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Omidi R, Zare MH, Zamani H, Dalvand S, Masjedi H, Razavi-Ratki SK, Rahbar S. Patterns and trends of population radiation exposure and projected the risk of exposure-induced death from gamma camera examinations in Yazd Province. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2021; 52:595-605. [PMID: 34782277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of nuclear medicine examinations as imaging modalities has recently increased. This study aimed to assess the radiation dose delivered to patients from common diagnostic nuclear medicine examinations and estimate the risk of exposure-induced death (REID). In addition, the frequency of nuclear medicine procedures were evaluated from 2015-2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were collected from adult patients who had undergone cardiac, skeletal, renal, lacrimal, and thyroid imaging. For each patient, the effective dose was calculated using dose conversion factors, and REID was estimated using PCXMC. The frequency of examinations between 2015 and 2018 was obtained from the hospital information system (HIS). RESULTS The highest estimated effective dose was attributed to the scans of myocardial stress (8.09 ± 1.28 mSv), myocardial rest (5.59 ± 1.27 mSv), and thyroid imaging (3.93 ± 0.55 mSv). In addition, cardiac stress examination had the highest REID values for solid cancers (212.5 ± 67.5) and bone scans had the highest REID values for leukemia (11.5 ± 2.5). A large increase in the number of myocardial perfusion scans was a significant contributor to an increase in collective effective dose from 23.37 man-Sv in 2015 to 49.47 man-Sv in 2018, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26%. CONCLUSION Although the annual frequency and per capita effective dose of nuclear medicine procedures in Yazd Province increased continuously, they were comparably lower than those reported for other countries. Despite this, the cancer risks of nuclear medicine scans at the individual level are negligible (around 0.01% excess fatal cancer risk), yet the increasing tendency for these examinations could be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Omidi
- Medical Physics Department, Student at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Zare
- Medical Physics Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamed Zamani
- Medical Physics Department, Student at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saman Dalvand
- Medical Physics Department, Student at Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Masjedi
- Medical Physics Department, Student at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seid Kazem Razavi-Ratki
- Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd, Yazd, Yazd Province, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Shiva Rahbar
- Medical Physics Department, Student at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Bartlett ML, Forsythe A, Brady Z, Mathews JD. Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine for Paediatric Patients in Australia: Assessing the Individual's Dose Burden. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 179:216-228. [PMID: 29177432 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report data for all Australians aged 0-19 y who underwent publicly funded nuclear medicine studies between 1985 and 2005, inclusive. Radiation doses were estimated for individual patients for 95 different types of studies. There were 374 848 occasions of service for 277 511 patients with a collective effective dose of 1123 Sievert (Sv). Most services were either bone scans (45%) or renal scans (29%), with renal scans predominating at younger ages and bone scans at older ages. This pattern persisted despite a 4-fold increase in the annual number of procedures. Younger children were more likely to experience multiple scans, with the third quartile of scans per patient dropping from two to one with patient age. The median effective dose per patient ranged from 1.3 mSv (4-7 y old) to 2.8 mSv (13-16 y old). This large data set provides valuable information on nuclear medicine services for young Australians in the period 1985-2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L Bartlett
- Nuclear Medicine and Specialised PET Services Qld, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna Forsythe
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zoe Brady
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, PO Box 315, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia
| | - John D Mathews
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tabeie F, Honari P, Neshandar Asli I, Amoei M, Eftekhari M, Ansari M, Shafiei B. POPULATION RADIATION EXPOSURE FROM DIAGNOSTIC NUCLEAR MEDICINE PROCEDURES IN TEHRAN 2011-14; TRENDS IN THE LAST 3 DECADES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 179:151-157. [PMID: 29186617 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study represents an update of Tehran population exposure from the diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures and the annual collective effective dose during 2011-14. The diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures data were collected from 58 out of 60 nuclear medicine centers in Tehran and were composed of the type and frequency of diagnostic examinations, radiopharmaceuticals used, administered activities, and age distribution of the patients. The annual number of examinations per 1000 population increased from 13.73 in 2011 to 22.59 in 2014 with an increase of 64.53% during 4 years. Most frequent examinations were cardiac (71.05%), bone (9.80%) and thyroid (7.26%) averaged over the 5 years. The collective effective dose increased from 807.74 person-Sv in 2011 to 1413.81 person-Sv in 2014. The effective dose per capita increased from 44.06 μSv in 2011 to 120.91 μSv in 2014, could be because of 70% increase of examinations, but ~3.42% increase in the population of Tehran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraj Tabeie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Honari
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Neshandar Asli
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahasti Amoei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eftekhari
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ansari
- Depertment of Nuclear Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Shafiei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Peruzzo Cornetto A, Aimonetto S, Pisano F, Giudice M, Sicuro M, Meloni T, Tofani S. The contribution of interventional cardiology procedures to the population radiation dose in a 'health-care level I' representative region. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 168:261-70. [PMID: 26012484 PMCID: PMC4884888 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates per-procedure, collective and per capita effective dose to the population by interventional cardiology (IC) procedures performed during 2002-11 at the main hospital of Aosta Valley Region that can be considered as representative of the health-care level I countries, as defined by the UNSCEAR, based on its socio-demographic characteristics. IC procedures investigated were often multiple procedures in patients older than 60 y. The median extreme dose-area product values of 300 and 22 908 cGycm(2) were found for standard pacemaker implantation and coronary angioplasty, respectively, while the relative mean per-procedure effective dose ranged from 0.7 to 47 mSv. A 3-fold increase in frequency has been observed together with a correlated increase in the delivered per capita dose (0.05-0.27 mSv y(-1)) and the collective dose (5.8-35 man Sv y(-1)). Doses increased particularly from 2008 onwards mainly because of the introduction of coronary angioplasty procedures in the authors' institution. IC practice contributed remarkably in terms of effective dose to the population, delivering ∼10% of the total dose by medical ionising radiation examination categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Peruzzo Cornetto
- Department of Medical Physics, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Stefania Aimonetto
- Department of Medical Physics, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisano
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Marcello Giudice
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Marco Sicuro
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiology, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Teodoro Meloni
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
| | - Santi Tofani
- Department of Medical Physics, AUSL Valle d'Aosta, 'U. Parini' Regional Hospital, Viale Ginevra no. 3, Aosta 11100, Italy
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Niksirat F, Monfared AS, Deevband MR, Amiri M, Gholami A. Estimating the population dose from nuclear medicine examinations towards establishing diagnostic reference levels. Indian J Nucl Med 2016; 31:31-5. [PMID: 26917891 PMCID: PMC4746838 DOI: 10.4103/0972-3919.172353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study conducted a review on nuclear medicine (NM) services in Mazandaran Province with a view to establish adult diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and provide updated data on population radiation exposure resulting from diagnostic NM procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were collected from all centers in all cities of Mazandaran Province in the North of Iran from March 2014 to February 2015. The 75(th) percentile of the distribution and the average administered activity (AAA) were calculated and the average effective dose per examination, collective effective dose to the population and annual effective dose per capita were estimated using dose conversion factors. The gathered data were analyzed via SPSS (version 18) software using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Based on the data of this study, the collective effective dose was 95.628 manSv, leading to a mean effective dose of 0.03 mSv per capita. It was also observed that the myocardial perfusion was the most common procedure (50%). The 75(th) percentile of the distribution of administered activity (AA) represents the DRL. The AAA and the 75(th) percentile of the distribution of AA are slightly higher than DRL of most European countries. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial perfusion is responsible for most of the collective effective dose and it is better to establish national DRLs for myocardial perfusion and review some DRL values through the participation of NM specialists in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Niksirat
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Shabestani Monfared
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Deevband
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Amiri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Amir Gholami
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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