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Fingernail electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry protocol for localized hand exposure accident. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hirota S, Gonzales CAB, Yasuda H. Behavior of the electron spin resonance signals in X-ray irradiated human fingernails for the establishment of a dose reconstruction procedure. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:812-824. [PMID: 34095957 PMCID: PMC8438265 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The retrospective dosimetry that follows accidental X-ray exposure is becoming more significant for improving radiation diagnosis and treatment. We investigated the dosimetric properties of electron spin resonance (ESR) signals in X-ray irradiated fingernails under conditions that resemble realistic situations. We collected fingernails from 12 Japanese donors between the ages of 30 to 70. The sampled fingernails were utilized for X-ray irradiation, mechanical stimulation and background measurements. We also collected 10 toenails from one of the donors to evaluate their differences from fingernails. Additionally, we prepared 15 samples from two donors to compare the signals generated by γ-rays to those by X-rays. After observing the linear dose-response for both X- and γ-ray irradiated samples, we found that the sensitivity of the air-absorbed dose of γ-ray irradiated samples was identical to that of X-ray irradiated samples. The effect from secondary electrons seemed to be small in fingernails. The inter-individual variation in the sensitivity was no greater than the intra-individual variation. The signal intensities in each measurement fluctuated about the linear response curve, and the size of the fluctuation was dependent on the sample. The average fluctuation corresponded to 1.7 Gy, and the standard deviation was 1.3 Gy. The signal induced by X-rays could be erased by soaking the samples in water and subsequently drying them for four days, which allowed us to estimate the signal intensity prior to the exposure. These characteristics of the ESR signal induced by X-rays facilitate the development of a feasible protocol for fingernail dose reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiko Hirota
- Corresponding author. Department of Radiation Biophysics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Chryzel Angelica B Gonzales
- Department of Radiation Biophysics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasuda
- Department of Radiation Biophysics, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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Monzen S, Ueno T, Chiba M, Mariya Y. [15. Predictive Biomarker for the Detection of Ionizing Radiation Toxicity]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2019; 75:480-485. [PMID: 31105097 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2019_jsrt_75.5.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Monzen
- Department of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences
| | - Tatsuya Ueno
- Department of Radiology, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital
| | - Mitsuru Chiba
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences
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Marciniak A, Ciesielski B, Czajkowski P, Krefft K, Boguś P, Prawdzik – Dampc A, Lipniewicz J. EPR dosimetry in nail samples irradiated in vivo during total body irradiation procedures. RADIAT MEAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sholom S, McKeever S. Stability of X-band EPR signals from fingernails under vacuum storage. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017; 141:78-87. [PMID: 28781435 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
EPR signals of different origin have been tested in human finger- and toe-nails with an X-band EPR technique for different conditions of nail storage. Three different signals were identified, namely a singlet at g=2.005, a doublet at g=2.004 with a splitting constant A=1.8 mT, and an anisotropic signal at g1=2.057, g2=2.029 and g3=2.003 (positions of local extrema). All EPR spectra from nails, whether irradiated or mechanically stressed, can be described as a superposition of these three signals. The singlet is responsible for the background signal (BG), is the main component of radiation-induced signals (RIS) for low doses (100 Gy or lower) and also contributes to mechanically-induced signals (MIS). This signal is quite stable under vacuum storage, but can be reduced almost to zero by soaking in water. The behavior of this signal under ambient conditions depends on many factors, such as absorbed dose, air humidity, and ambient illumination intensity at the place of storage. The doublet arises after exposure of nails to high (few hundreds Gy and higher) doses or after mechanical stress of samples. Depending on how this signal was obtained, it may have bulk or surface locations with quite different stability properties. The surface-located doublet (generated on the nail edges during cutting or clipping) is quite unstable and decays over about two hours for samples stored at ambient conditions and within several seconds for samples immersed in water. The volume-distributed doublet decays within a few minutes in water, several hours at ambient conditions and several days in vacuum. The anisotropic signal may also be generated by both ionizing radiation and mechanical stress; this signal is quite stable in vacuum and decays over several days at ambient conditions or a few tens of minutes in water. The reference lines for the above-described three EPR signals were obtained and a procedure of spectra deconvolution was developed and tested on samples exposed to both ionizing radiation and mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Stephen McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Grinberg O, Sidabras JW, Tipikin DS, Krymov V, Mariani M, Feldman MM, Kmiec MM, Petryakov SV, Brugger S, Carr B, Schreiber W, Swarts SG, Swartz HM. Dielectric-Backed Aperture Resonators for X-Band in vivo EPR Nail Dosimetry. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 172:121-126. [PMID: 27412507 PMCID: PMC5225980 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new resonator for X-band in vivo EPR nail dosimetry, the dielectric-backed aperture resonator (DAR), is developed based on rectangular TE102 geometry. This novel geometry for surface spectroscopy improves at least a factor of 20 compared to a traditional non-backed aperture resonator. Such an increase in EPR sensitivity is achieved by using a non-resonant dielectric slab, placed on the aperture inside the cavity. The dielectric slab provides an increased magnetic field at the aperture and sample, while minimizing sensitive aperture resonance conditions. This work also introduces a DAR semi-spherical (SS)-TE011 geometry. The SS-TE011 geometry is attractive due to having twice the incident magnetic field at the aperture for a fixed input power. It has been shown that DAR provides sufficient sensitivity to make biologically relevant measurements both in vitro and in vivo Although in vivo tests have shown some effects of physiological motions that suggest the necessity of a more robust finger holder, equivalent dosimetry sensitivity of approximately 1.4 Gy has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Grinberg
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jason W Sidabras
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | | | - Vladimir Krymov
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Michael Mariani
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Maciej M Kmiec
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Spencer Brugger
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Brandon Carr
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Steven G Swarts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Harold M Swartz
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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Zhang T, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Ruan S, Jiao L. TWO FACTORS INFLUENCING DOSE RECONSTRUCTION IN LOW DOSE RANGE: THE VARIABILITY OF BKG INTENSITY ON ONE INDIVIDUAL AND WATER CONTENT. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 171:297-303. [PMID: 26290185 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A fast and accurate retrospective dosimetry method for the triage is very important in radiation accidents. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) fingernail dosimetry is a promising way to estimate radiation dose. This article presents two factors influencing dose reconstruction in low dose range: the variability of background signal (BKG) intensity on one individual and water content. Comparing the EPR spectrum of dried and humidified fingernail samples, it is necessary to add a procedure of dehydration before EPR measurements, so as to eliminate the deviation caused by water content. Besides, the BKGs of different fingers' nails are not the same as researchers thought previously, and the difference between maximum and minimum BKG intensities of one individual can reach 55.89 %. Meanwhile, the variability of the BKG intensity among individuals is large enough to impact precise dose reconstruction. Water within fingernails and instability of BKG are two reasons that cause the inaccuracy of radiation dose reconstruction in low-dosage level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuzhou Ruan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Jiao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
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Zhang T, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Zhai H, Ruan S, Jiao L, Zhang W. Effects of water on fingernail electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2016; 57:460-467. [PMID: 27342838 PMCID: PMC5045077 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a promising biodosimetric method, and fingernails are sensitive biomaterials to ionizing radiation. Therefore, kinetic energy released per unit mass (kerma) can be estimated by measuring the level of free radicals within fingernails, using EPR. However, to date this dosimetry has been deficient and insufficiently accurate. In the sampling processes and measurements, water plays a significant role. This paper discusses many effects of water on fingernail EPR dosimetry, including disturbance to EPR measurements and two different effects on the production of free radicals. Water that is unable to contact free radicals can promote the production of free radicals due to indirect ionizing effects. Therefore, varying water content within fingernails can lead to varying growth rates in the free radical concentration after irradiation-these two variables have a linear relationship, with a slope of 1.8143. Thus, EPR dosimetry needs to be adjusted according to the water content of the fingernails of an individual. When the free radicals are exposed to water, the eliminating effect will appear. Therefore, soaking fingernail pieces in water before irradiation, as many researchers have previously done, can cause estimation errors. In addition, nails need to be dehydrated before making accurately quantitative EPR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Hezheng Zhai
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuzhou Ruan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Jiao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Baidi Street 238, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Human finger- and toenails have been tested with an X-band EPR technique for different conditions of nail storage. The main radiation-induced signal at g=2.005 demonstrated good stability if the samples were stored in a vacuum at room temperature after nail harvesting and irradiation. On the basis of this phenomenon, a new protocol is proposed to use the nails as possible emergency EPR dosimeters. The dosimetry protocol was tested on laboratory-exposed samples and demonstrated the ability to recover doses in the region 0-10 Gy with an estimated uncertainty of approximately 0.3-0.4 Gy for doses in the range < 2 Gy, increasing to 0.6-0.7 Gy for doses in the range 5-10 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - S W S McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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