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Aida-Yasuoka K, Nishimura N, Fujisawa N, Endo N, Narumiya S, Tohyama C. The role of prostaglandin E 2 receptor EP1 in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced neonatal hydronephrosis in mice. Toxicology 2019; 415:10-17. [PMID: 30641090 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of dioxin-induced neonatal hydronephrosis. Since the PGE2 receptor has four subtypes, EP1 - EP4, this study was aimed to challenge the hypothesis that at least one of the four subtypes is responsible for the pathogenesis of dioxin-induced hydronephrosis. To this end, we used mouse pups, with a C57BL/6 J background, genetically lacking EP1, EP2, or EP3, and wild-type pups in whom EP4 was suppressed by administering ONO-AE3-208 (ONO), an EP4 antagonist, from postnatal day 1 (PND 1) to PND 13. To expose the pups to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) via lactation, the dams were administered TCDD at an oral dose of 20 μg/kg on PND 1. The pups' urine and kidneys were collected on PND 14 for urinalysis and histological examination, respectively. We found that the incidence of hydronephrosis was 80% in the EP1+/+ group, but was markedly reduced to 28.6% in the EP1-/- group despite the fact that PGE2 concentration in the urine was similarly increased in the both groups. In contrast, the incidence of hydronephrosis was 80% and 100% in the EP2+/+ and EP2-/-groups, respectively, and 88.9% and 100% in the EP3+/+ and EP3-/- groups, respectively. With regard to EP4, the incidence of hydronephrosis in vehicle (saline)-treated groups and ONO-treated was 88.9% and 100%, respectively. Therefore, we concluded that among PGE2 receptor subtypes, EP1 plays a predominant role in the onset of TCDD-induced neonatal hydronephrosis in mouse pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Aida-Yasuoka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Noriko Nishimura
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nozomi Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nozomi Endo
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan.
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Fujisawa N, Yoshioka W, Yanagisawa H, Tohyama C. Significance of AHR nuclear translocation sequence in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cPLA 2α activation and hydronephrosis. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1255-1264. [PMID: 30790002 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a major role in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced toxicity phenotypes. TCDD bound to AHR elicits both genomic action in which target genes are transcriptionally upregulated and nongenomic action in which cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is rapidly activated. However, how either of these actions, separately or in combination, induces toxicity phenotypes is largely unknown. In this study, we used AHRnls/nls mice as a model in which AHR was mutated to lack nuclear translocation sequence (NLS), and AHRd/- mice as the corresponding control. Using this model, we studied TCDD-induced alterations in cPLA2α activation and related factors because of the pivotal roles of cPLA2α both in AHR's nongenomic action and in regulation of causative genes of TCDD-induced hydronephrosis. Dams were orally administered TCDD at a dose of 300 µg/kg body weight on postnatal day 1, and pups subsequently exposed to TCDD via milk were examined for gene expression on PND 7 and for histological changes on PND 14. The activation of the AHR genomic action and hydronephrosis onset were observed in the control group but not in the AHRnls/nls group. An ex vivo experiment using peritoneal macrophages exposed to 100 nM TCDD resulted in rapid activation of cPLA2α, an indicator of the nongenomic action, only in the control group but not in the AHRnls/nls group. These results indicated that an NLS is required for the AHR's genomic and nongenomic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
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Yoshioka W, Tohyama C. Mechanisms of Developmental Toxicity of Dioxins and Related Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E617. [PMID: 30708991 PMCID: PMC6387164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioxins and related compounds induce morphological abnormalities in developing animals in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. Here we review the studies in which 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is used as a prototypical compound to elucidate the pathogenesis of morphological abnormalities. TCDD-induced cleft palate in fetal mice involves a delay in palatogenesis and dissociation of fused palate shelves. TCDD-induced hydronephrosis, once considered to be caused by the anatomical obstruction of the ureter, is now separated into TCDD-induced obstructive and non-obstructive hydronephrosis, which develops during fetal and neonatal periods, respectively. In the latter, a prostaglandin E₂ synthesis pathway and urine concentration system are involved. TCDD-induced abnormal development of prostate involves agenesis of the ventral lobe. A suggested mechanism is that AhR activation in the urogenital sinus mesenchyme by TCDD modulates the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT)/β-catenin signaling cascade to interfere with budding from urogenital sinus epithelium. TCDD exposure to zebrafish embryos induces loss of epicardium progenitor cells and heart malformation. AHR2-dependent downregulation of Sox9b expression in cardiomyocytes is a suggested underlying mechanism. TCDD-induced craniofacial malformation in zebrafish is considered to result from the AHR2-dependent reduction in SRY-box 9b (SOX9b), probably partly via the noncoding RNA slincR, resulting in the underdevelopment of chondrocytes and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Kim JM, Xu S, Guo X, Hu H, Dong K, Wang T. Urinary bladder hypertrophy characteristic of male ROMK Bartter's mice does not occur in female mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R334-R341. [PMID: 29092859 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00315.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK; Kir1.1) plays an important role in Na+ and K+ homeostasis. ROMK knockout (KO) mice show a similar phenotype to Bartter's syndrome of salt wasting and dehydration due to reduced Na-2Cl-K-cotransporter activity but not in ROMK1 KO mice. ROMK KO mice also show hydronephrosis; however, the mechanism of this phenotype has not been understood. We have previously demonstrated a gender-sex difference in hydronephrosis and PGE2 production in ROMK KO mice. In this study we compared the gender-sex difference in bladder hypertrophy and hydronephrosis in ROMK KO mice. The bladder weight, bladder capacity, and the thickness of urothelium in male ROMK KO showed average increased two to approximately fourfold greater than wild-type (WT) mice, but there was no difference in either female or ROMK1 KO mice. The thickness of the urothelium was 648.8 ± 33.2 µm vs. 302.7 ± 16.5 µm ( P < 0.001) and the detrusor muscle 1,940.7 ± 98.9 µm vs. 1,308.2 ± 102.1 µm ( P = 0.013), respectively, in 12-mo male ROMK KO mice compared with the same age WT mice. Western blotting detected ROMK expression at 45~48 kDa, and both ROMK1 and ROMK2 mRNA were detected by quantitative PCR in the bladder. Immunofluorescence staining showed ROMK stained in the bladder, ureter, and urethra in WT but not in KO. In addition, there was a correlation between the severity of hydronephrosis and the bladder weight in male but not in female ROMK KO mice. In conclusion, ROMK expressed in the urinary tract at both protein and mRNA levels; significant enlargement and hypertrophy of the bladder may contribute to hydronephrosis in male ROMK KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shuhua Xu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xiaoyun Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
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Fujisawa N, Yoshioka W, Yanagisawa H, Tohyama C. Roles of cytosolic phospholipase A 2α in reproductive and systemic toxicities in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-exposed mice. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:789-801. [PMID: 29043426 PMCID: PMC5818604 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces a variety of toxicities upon binding of TCDD to aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Although this binding upregulates the synthesis of prostaglandins and their related lipid mediators via cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α), toxicological significance of this signaling pathway remains elusive. Herein, we investigated the roles of cPLA2α in TCDD toxicities using cPLA2α-null mice. In a first set of experiments, pregnant mice were orally administered TCDD at a dose of 40 μg/kg on gestation day (GD) 12.5, and fetuses were collected on GD 18 for subsequent analyses. The number of live male fetuses of cPLA2α-null type was significantly less than that of wild-type in TCDD-exposed litters. TCDD-induced hydronephrosis was more severe in wild-type fetuses than in cPLA2α-null fetuses regardless of sex, and kidney expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in a cPLA2α-dependent manner in TCDD-exposed fetuses. In a second set of experiments, following intraperitoneal administration of TCDD at 50 μg/kg, body weight of the male adult mice was decreased within 2 days in wild-type mice but was not changed in cPLA2α-null mice. In addition, TCDD-induced lipid accumulation in the livers of cPLA2α-null mice was at an intermediate level compared with TCDD-exposed wild-type and vehicle-control mice. In conclusion, the present results show that cPLA2α is involved in TCDD-induced body weight loss, lipid accumulation in the liver, fetal hydronephrosis, and cytokine gene expression, and that the molecular basis of TCDD toxicity differs considerably between target tissues and life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
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Yoshioka W, Kawaguchi T, Nishimura N, Akagi T, Fujisawa N, Yanagisawa H, Matsumura F, Tohyama C. Polyuria-associated hydronephrosis induced by xenobiotic chemical exposure in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F752-F762. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00001.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydronephrosis is a commonly found disease state characterized by the dilation of renal calices and pelvis, resulting in the loss of kidney function in the severest cases. A generally accepted etiology of hydronephrosis involves the obstruction of urine flow along the urinary tract. In the recent years, we have developed a mouse model of hydronephrosis induced by lactational exposure to dioxin and demonstrated a lack of anatomical obstruction in this model. We also showed that prostaglandin E2 synthesis system plays a critical role in the onset of hydronephrosis. In the present study, we found that neonatal hydronephrosis was not likely to be associated with functional obstruction (impaired peristalsis) but was found to be associated with polyuria and low urine osmolality with the downregulation of proteins involved in the urine concentrating process. The administration of an antidiuretic hormone analog to the dioxin-exposed pups not only suppressed the increased urine output but also decreased the incidence and severity of hydronephrosis. In contrast to the case in pups, administration of dioxin to adult mice failed to induce polyuria and upregulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis system, and the adult mice were resistant to develop hydronephrosis. These findings suggest the possibility that polyuria could induce hydronephrosis in the absence of anatomical or functional obstruction of the ureter. It is concluded that the present animal model provides a unique example of polyuria-associated type of hydronephrosis, suggesting a need to redefine this disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nishimura
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Akagi
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsumura
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California; and
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Mitoma C, Uchi H, Tsukimori K, Yamada H, Akahane M, Imamura T, Utani A, Furue M. Yusho and its latest findings-A review in studies conducted by the Yusho Group. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 82:41-8. [PMID: 26010306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Yusho incident is an unprecedented mass food poisoning that occurred in Japan in 1968. It was caused by the ingestion of rice bran oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and various dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The victims of Yusho have suffered from characteristic skin manifestations associated with systemic, ophthalmological, and mucosal symptoms for a long period of time. The Study Group of Yusho (the Yusho Group) has been conducting annual medical check-ups on Yusho victims for more than 45years. Since 2002, when concentrations of dioxins in the blood of Yusho patients started to be measured, the pharmacokinetics of dioxins, relationship between blood levels of dioxins and symptoms/signs in patients directly exposed to dioxins, and the adverse effects on the next generation have become dramatically clear. Herein we review recent findings of studies conducted by the Yusho Group to evaluate chronic dioxin-induced toxicity to the next generation as well as Yusho patients in comparison with a similar food mass poisoning, the Yucheng incident. Additionally, we summarized basic studies carried out by the Yusho Group to re-evaluate the mechanisms of dioxin toxicities in experimental models and various functions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), known as the dioxin receptor, pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikage Mitoma
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Health Management and Policy, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Imamura
- Health Management and Policy, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Atsushi Utani
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Aida-Yasuoka K, Yoshioka W, Kawaguchi T, Ohsako S, Tohyama C. A mouse strain less responsive to dioxin-induced prostaglandin E2 synthesis is resistant to the onset of neonatal hydronephrosis. Toxicol Sci 2014; 141:465-74. [PMID: 25015655 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioxin is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that induces toxicity when bound to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Significant differences in susceptibility of mouse strains to dioxin toxicity are largely accounted for by the dissociation constant of binding to dioxins of AhR subtypes encoded by different alleles. We showed that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), components of a prostanoid synthesis pathway, play essential roles in the onset of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induced hydronephrosis of neonatal mice. Although C57BL/6J and BALB/cA mice harbor AhR receptors highly responsive to TCDD, they were found by chance to differ significantly in the incidence of TCDD-induced hydronephrosis. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to determine the molecular basis of this difference in susceptibility to TCDD toxicity. For this purpose, we administered C57BL/6J and BALB/cA dams' TCDD at an oral dose of 15 or 80 μg/kg on postnatal day (PND) 1 to expose pups to TCDD via lactation, and the pups' kidneys were collected on PND 7. The incidence of hydronephrosis in C57BL/6J pups (64%) was greater than in BALB/cA pups (0%, p < 0.05), despite similarly increased levels of COX-2 mRNA. The incidence of hydronephrosis in these mouse strains paralleled the levels of renal mPGES-1 mRNA and early growth response 1 (Egr-1) that modulates mPGES-1 gene expression, as well as PGE2 concentrations in urine. Although these mouse strains possess AhR alleles tightly bound to TCDD, their difference in incidence and severity of hydronephrosis can be explained, in part, by differences in the expression of mPGES-1 and Egr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Aida-Yasuoka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Seiichiroh Ohsako
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Predominant role of cytosolic phospholipase A2α in dioxin-induced neonatal hydronephrosis in mice. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4042. [PMID: 24509627 PMCID: PMC3918923 DOI: 10.1038/srep04042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydronephrosis is a common disease characterized by dilation of the renal pelvis and calices, resulting in loss of kidney function in the most severe cases. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces nonobstructive hydronephrosis in mouse neonates through upregulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis pathway consisting of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) by a yet unknown mechanism. We here studied possible involvement of cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) in this mechanism. To this end, we used a cPLA2α-null mouse model and found that cPLA2α has a significant role in the upregulation of the PGE2 synthesis pathway through a noncanonical pathway of aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This study is the first to demonstrate the predominant role of cPLA2α in hydronephrosis. Elucidation of the pathway leading to the onset of hydronephrosis using the TCDD-exposed mouse model will deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of nonobstructive hydronephrosis in humans.
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