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Mottareale R, Frascogna C, La Verde G, Arrichiello C, Muto P, Netti PA, Fusco S, Panzetta V, Pugliese M. Impact of ionizing radiation on cell-ECM mechanical crosstalk in breast cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1408789. [PMID: 38903185 PMCID: PMC11187264 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1408789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The stiffness of the extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in cell motility and spreading, influencing cell morphology through cytoskeleton organization and transmembrane proteins' expression. In this context, mechanical characterization of both cells and the extracellular matrix gains prominence for enhanced diagnostics and clinical decision-making. Here, we investigate the combined effect of mechanotransduction and ionizing radiations on altering cells' mechanical properties, analysing mammary cell lines (MCF10A and MDA-MB-231) after X-ray radiotherapy (2 and 10 Gy). We found that ionizing radiations sensitively affect adenocarcinoma cells cultured on substrates mimicking cancerous tissue stiffness (15 kPa), inducing an increased structuration of paxillin-rich focal adhesions and cytoskeleton: this process translates in the augmentation of tension at the actin filaments level, causing cellular stiffness and consequently affecting cytoplasmatic/nuclear morphologies. Deeper exploration of the intricate interplay between mechanical factors and radiation should provide novel strategies to orient clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Mottareale
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems E. Caianiello (CNR-ISASI), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Crescenzo Frascogna
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Verde
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Arrichiello
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Muto
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Frascogna C, Mottareale R, La Verde G, Arrichiello C, Muto P, Netti PA, Pugliese M, Panzetta V. Role of the mechanical microenvironment on CD-44 expression of breast adenocarcinoma in response to radiotherapy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:391. [PMID: 38172135 PMCID: PMC10764959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of ionizing radiation are exploited in the clinical practice of radiotherapy to destroy tumour cells while sparing the surrounding normal tissue. While most of the radiotherapy research focused on DNA damage and repair, recently a great attention is going to cells' interactions with the mechanical microenvironment of both malignant and healthy tissues after exposure. In fact, the stiffness of the extracellular matrix can modify cells' motility and spreading through the modulation of transmembrane proteins and surface receptors' expression, such as CD-44. CD-44 receptor has held much interest also in targeted-therapy due to its affinity with hyaluronic acid, which can be used to functionalize biodegradable nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapy drugs for targeted therapy. We evaluated changes in CD-44 expression in two mammary carcinoma cell lines (MCF10A and MDA-MB-231) after exposure to X-ray (2 or 10 Gy). To explore the role of the mechanical microenvironment, we mimicked tissues' stiffness with polyacrylamide's substrates producing two different elastic modulus values (0.5 and 15 kPa). We measured a dose dependent increase in CD-44 relative expression in tumour cells cultured in a stiffer microenvironment. These findings highlight a crucial connection between the mechanical properties of the cell's surroundings and the post-radiotherapy expression of surface receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crescenzo Frascogna
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Mottareale
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Verde
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia Ed. 6, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Arrichiello
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Via Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Muto
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione "G. Pascale", Via Semmola, 53, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre On Biomaterials CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariagabriella Pugliese
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia Ed. 6, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare @CRIB, Italian Institute of Technology, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre On Biomaterials CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio, 80125, Naples, Italy
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Cytoskeleton Response to Ionizing Radiation: A Brief Review on Adhesion and Migration Effects. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091102. [PMID: 34572287 PMCID: PMC8465203 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is involved in several biological processes, including adhesion, motility, and intracellular transport. Alterations in the cytoskeletal components (actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules) are strictly correlated to several diseases, such as cancer. Furthermore, alterations in the cytoskeletal structure can lead to anomalies in cells’ properties and increase their invasiveness. This review aims to analyse several studies which have examined the alteration of the cell cytoskeleton induced by ionizing radiations. In particular, the radiation effects on the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration have been considered to gain a deeper knowledge of the biophysical properties of the cell. In fact, the results found in the analysed works can not only aid in developing new diagnostic tools but also improve the current cancer treatments.
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Panzetta V, La Verde G, Pugliese M, Artiola V, Arrichiello C, Muto P, La Commara M, Netti PA, Fusco S. Adhesion and Migration Response to Radiation Therapy of Mammary Epithelial and Adenocarcinoma Cells Interacting with Different Stiffness Substrates. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1170. [PMID: 32384675 PMCID: PMC7281676 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and mechanical properties of the microenvironmental context have a profound impact on cancer cell motility, tumor invasion, and metastasis formation. In fact, cells react to their mechanical environment modulating their adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, changes of shape, and, consequently, the dynamics of their motility. In order to elucidate the role of extracellular matrix stiffness as a driving force in cancer cell motility/invasion and the effects of ionizing radiations on these processes, we evaluated adhesion and migration as biophysical properties of two different mammary cell lines, over a range of pathophysiological stiffness (1-13 kPa) in a control condition and after the exposure to two different X-ray doses (2 and 10 Gy, photon beams). We concluded that the microenvironment mimicking the normal mechanics of healthy tissue has a radioprotective role on both cell lines, preventing cell motility and invasion. Supraphysiological extracellular matrix stiffness promoted tumor cell motility instead, but also had a normalizing effect on the response to radiation of tumor cells, lowering their migratory capability. This work lays the foundation for exploiting the extracellular matrix-mediated mechanism underlying the response of healthy and tumor cells to radiation treatments and opens new frontiers in the diagnostic and therapeutic use of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Panzetta
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;
- Centre for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Verde
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.L.V.); (M.P.); (M.L.C.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariagabriella Pugliese
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.L.V.); (M.P.); (M.L.C.)
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Valeria Artiola
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Arrichiello
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Semmola, 53, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Muto
- Radiotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione “G. Pascale”, Via Semmola, 53, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (P.M.)
| | - Marco La Commara
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia ed. 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.L.V.); (M.P.); (M.L.C.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;
- Centre for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;
- Centre for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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