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Wu F, Li Z, Chen X, Si X, Lin S. Untargeted metabolomics reveals sour jujube kernel benefiting the nutritional value and flavor of Morchella esculenta. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220708. [PMID: 37671097 PMCID: PMC10476485 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleosides, organic acids, and amino acids separated from Morchella esculenta are well known for their nutritional value and flavor. However, how to increase their content in a better way has been a challenge. In this study, the effect of adding jujube kernel on the active components of M. esculenta was investigated by untargeted metabolomics using UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 1,243 metabolites were identified, of which 262 metabolites (21.078%) were organic acids and derivatives, 245 metabolites (19.71%) were lipids and lipid-like molecules, and 26 metabolites (2.092%) were nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues. Subsequently, differential metabolites between groups were screened by the orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis model, which showed that 256 metabolites were identified as significantly different for the positive ion model and 149 for the negative ion model. Moreover, significant differential metabolites (VIP > 1, P < 0.05) in annotation of kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway were investigated, which showed that ABC transporters were the most commonly observed transporters, followed by pyrimidine metabolism and purine metabolism. The results indicated that the main components of jujube kernel might be conducive to the accumulation of nucleoside organic acids and amino acid metabolites in M. esculenta. These results provide important information for the understanding of more suitable way for cultivation of M. esculenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinlei Si
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Zhi Y, Chuanjiang Z, Xinfang Y, Mengyi D, Zhenlei W, Fenfen Y, Cuiyun W, Jiurui W, Mengjun L, Minjuan L. Genetic analysis of mixed models of fruit sugar-acid fractions in a cross between jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and wild jujube ( Z. acido jujuba). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181903. [PMID: 37251778 PMCID: PMC10213531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), an economically significant species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. The sugar and acid concentrations in jujube are considerably higher than those in other plants. Due to the low kernel rate, it is extremely difficult to establish hybrid populations. Little is known about jujube evolution and domestication, particularly with regard to the role of the sugar and acid components of jujube. Therefore, we used cover net control as a hybridization technique for the cross-breeding of Ziziphus jujuba Mill and 'JMS2' and (Z. acido jujuba) 'Xing16' to obtain an F1 population (179 hybrid progeny). The sugar and acid levels in the F1 and parent fruit were determined by HPLC. The coefficient of variation ranged from 28.4 to 93.9%. The sucrose and quinic acid levels in the progeny were higher than those in the parents. The population showed continuous distributions with transgressive segregation on both sides. Analysis by the mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model was performed. It was found that glucose is controlled by one additive-dominant major gene and polygenes, malic acid is controlled by two additive-dominant major genes and polygenes, and oxalic acid and quinic acid are controlled by two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes and polygenes. The results of this study provide insights into the genetic predisposition and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of sugar acids in jujube fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhi
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhang Chuanjiang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yang Xinfang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dong Mengyi
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wang Zhenlei
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan Fenfen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wu Cuiyun
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wang Jiurui
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Liu Mengjun
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Minjuan
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, the Production Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Plant Science of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Basin Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang, China
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