: 10.1586/erc.11.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rixe J, Rolf A. Radiation dose in imaging of coronary artery disease: current status and perspectives. Interv Cardiol 2009. [DOI: 10.2217/ica.09.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Paech A, Schulz A, Seide K, Faschingbauer M, Jürgens C. Subjective evaluation of a novel method of dose reduction by optical re-exposure of conventional radiographs – A multi-observer region of interest evaluation in an animal model. Phys Med 2008; 24:182-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2007] [Revised: 04/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Matthews K, Brennan PC. Justification of x-ray examinations: General principles and an Irish perspective. Radiography (Lond) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rampado O, Garelli E, Zatteri R, Escoffier U, De Lucchi R, Ropolo R. Patient dose evaluation by means of DICOM images for a direct radiography system. Radiol Med 2008; 113:1219-28. [PMID: 18956145 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-008-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to evaluate the statistical distribution of patient dose for different examinations by using the data stored in a DICOM image archive of a direct digital radiography system. MATERIALS AND METHODS An automatic procedure to extract dose data and exposure parameters from the image archives was implemented. During a 4.5-month period, 8,292 images were collected. Exposure parameters and the air kerma area product (P (KA)) stored in the image DICOM header were examined for each image. The entrance surface air kerma (K (a,e)), a quantity comparable to the current diagnostic reference levels (DRL), was estimated considering the P (KA) and the geometric parameters of each examination. RESULTS P (KA) and K (a,e ) distributions showed highly variable values. The obtained K (a,e ) values were substantially lower than the DRL. DRL were more than six times the mean value of K (a,e ) distribution for the abdomen anteroposterior (AP) and lumbar spine lateral (LAT) projections, whereas the ratio was equal to 2.7 for posteroanterior (PA) chest examinations. CONCLUSIONS The method adopted proved to be effective for characterising the dose of each examination by means of the statistical analysis of the dose quantities over extensive samples. The dose values obtained and the comparison with the DRL showed that this radiographic device allows substantial dose savings compared with estimations made for nondigital or for phosphor-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rampado
- Struttura Complessa Fisica Sanitaria I, Ospedale San Giovanni Battista, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Davidson R, Sim J. Computed Radiography and Dosimetry: Some Practical Tips for Dose Optimization Procedures. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2008; 39:109-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mettler FA, Huda W, Yoshizumi TT, Mahesh M. Effective doses in radiology and diagnostic nuclear medicine: a catalog. Radiology 2008; 248:254-63. [PMID: 18566177 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2481071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1316] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Medical uses of radiation have grown very rapidly over the past decade, and, as of 2007, medical uses represent the largest source of exposure to the U.S. population. Most physicians have difficulty assessing the magnitude of exposure or potential risk. Effective dose provides an approximate indicator of potential detriment from ionizing radiation and should be used as one parameter in evaluating the appropriateness of examinations involving ionizing radiation. The purpose of this review is to provide a compilation of effective doses for radiologic and nuclear medicine procedures. Standard radiographic examinations have average effective doses that vary by over a factor of 1000 (0.01-10 mSv). Computed tomographic examinations tend to be in a more narrow range but have relatively high average effective doses (approximately 2-20 mSv), and average effective doses for interventional procedures usually range from 5-70 mSv. Average effective dose for most nuclear medicine procedures varies between 0.3 and 20 mSv. These doses can be compared with the average annual effective dose from background radiation of about 3 mSv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred A Mettler
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, New Mexico Veterans Administration Healthcare System, 1501 San Pedro Blvd, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA.
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Körner M, Weber CH, Wirth S, Pfeifer KJ, Reiser MF, Treitl M. Advances in Digital Radiography: Physical Principles and System Overview. Radiographics 2007; 27:675-86. [PMID: 17495286 DOI: 10.1148/rg.273065075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
During the past two decades, digital radiography has supplanted screen-film radiography in many radiology departments. Today, manufacturers provide a variety of digital imaging solutions based on various detector and readout technologies. Digital detectors allow implementation of a fully digital picture archiving and communication system, in which images are stored digitally and are available anytime. Image distribution in hospitals can now be achieved electronically by means of web-based technology with no risk of losing images. Other advantages of digital radiography include higher patient throughput, increased dose efficiency, and the greater dynamic range of digital detectors with possible reduction of radiation exposure to the patient. The future of radiography will be digital, and it behooves radiologists to be familiar with the technical principles, image quality criteria, and radiation exposure issues associated with the various digital radiography systems that are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Körner
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr 20, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Körner M, Treitl M, Schaetzing R, Pfeifer KJ, Reiser M, Wirth S. Depiction of low-contrast detail in digital radiography: comparison of powder- and needle-structured storage phosphor systems. Invest Radiol 2006; 41:593-9. [PMID: 16772853 DOI: 10.1097/01.rli.0000223765.73182.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to evaluate the low-contrast performance of a newly developed needle image plate/line scanner (NIP) computed radiography system in comparison with a standard powder image plate/flying-spot scanner (PIP) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 images of a CDRAD phantom, simulating low-contrast structures with different drill holes of different diameters, were obtained with both imaging systems using 9 different exposure variables. All images had window and level set to generate consistent density and contrast. In addition, multiscale contrast-dependent contrast amplification was applied to some of the images. All images obtained were printed and presented to a total of 10 observers (5 radiologists, 5 engineers/physicists), who were blinded to both the image plate and parameter setting used. The smallest detectable drill hole depth (= contrast) correctly identified was recorded for each diameter. The median values observed were calculated and tested for statistical differences between PIP and NIP using Student t test for matched pairs (level of significance P < or = 0.05). RESULTS At all but 2 settings of the variables, NIP images depicted significantly lower contrast levels (= lower depth of drill holes) compared with PIP images. The 2 settings also showed a trend towards better low contrast depiction with NIP. In no case was low contrast performance better using PIP images. CONCLUSION Images obtained with needle image plate/line scanner provide superior low contrast performance compared with the images obtained with powder image plate/flying-spot scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Körner
- Department of Clinical Radiology Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.
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