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Quevarec L, Morran LT, Dufourcq-Sekatcheff E, Armant O, Adam-Guillermin C, Bonzom JM, Réale D. Host defense alteration in Caenorhabditis elegans after evolution under ionizing radiation. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:95. [PMID: 38982371 PMCID: PMC11234525 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptation to a stressor can lead to costs on other traits. These costs play an unavoidable role on fitness and influence the evolutionary trajectory of a population. Host defense seems highly subject to these costs, possibly because its maintenance is energetically costly but essential to the survival. When assessing the ecological risk related to pollution, it is therefore relevant to consider these costs to evaluate the evolutionary consequences of stressors on populations. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of evolution in irradiate environment on host defense have never been studied. Using an experimental evolution approach, we analyzed fitness across 20 transfers (about 20 generations) in Caenorhabditis elegans populations exposed to 0, 1.4, and 50.0 mGy.h- 1 of 137Cs gamma radiation. Then, populations from transfer 17 were placed in the same environmental conditions without irradiation (i.e., common garden) for about 10 generations before being exposed to the bacterial parasite Serratia marcescens and their survival was estimated to study host defense. Finally, we studied the presence of an evolutionary trade-off between fitness of irradiated populations and host defense. RESULTS We found a lower fitness in both irradiated treatments compared to the control ones, but fitness increased over time in the 50.0 mGy.h- 1, suggesting a local adaptation of the populations. Then, the survival rate of C. elegans to S. marcescens was lower for common garden populations that had previously evolved under both irradiation treatments, indicating that evolution in gamma-irradiated environment had a cost on host defense of C. elegans. Furthermore, we showed a trade-off between standardized fitness at the end of the multigenerational experiment and survival of C. elegans to S. marcescens in the control treatment, but a positive correlation between the two traits for the two irradiated treatments. These results indicate that among irradiated populations, those most sensitive to ionizing radiation are also the most susceptible to the pathogen. On the other hand, other irradiated populations appear to have evolved cross-resistance to both stress factors. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that adaptation to an environmental stressor can be associated with an evolutionary cost when a new stressor appears, even several generations after the end of the first stressor. Among irradiated populations, we observed an evolution of resistance to ionizing radiation, which also appeared to provide an advantage against the pathogen. On the other hand, some of the irradiated populations seemed to accumulate sensitivities to stressors. This work provides a new argument to show the importance of considering evolutionary changes in ecotoxicology and for ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Quevarec
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France.
| | - Levi T Morran
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth Dufourcq-Sekatcheff
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Olivier Armant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Jean-Marc Bonzom
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Pal S, Yuvaraj R, Krishnan H, Venkatraman B, Abraham J, Gopinathan A. Unraveling radiation resistance strategies in two bacterial strains from the high background radiation area of Chavara-Neendakara: A comprehensive whole genome analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304810. [PMID: 38857267 PMCID: PMC11164402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the results of gamma irradiation experiments and whole genome sequencing (WGS) performed on vegetative cells of two radiation resistant bacterial strains, Metabacillus halosaccharovorans (VITHBRA001) and Bacillus paralicheniformis (VITHBRA024) (D10 values 2.32 kGy and 1.42 kGy, respectively), inhabiting the top-ranking high background radiation area (HBRA) of Chavara-Neendakara placer deposit (Kerala, India). The present investigation has been carried out in the context that information on strategies of bacteria having mid-range resistance for gamma radiation is inadequate. WGS, annotation, COG and KEGG analyses and manual curation of genes helped us address the possible pathways involved in the major domains of radiation resistance, involving recombination repair, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair and mismatch repair, and the antioxidant genes, which the candidate could activate to survive under ionizing radiation. Additionally, with the help of these data, we could compare the candidate strains with that of the extremely radiation resistant model bacterium Deinococccus radiodurans, so as to find the commonalities existing in their strategies of resistance on the one hand, and also the rationale behind the difference in D10, on the other. Genomic analysis of VITHBRA001 and VITHBRA024 has further helped us ascertain the difference in capability of radiation resistance between the two strains. Significantly, the genes such as uvsE (NER), frnE (protein protection), ppk1 and ppx (non-enzymatic metabolite production) and those for carotenoid biosynthesis, are endogenous to VITHBRA001, but absent in VITHBRA024, which could explain the former's better radiation resistance. Further, this is the first-time study performed on any bacterial population inhabiting an HBRA. This study also brings forward the two species whose radiation resistance has not been reported thus far, and add to the knowledge on radiation resistant capabilities of the phylum Firmicutes which are abundantly observed in extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowptika Pal
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramani Yuvaraj
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hari Krishnan
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Venkatraman
- Radiological and Environmental Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanthi Abraham
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anilkumar Gopinathan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Horseman TS, Frank AM, Cannon G, Zhai M, Olson MG, Lin B, Li X, Hull L, Xiao M, Kiang JG, Burmeister DM. Effects of combined ciprofloxacin and Neulasta therapy on intestinal pathology and gut microbiota after high-dose irradiation in mice. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365161. [PMID: 38807988 PMCID: PMC11130442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatments that currently exist in the strategic national stockpile for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) focus on the hematopoietic subsyndrome, with no treatments on gastrointestinal (GI)-ARS. While the gut microbiota helps maintain host homeostasis by mediating GI epithelial and mucosal integrity, radiation exposure can alter gut commensal microbiota which may leave the host susceptible to opportunistic pathogens and serious sequelae such as sepsis. To mitigate the effects of hematopoietic ARS irradiation, currently approved treatments exist in the form of colony stimulating factors and antibiotics: however, there are few studies examining how these therapeutics affect GI-ARS and the gut microbiota. The aim of our study was to examine the longitudinal effects of Neulasta and/or ciprofloxacin treatment on the gut microbiota after exposure to 9.5 Gy 60Co gamma-radiation in mice. Methods The gut microbiota of vehicle and drug-treated mice exposed to sham or gamma-radiation was characterized by shotgun sequencing with alpha diversity, beta diversity, and taxonomy analyzed on days 2, 4, 9, and 15 post-irradiation. Results No significant alpha diversity differences were observed following radiation, while beta diversity shifts and taxonomic profiles revealed significant alterations in Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus. Ciprofloxacin generally led to lower Shannon diversity and Bacteroides prevalence with increases in Akkermansia and Lactobacillus compared to vehicle treated and irradiated mice. While Neulasta increased Shannon diversity and by day 9 had more similar taxonomic profiles to sham than ciprofloxacin-or vehicle-treated irradiated animals. Combined therapy of Neulasta and ciprofloxacin induced a decrease in Shannon diversity and resulted in unique taxonomic profiles early post-irradiation, returning closer to vehicle-treated levels over time, but persistent increases in Akkermansia and Bacteroides compared to Neulasta alone. Discussion This study provides a framework for the identification of microbial elements that may influence radiosensitivity, biodosimetry and the efficacy of potential therapeutics. Moreover, increased survival from H-ARS using these therapeutics may affect the symptoms and appearance of what may have been subclinical GI-ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S. Horseman
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew M. Frank
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Georgetta Cannon
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Min Zhai
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew G. Olson
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bin Lin
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xianghong Li
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa Hull
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mang Xiao
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Juliann G. Kiang
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David M. Burmeister
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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4
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Wang W, Cui B, Nie Y, Sun L, Zhang F. Radiation injury and gut microbiota-based treatment. Protein Cell 2024; 15:83-97. [PMID: 37470727 PMCID: PMC10833463 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury (RI). RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs, yet effective treatments are currently limited. Accumulating evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various RI. This article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible mechanisms. It also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI, including probiotics, metabolites, and microbiota transplantation. Additionally, a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bota Cui
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
- Department of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xi’an 710032, China
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5
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Van Dingenen L, Segers C, Wouters S, Mysara M, Leys N, Kumar-Singh S, Malhotra-Kumar S, Van Houdt R. Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298264. [PMID: 38035338 PMCID: PMC10687483 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and poses a major burden on the human health worldwide. At the moment, treatment of CRC consists of surgery in combination with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. More recently, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have also been approved for CRC treatment. In addition, recent studies have shown that radiotherapy and ICBs act synergistically, with radiotherapy stimulating the immune system that is activated by ICBs. However, both treatments are also associated with severe toxicity and efficacy issues, which can lead to temporary or permanent discontinuation of these treatment programs. There's growing evidence pointing to the gut microbiome playing a role in these issues. Some microorganisms seem to contribute to radiotherapy-associated toxicity and hinder ICB efficacy, while others seem to reduce radiotherapy-associated toxicity or enhance ICB efficacy. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to reduce radio- and immunotherapy-related toxicity and enhance their efficacies. Here, we have reviewed the currently available preclinical and clinical data in CRC treatment, with a focus on how the gut microbiome influences radio- and immunotherapy toxicity and efficacy and if these treatments could benefit from FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Van Dingenen
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Segers
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Shari Wouters
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Science, School of Information Technology and Computer Science, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Natalie Leys
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rob Van Houdt
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
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6
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Fernandes A, Oliveira A, Soares R, Barata P. The Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Gut Microbiota: What Can Animal Models Tell Us?-A Systematic Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3877-3910. [PMID: 37232718 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is relatively stable; however, various factors can precipitate an imbalance that is known to be associated with various diseases. We aimed to conduct a systematic literature review of studies reporting the effects of ionizing radiation on the composition, richness, and diversity of the gut microbiota of animals. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. The standard methodologies expected by Cochrane were utilized. RESULTS We identified 3531 non-duplicated records and selected twenty-nine studies after considering the defined inclusion criteria. The studies were found to be heterogeneous, with significant differences in the chosen populations, methodologies, and outcomes. Overall, we found evidence of an association between ionizing radiation exposure and dysbiosis, with a reduction of microbiota diversity and richness and alterations in the taxonomic composition. Although differences in taxonomic composition varied across studies, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Alistipes, and Akkermancia most consistently reported to be relatively more abundant after ionizing radiation exposure, whereas Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus were relatively reduced. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the effect of ionizing exposure on gut microbiota diversity, richness, and composition. It paves the way for further studies on human subjects regarding gastrointestinal side effects in patients submitted to treatments with ionizing radiation and the development of potential preventive, therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fernandes
- Department Nuclear Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, E.P.E., 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Oliveira
- Department Nuclear Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, E.P.E., 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Barata
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
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Yu Y, Lin X, Feng F, Wei Y, Wei S, Gong Y, Guo C, Wang Q, Shuai P, Wang T, Qin H, Li G, Yi L. Gut microbiota and ionizing radiation-induced damage: Is there a link? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115947. [PMID: 37080277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
According to observational findings, ionizing radiation (IR) triggers dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, affecting the structural composition, function, and species of the gut microbiome and its metabolites. These modifications can further exacerbate IR-induced damage and amplify proinflammatory immune responses. Conversely, commensal bacteria and favorable metabolites can remodel the IR-disturbed gut microbial structure, promote a balance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory mechanisms in the body, and mitigate IR toxicity. The discovery of effective and safe remedies to prevent and treat radiation-induced injuries is vitally needed because of the proliferation of radiation toxicity threats produced by recent radiological public health disasters and increasing medical exposures. This review examines how the gut microbiota and its metabolites are linked to the processes of IR-induced harm. We highlight protective measures based on interventions with gut microbes to optimize the distress caused by IR damage to human health. We offer prospects for research in emerging and promising areas targeting the prevention and treatment of IR-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Yu
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Feiyang Feng
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuanyun Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yaqi Gong
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Caimao Guo
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Peimeng Shuai
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Lan Yi
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Guo P, Lei M, Hu S, Xu Z, Zhou Y, Zhou P, Huang R. Long-term LDR exposure may induce cognitive impairments: A possible association through targeting gut microbiota-gut-brain axis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114351. [PMID: 36508818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational low-dose radiation (LDR) exposure may be harmful for health but the previous reports regarding effect of LDR on cognition are contradictory. Here we investigated the effect of long-term LDR exposure on cognition. In this study, male Balb/c mice' cognitive functions were tested at 15 weeks after being exposed to 0.5 Gy LDR in 10 fractions at each dose of 0.05 Gy. The results demonstrated that long-term LDR exposure increases escape latency and the time spent in finding exits in mice compared with non LDR exposure. Meanwhile, the inflammation-related proteins including NFκB and p38 also increased. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels decreased following long term LDR exposure. Treatment with microbiota-derived LPS and SCFAs reversed these effects in mice. Furthermore, the gut barrier integrity was damaged in a time-dependent manner with the decreased expression of intestinal epithelial-related biomarkers such as ZO-1 and occludin. Mechanistically, long after exposure to LDR, increased LPS levels may cause cognitive impairment through the regulation of Akt/mTOR signaling in the mouse hippocampus. These findings provide new insight into the clinical applications of LDR and suggest that the gut microbiota-plasma LPS and SCFAs-brain axis may underlie long-term LDR-induced cognition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - MingJun Lei
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Sai Hu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, CSU, Changsha 410008, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zi Xu
- Central South University, China.
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
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9
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Tong JY, Jiang W, Yu XQ, Wang R, Lu GH, Gao DW, Lv ZW, Li D. Effect of low-dose radiation on thyroid function and the gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5557-5572. [PMID: 36304083 PMCID: PMC9594015 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i38.5557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thyroid-gut axis has a great influence on the maintenance of human health; however, we know very little about the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation (LDR) on thyroid hormone levels and gut microbiota composition.
AIM To investigate the potential effects of low-dose X-ray radiation to male C57BL/6J mice.
METHODS Peripheral blood was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and stool samples were taken for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing after irradiation.
RESULTS We found that LDR caused changes in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the irradiated mice, suggesting a dose-dependent response in thyroid function to ionizing radiation. No changes in the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota were observed in the LDR-exposed group in comparison to the controls. The abundance of Moraxellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae decreased in the LDR-exposed groups compared with the controls, and the Lachnospiraceae abundance increased in a dose-dependent manner in the radiated groups. And the abundances of uncultured_bacterium_g_Acinetobacter, uncultured_bacterium_ o_Mollicutes_RF39, uncultured_bacterium_g_Citrobacter, and uncultured_ bacterium_g_Lactococcus decreased in the radiated groups at the genus level, which showed a correlation with radiation exposure and diagnostic efficacy. Analysis of functional metabolic pathways revealed that biological metabolism was predicted to have an effect on functional activities, such as nucleotide metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation also suggested that changes in the gut microbiota were related to processing functions, including translation, replication and repair.
CONCLUSION LDR can change thyroid function and the gut microbiota, and changes in the abundances of bacteria are correlated with the radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yu Tong
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xia-Qing Yu
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Gang-Hua Lu
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ding-Wei Gao
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Lv
- Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 200072, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Ju Z, Guo P, Xiang J, Lei R, Ren G, Zhou M, Yang X, Zhou P, Huang R. Low-dose radiation exaggerates HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction by gut microbiota through PA-PYCR1 axis. Commun Biol 2022; 5:945. [PMID: 36088469 PMCID: PMC9464247 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCo-exposure of High-fat-diet (HFD) behavior and environmental low-dose radiation (LDR) is common among majority occupational workers, but the synergism of this co-exposure in metabolic health is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on the regulation of HFD accompanied by LDR-associated with metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. Here, we reported that Parasutterella was markedly elevated in the gut microbiota of mice in co-exposure of HFD and LDR, accompanied by increased pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid (PA) level in both intestine and plasma. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from mice with co-exposure HFD and LDR with metabolic dysfunction resulted in increased disruption of metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and increased PYCR1 (Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1) expression. Mechanistically, intestinal barrier was damaged more serious in mice with co-exposure of HFD and LDR, leading high PA level in plasma, activating PYCR1 expression to inhibit insulin Akt/mTOR (AKT kinase-transforming protein/Serine threonine-protein kinase) signaling pathway to aggravate HFD-induced metabolic impairments. This study suggests a new avenue for interventions against western diet companied with low dose radiation exposure-driven metabolic impairments.
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11
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Pan H, Zhou M, Ju Z, Luo J, Jin J, Shen L, Zhou P, Huang R. Potential role of gut microbiota-LCA-INSR axis in high fat-diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver dysfunction: From perspective of radiation variation. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1685-1700. [PMID: 36204709 PMCID: PMC9530674 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive disease of the liver covering a range of conditions from hepatic steatosis to liver fibrosis. NAFLD could be induced by High-fat-diet(HFD). Ionizing radiation is widely used in medical diagnosis and therapy as well as is a common risk factor in occupational environment. Whether the exposure of various dose of radiation has effects on HFD-induced NAFLD remains unclear. Here, we reported that radiation exposure promoted HFD-induced NAFLD in a dose-response manner. Furthermore, the gut microbiota composition had significant difference among mice with or without radiation treatment. Specifically, the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, the abundance of A. muciniphila, Butyricococcus, and Clostridiaceae decreased significantly in the mice with co-exposure of high dose of radiation and HFD treatment. A fecal transplantation trial (FMT) further verified the role of gut microbiota in the regulation of the liver response to co-exposure of high dose of radiation and HFD treatment. Notably, the gut microbiome analysis showed plasma lithocholic acid (LCA) level increased in the mice with co-exposure of high dose of radiation and HFD treatment. Following antibiotic and probiotic treatments there was a significantly decreased LCA bile acid concentration and subsequent promotion of INSR/PI3K/Akt insulin signaling in the liver tissues. Our results demonstrate that the co-exposure of radiation and HFD aggravates the HFD-induced NAFLD through gut microbiota-LCA-INSR axis. Probiotics supplementation is a potential way to protect against co-exposure of radiation and HFD-induced liver damage. Meanwhile, our study provide a new insight that population with potential HFD-induced damage should pay more attention on preventing from liver damage while exposing radiation. Gut microbiota-lithocholic acid-insulin receptor (LCA-INSR) axis involves the promotion effects of radiation on HFD-induced NAFLD. Probiotics improve the liver damage induced by co-exposure of radiation and HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiji Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410078, China
- Corresponding author.
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12
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Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Ramadan R, Baselet B, Laiakis EC, Sebastian S, Beaton D, Hartikainen JM, Kaiser JC, Beheshti A, Salomaa S, Chauhan V, Hamada N. Application of radiation omics in the development of adverse outcome pathway networks: an example of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1722-1751. [PMID: 35976069 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure of the heart to doses of ionizing radiation as low as 0.5 Gy increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality with a latency period of decades. The damaging effects of radiation to myocardial and endothelial structures and functions have been confirmed radiobiologically at high dose, but much less is known at low dose. Integration of radiation biology and epidemiology data is a recommended approach to improve the radiation risk assessment process. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework offers a comprehensive tool to compile and translate mechanistic information into pathological endpoints which may be relevant for risk assessment at the different levels of a biological system. Omics technologies enable the generation of large volumes of biological data at various levels of complexity, from molecular pathways to functional organisms. Given the quality and quantity of available data across levels of biology, omics data can be attractive sources of information for use within the AOP framework. It is anticipated that radiation omics studies could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the adverse effects of radiation on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we explored the available omics studies on radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) and their applicability to the proposed AOP for CVD. RESULTS The results of 80 omics studies published on radiation-induced CVD over the past 20 years have been discussed in the context of the AOP of CVD proposed by Chauhan et al. Most of the available omics data on radiation-induced CVD are from proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, whereas few datasets were available from epigenomics and multi-omics. The omics data presented here show great promise in providing information for several key events of the proposed AOP of CVD, particularly oxidative stress, alterations of energy metabolism, extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS The omics data presented here shows promise to inform the various levels of the proposed AOP of CVD. However, the data highlight the urgent need of designing omics studies to address the knowledge gap concerning different radiation scenarios, time after exposure and experimental models. This review presents the evidence to build a qualitative omics-informed AOP and provides views on the potential benefits and challenges in using omics data to assess risk-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Azimzadeh
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Christian Kaiser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine (HMGU-IRM), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Afshin Beheshti
- KBR, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sisko Salomaa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vinita Chauhan
- Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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13
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Ju Z, Shen L, Zhou M, Luo J, Yu Z, Qu C, Lei R, Lei M, Huang R. Helicobacter pylori and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Metabolic Dysfunction: Activation of TLR4/Myd88 Inflammation Pathway from p53 Perspective and a Case Study of Low-Dose Radiation Intervention. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1065-1081. [PMID: 35312296 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is frequently associated with AD-induced metabolic dysfunction. However, the extent and specific underlying molecular mechanisms triggered by alterations of gut microbiota composition and function mediating AD-induced metabolic dysfunction in AD remain incompletely uncovered. Here, we indicate that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is abundant in AD patients with relative metabolic dysfunction. Fecal microbiota transplantation from the AD patients promoted metabolic dysfunction in mice and increased gut permeability. H. pylori increased gut permeability through activation of the TLR4/Myd88 inflammation pathway in a p53-dependent manner, leading to metabolic dysfunction. Moreover, p53 deficiency reduced bile acid concentration, leading to an increased abundance of H. pylori colonization. Overall, these data identify H. pylori as a key promoter of AD-induced metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zijian Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Can Qu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ridan Lei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Mingjun Lei
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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14
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Livanova AA, Fedorova AA, Zavirsky AV, Bikmurzina AE, Krivoi II, Markov AG. Dose and time dependence of functional impairments in rat jejunum following ionizing radiation exposure. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14960. [PMID: 34337895 PMCID: PMC8326886 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation causes dramatic change in the transport and barrier functions of the intestine. The degree of radiation damage rate depends primarily on the absorbed dose and post-irradiation time. Variety of experimental protocols providing different time points and doses exist, with the lack of a common approach. In this study, to develop a unified convenient experimental scheme, dose and time dependence of barrier and transport properties of rat jejunum following ionizing radiation exposure were examined. Male Wistar rats were exposed to total body X-ray irradiation (2, 5, or 10 Gy). The control group was subjected to sham irradiation procedure. Samples of rat jejunum were obtained at 24, 48, or 72 h post-irradiation. Transepithelial resistance, short circuit current (Isc ), and paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein of jejunum samples were measured in an Ussing chamber; a histological examination was also performed. These parameters were significantly disturbed only 72 h after irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy, which was accompanied by loss of crypt and villi, inflammatory infiltrations, and disintegration of enterocytes. This suggests that found experimental point (72 h after 10 Gy exposure) is the most appropriate for future study using rat jejunum as a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A. Livanova
- Department of General PhysiologySt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
- Department of BiologyS.M. Kirov Military Medical AcademySt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Arina A. Fedorova
- Department of General PhysiologySt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alexander V. Zavirsky
- Department of Military Toxicology and Medical DefenseS.M. Kirov Military Medical AcademySt. PetersburgRussia
| | | | - Igor I. Krivoi
- Department of General PhysiologySt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alexander G. Markov
- Department of General PhysiologySt. Petersburg State UniversitySt. PetersburgRussia
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15
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wei K, He J, Ding N, Hua J, Zhou T, Niu F, Zhou G, Shi T, Zhang L, Liu Y. Review: Effect of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolite SCFAs on Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:577236. [PMID: 34307184 PMCID: PMC8300561 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.577236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is regarded as the second human genome and forgotten organ, which is symbiotic with the human host and cannot live and exist alone. The gut microbiota performs multiple physiological functions and plays a pivotal role in host health and intestinal homeostasis. However, the gut microbiota can always be affected by various factors and among them, it is radiotherapy that results in gut microbiota 12dysbiosis and it is often embodied in a decrease in the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota, an increase in harmful bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria, thereby affecting many disease states, especially intestine diseases. Furthermore, gut microbiota can produce a variety of metabolites, among which short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one of the most abundant and important metabolites. More importantly, SCFAs can be identified as second messengers to promote signal transduction and affect the occurrence and development of diseases. Radiotherapy can lead to the alterations of SCFAs-producing bacteria and cause changes in SCFAs, which is associated with a variety of diseases such as radiation-induced intestinal injury. However, the specific mechanism of its occurrence is not yet clear. Therefore, this review intends to emphasize the alterations of gut microbiota after radiotherapy and highlight the alterations of SCFAs-producing bacteria and SCFAs to explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced intestinal injury from the perspective of gut microbiota and its metabolite SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kongxi Wei
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junrui Hua
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Niu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gucheng Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tongfan Shi
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, China
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16
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Zheng Y, Pang X, Zhu X, Meng Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Ding Q, Li Q, Dou G, Ma B. Lycium barbarum mitigates radiation injury via regulation of the immune function, gut microbiota, and related metabolites. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111654. [PMID: 33957563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum) has a radioprotective function, although more in-depth investigation is still required. We investigated the radioprotective efficacy of extract of the fruits of L. barbarum (LBE) and its radioprotective mechanisms. Mice were exposed to 8.5 Gy, 5.5 Gy, or 6.0 Gy total body irradiation (TBI), and the survival rate, lymphocyte percentage, amount of cytokines, and viability of the irradiated cells, as well as the gut microbiome and fecal metabolomics were studied. LBE enhanced the survival of the mice exposed to 8.5 Gy γ-ray TBI or 5.5 Gy X-ray TBI. After 6.0 Gy γ-ray TBI, LBE exhibited good immunomodulatory properties, mainly characterized by the accelerated recovery of lymphocyte percentages, and the enhanced expression of immune-related cytokines. LBE reconstituted the gut microbiota of irradiated mice, increased the relative abundance of potentially beneficial genera (e.g., Turicibacter, Akkermansia), and decreased the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacterial genera (e.g., Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group). Beneficial regulatory effects of LBE on the host metabolites were also noted, and the major upregulated metabolites induced by LBE, such as Tetrahydrofolic acid and N-ornithyl-L-taurine, were positively correlated with the immune factor interleukin (IL)-6. In vitro, LBE also increased the vitality of rat small intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) after 4.0 Gy γ-ray irradiation and promoted the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila. These results confirmed a radioprotective function of LBE and indicated that the radioprotective mechanism may be due to immunomodulation and the synergistically modulating effect on the gut microbiota and related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Pang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyun Meng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianzhi Ding
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guifang Dou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
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17
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Mao A, Sun C, Katsube T, Wang B. A Minireview on Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Radiosusceptibility. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820963859. [PMID: 33239996 PMCID: PMC7672743 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820963859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a key role in modulating many important biological processes and functions of the host, such as metabolism, inflammation, immune and stress response. It is becoming increasingly apparent that GI microbiota is susceptible to a wide range of environmental factors and insults, for examples, geographic location of birth, diet, use of antibiotics, and exposure to radiation. Alterations in GI microbiota link to various diseases, including radiation-induced disorders. In addition, GI microbiota composition could be used as a biomarker to estimate radiosusceptibility and radiation health risk in the host. In this minireview, we summarized the documented studies on radiation-induced alterations in GI microbiota and the relationship between GI microbiota and radiosusceptibility of the host, and mainly discussed the possible mechanisms underlying GI microbiota influencing the outcome of radiation response in humans and animal models. Furthermore, we proposed that GI microbiota manipulation may be used to reduce radiation injury and improve the health of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Mao
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Takanori Katsube
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bing Wang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Huang R, Ju Z, Zhou PK. A gut dysbiotic microbiota-based hypothesis of human-to-human transmission of non-communicable diseases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141030. [PMID: 32726703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have replaced communicable diseases as the leading cause of premature death worldwide over the past century. Increasing numbers of studies have reported a link between NCDs and dysbiotic gut microbiota. Some gut microbiota, such as Helicobacter pylori, have been implicated in person-to-person transmission. Based on these reports, we develop a hypothesis regarding dysbiotic microbiota-associated NCDs, and explore how the presence of communicable NCDs could be confirmedexperimentally. We have also reviewed reports on environmental factors, including a high-fat diet, alcohol, smoking, exercise, radiation and air pollution, which have been associated with dysbiotic microbiota, and determined whether any of these parameters were also associated with NCDs. This review discusses the potential mechanism by which dysbiotic microbiota induced by environmental factors are directly or indirectly involved in person-to-person transmission. The hypothetical interplay between the environment, gut microbiota and host can be tested through high-throughput sequencing, animal models, and cell studies, although each of these modalities presents specific challenges. Confirmation of a causative association of dysbiotic microbiota with NCDs would represent a paradigm shift in efforts to prevent and control these diseases, and should stimulate additional studies on the associations among environmental factors, gut microbiota, and NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Zhao Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing 100850, PR China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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19
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Shao L, Li M, Zhang B, Chang P. Bacterial dysbiosis incites Th17 cell revolt in irradiated gut. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110674. [PMID: 32866810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are critical members in mediating immune responses of adaptive immunity. In humans and mice, gut is a main site where Th17 cells are resided, and Th17 cell polarization also occurs in the gut. This process can be mediated by many factors, such as commensal bacteria, dendritic cells and cytokines, such as TGF-β and IL-6. Physiologically, polarized Th17 cells function in anti-infection and maintaining the integrity of intestinal epithelium. However, Th17 cells are plastic. For example, they will become pro-inflammatory cells if being exposed to IL-23. The pathogenic roles of Th17 cells have been well documented in inflammatory bowel disease. Besides, Th17 cells can accumulate in irradiated gut as well. Critically, radiation enteritis and inflammatory bowel disease present several similarities in disease pathology and pathophysiology. Herein, bacterial dysbiosis highly correlates with the pathogenicity of Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease. To our knowledge, radiation serves as a factor in inducing bacterial dysbiosis. Using this action, can Th17 cells be incited to promote inflammation in irradiated gut? In this review, we will sequentially introduce polarization of Th17 cells at steady state, radiation-induced Th17 accumulation in the gut, and advances in the management of radiation enteritis by using pharmacological therapy for bacterial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Boyin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, China.
| | - Pengyu Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, China.
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20
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Ye F, Ning J, Fardous Z, Katsube T, Li Q, Wang B. Citrulline, A Potential Biomarker of Radiation-Induced Small Intestine Damage. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820962341. [PMID: 33013253 PMCID: PMC7513408 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820962341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation damage assessment of the small intestine is important in nuclear accidents or routine radiotherapy of abdominal tumors. This article reviews the clinical symptoms and molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced small intestinal damage and summarizes recent research on biomarkers of such damage. Citrulline is the most promising biomarker for the evaluation of radiation-induced small intestinal damage caused by radiotherapy and nuclear accidents. This article also summarizes the factors influencing plasma citrulline measurement investigated in the latest research, as well as new findings on the concentration of citrulline in saliva and urine after different types of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Jing Ning
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeenath Fardous
- Institute of Food and Radiation
Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy
Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Takanori Katsube
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes
for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Bing Wang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes
for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Gu J, Chen YZ, Zhang ZX, Yang ZX, Duan GX, Qin LQ, Zhao L, Xu JY. At What Dose Can Total Body and Whole Abdominal Irradiation Cause Lethal Intestinal Injury Among C57BL/6J Mice? Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820956783. [PMID: 32973418 PMCID: PMC7493248 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820956783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS To investigate the doses of total body (TBI) and whole abdominal irradiation (WAI) induced lethal intestinal injury, healthy C57BL/6 J mice were divided randomly into 7 groups: control group; 6, 7, and 8 Gy TBI groups; and 5, 10, and 15 Gy WAI groups. The survival length, general conditions, body weight, daily food and water intake of the mice and the histopathological changes of small intestine were observed. RESULTS Lethal injury among C57BL/6 J mice was caused by ≥6 Gy TBI and 15 Gy WAI. Their body weight and food intake decreased, the structure of their small intestinal villi was destroyed, and the number of surviving crypts per circumference of the jejunum decreased in ≥6 Gy TBI groups and 15 Gy WAI group. The mice in the 10 Gy WAI group significantly lost weight within 5 days but recovered slowly thereafter. They also had poor appetite and reversibly damaged intestinal mucosa. CONCLUSIONS Nonlethal intestinal injury could be induced by 10 Gy WAI, whereas lethal intestinal injury could be triggered by ≥6 Gy TBI and >15 Gy WAI in mice. Our results provided a basis for establishing radiation-induced intestinal injury models with C57BL/6 J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zai-Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guang-Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Upadhyay M, Rajagopal M, Gill K, Li Y, Bansal S, Sridharan V, Tyburski JB, Boerma M, Cheema AK. Identification of Plasma Lipidome Changes Associated with Low Dose Space-Type Radiation Exposure in a Murine Model. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060252. [PMID: 32560360 PMCID: PMC7345467 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposures to low dose space radiation may have adverse effects on human health during missions in deep space. Conventional dosimetry, monitoring of prodromal symptoms, and peripheral lymphocyte counts are of limited value as biomarkers of organ- and tissue-specific radiation injury, particularly of injuries that appear weeks or months after radiation exposure. To assess the feasibility of using plasma metabolic and lipidomic profiles as biomarkers of injury from space radiation, we used a mouse model of exposure to low doses of oxygen ions (16O) and protons (1H). Plasma profiles were compared with those of mice exposed to γ-rays as a reference set. Our results demonstrate major changes in glycerophospholipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, as well as fatty acid metabolism. We also observed dyslipidemia and lipid peroxidation, suggesting an inflammatory phenotype with possible long-term consequences to overall health upon exposure to low doses of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarisha Upadhyay
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Meena Rajagopal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Kirandeep Gill
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Yaoxiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Vijayalakshmi Sridharan
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Slot 522-10, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (V.S.); (M.B.)
| | - John B. Tyburski
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Slot 522-10, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (V.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Amrita K. Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (M.U.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (Y.L.); (S.B.); (J.B.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Correspondence:
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23
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Jang BS, Chang JH, Chie EK, Kim K, Park JW, Kim MJ, Song EJ, Nam YD, Kang SW, Jeong SY, Kim HJ. Gut Microbiome Composition Is Associated with a Pathologic Response After Preoperative Chemoradiation in Patients with Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 107:736-746. [PMID: 32315676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are ongoing investigations to find promising biomarkers for predicting a complete response (CR) after concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) in rectal cancer. We aimed to find the predictive value in the gut microbiome in terms of response after preoperative CCRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS We collected a total of 45 fecal samples from patients with rectal cancer before CCRT. Tumor response after CCRT was assessed according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor regression grading system. Analysis of linear discriminant analysis effect size and MetaCyc pathway abundance predictions were performed to compare composition and metabolic function of microbiome between patients with and without CR. We also established a Bayesian network model to identify microbial networks and species to be related with CCRT response. RESULTS Seven patients (15.6%) demonstrated pathologically CR, and 38 patients (84.4%) showed non-CR after preoperative CCRT. Between CR and non-CR patients, there was a significant difference in terms of β-diversity (P = .028), but no difference in α-diversity was found. Bacteroidales (Bacteroidaceae, Rikenellaceae, Bacteroides) were relatively more abundant in patients with non-CR than those with CR. Pathways related to anabolic function predominated in CR patients. According to Bayesian network analysis, Duodenibacillus massiliensis was linked with the improved CR rate. CONCLUSIONS From the fecal microbiome using samples obtained before preoperative CCRT, differences in microbial community composition and functions were observed between patients with and without CR in rectal cancer. However, the finding that a specific taxon may be linked with the improved therapeutic response should be verified in a prospective setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Sup Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Kyu Chie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyubo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea; Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea; Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Korea
| | - Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Nursing, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Jae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Dai X, Huang R, Hu S, Zhou Y, Sun X, Gui P, Yu Z, Zhou P. A novel miR-0308-3p revealed by miRNA-seq of HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma suppresses cell proliferation and promotes G1/S arrest by targeting double CDK6/Cyclin D1 genes. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:24. [PMID: 32128112 PMCID: PMC7047384 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) accounts for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the molecular mechanisms underlying liver carcinogenesis are still not completely understood. Increasing evidence demonstrates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant functional roles in virus–host interactions. The aim of this study was to explore differentially expressed miRNA profiles and investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-0308-3p in HBV-positive HCC carcinogenesis. Methods High-throughput sequencing was used to detect novel miRNAs in three samples of HBV-positive HCC tissue compared to matched HBV-negative HCC tissue. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to mine miRNAs related to HBV-positive HCC. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to predict the miRNAs’ possible biological and pathway regulatory functions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was then applied to evaluate the expression levels of randomly selected miRNAs. CCK-8 was used to measure cell proliferation and cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry. A dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the downstream targets of miR-0308-3p. Results In total, there were 34 overlapping miRNAs in both our miRNA-seq data and the TCGA database. We found two overlapping miRNAs in both the HBV-positive HCC samples and the TCGA database, and 205 novel pre-miRNA sequences were predicted. miR-522 and miR-523 were markedly overexpressed in HBV-positive HCC and were associated with a significantly poorer long-term prognosis (miR-522, HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.33–3.6, p = 0.0015; miR-523HR 1.5, 95% CI 1–2.44, p = 0.0047). Of note, we found that the novel miR-0308-3p was markedly downregulated in HBV-positive HCC samples and HCC cancer cell lines compared with HBV-negative HCC samples and adjacent normal hepatic tissue. Moreover, elevated expression of miR-0308-3p was found to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells by promoting G1/S cell cycle arrest but did not influence the apoptosis of cancer cells. A dual luciferase reporter activity assay identified that miR-0308-3p acted directly on the target sequence of the CDK6 and Cyclin D1 mRNA 3ʹUTR to suppress CDK6 and Cyclin D1 expression. Conclusions MiR-0308-3p upregulation dramatically suppressed HCC cell proliferation and induced G1/S cell cycle arrest by directly targeting CDK6/Cyclin D1. These findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism for activation of G1/S arrest in HCC and may prove clinically useful for developing new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Dai
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Sai Hu
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhou
- 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078 China
| | - Xiaoya Sun
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China
| | - Pucheng Gui
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Yu
- 1The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Pingkun Zhou
- 3Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850 People's Republic of China
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25
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Zhao Z, Cheng W, Qu W, Shao G, Liu S. Antibiotic Alleviates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Remodeling Microbiota, Reducing Inflammation, and Inhibiting Fibrosis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2967-2977. [PMID: 32095719 PMCID: PMC7033964 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury is a common complication of abdominal radiation therapy. However, the pathological features of radiation-induced intestinal injury and its therapeutic regimen are not very clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antibiotic pretreatment on radiation-induced intestinal injury. Abdominal radiation disrupted the intestinal microbiota balance and significantly reduced bacterial diversity in mice. Antibiotic cocktail (Abx) pretreatment effectively removed the intestinal microbiota of mice, and metronidazole also reduced the diversity of intestinal bacteria to some extent. Two antibiotic pretreatment regimens improved the reconstitution ability of the gut microbiota in mice after radiation. Further experiments showed that Abx pretreatment effectively reduced the content of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in the ileum. In addition, Abx pretreatment regulated macrophage cell polarization in the ileum, downregulated TGF-β1, phosphorylated Smad-3 and α-SMA protein levels, and upregulated E-cadherin protein expression. Eventually, Abx pretreatment significantly improved the survival rate and attenuated intestinal injury of mice after radiation by reducing inflammation and preventing intestinal fibrosis. These results revealed that antibiotic pretreatment can effectively alleviate gut microbiota turbulence and intestinal damage caused by abdominal radiation in mice. Collectively, these findings add to our understanding of the pathogenesis of radiation enteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Zhao
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department
of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department
of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital
of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
| | - Guoyi Shao
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
- E-mail: (G.S.)
| | - Shuanghai Liu
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
- E-mail: (S.L.)
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26
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Jones CB, Davis CM, Sfanos KS. The Potential Effects of Radiation on the Gut-Brain Axis. Radiat Res 2020; 193:209-222. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15493.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine M. Davis
- Division of Behavioral Biology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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