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Guo Q, Sun Y, Zhang J, Li Y. Variation of phenotypic and physiological traits of Robinia pseudoacacia L. from 20 provenances. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262278. [PMID: 34986177 PMCID: PMC8730420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To select elite Robinia pseudoacacia L. germplasm resources for production, 13 phenotypes and three physiological indicators of 214 seedlings from 20 provenances were systematically evaluated and analyzed. The leaf phenotypic and physiological coefficients of variation among the genotypes ranged from 3.741% to 19.599% and from 8.260% to 42.363%, respectively. The Kentucky provenance had the largest coefficient of variation (18.541%). The average differentiation coefficients between and within provenances were 34.161% and 38.756%, respectively. These close percentages showed that R. pseudoacacia presented high genetic variation among and within provenances, which can be useful for assisted migration and breeding programs. Furthermore, based on the results of correlations, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, breeding improvements targeting R. pseudoacacia’s ornamental value, food value, and stress resistance of were performed. Forty and 30 excellent individuals, accounting for 18.692% and 14.019%, respectively, of the total resources. They were ultimately screened, after comprehensively taking into considering leaf phenotypic traits including compound leaf length, leaflet number and leaflet area and physiological characteristics including proline and soluble protein contents. These selected individuals could provide a base material for improved variety conservation and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- College of Agriculture/Tree Peony, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- Henan Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (YL)
| | - Yun Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JZ); (YL)
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Transcriptome Analysis for Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. Seedlings from Different Carbon Sequestration Provenances in Response to Nitrogen Deficiency. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of high-carbon (C) sequestration Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. (F. mandshurica) provenance and the expression profile of F. mandshurica during nitrogen (N) starvation, the foliage and roots of the annual Wuchang (WC) seedlings with greater C amount and Hailin (HL) seedlings with smaller C amount, which were grown in N-deficient nutrition and complete N, were used for RNA-seq and physiological determination, respectively. One thousand and fifty-seven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WC and HL and 8173 DEGs related to N deficiency were identified, respectively. The root of F. mandshurica responded to N deficiency more strongly than foliar. The target genes that responded to N deficiency in roots were mainly regulatory genes (transcription factors, hormones and protein kinases), and their response patterns were upregulated. The growth and N concentration in both WC and HL were reduced by the N deficiency, which might result from the decrease of the leaf Nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) enzyme activity and ABA content, although the root-to-shoot ratio; lateral root number; lignin content; endogenous hormones content (GA, IAA and ZR); root GS and glutamate synthetase activity and transcriptional level of most of the regulatory genes were increased. The C sequestration capacity in WC was greater than that in HL, which related to the higher GS enzymes activity and transcriptional levels of regulatory genes and metabolic genes (terpenes, carbohydrates, and lipid energy). However, the C sequestration advantage of WC was significantly reduced by the N deficiency, which was due to the smaller response to N deficiency compared to HL.
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Wang MH, Wang JR, Zhang XW, Zhang AP, Sun S, Zhao CM. Phenotypic plasticity of stomatal and photosynthetic features of four Picea species in two contrasting common gardens. AOB PLANTS 2019; 11:plz034. [PMID: 31308925 PMCID: PMC6621916 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is expected to affect mountain ecosystems significantly. Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of any genotype to produce a variety of phenotypes under different environmental conditions, is critical in determining the ability of species to acclimate to current climatic changes. Here, to simulate the impact of climate change, we compared the physiology of species of the genus Picea from different provenances and climatic conditions and quantified their phenotypic plasticity index (PPI) in two contrasting common gardens (dry vs. wet), and then considered phenotypic plastic effects on their future adaptation. The mean PPI of the photosynthetic features studied was higher than that of the stomatal features. Species grown in the arid and humid common gardens were differentiated: the stomatal length (SL) and width (SW) on the adaxial surface, the transpiration rate (Tr) and leaf mass per area (LMA) were more highly correlated with rainfall than other traits. There were no significant relationships between the observed plasticity and the species' original habitat, except in P. crassifolia (from an arid habitat) and P. asperata (from a humid habitat). Picea crassifolia exhibited enhanced instantaneous efficiency of water use (PPI = 0.52) and the ratio of photosynthesis to respiration (PPI = 0.10) remained constant; this species was, therefore, considered to the one best able to acclimate when faced with the effects of climate change. The other three species exhibited reduced physiological activity when exposed to water limitation. These findings indicate how climate change affects the potential roles of plasticity in determining plant physiology, and provide a basis for future reforestation efforts in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Ru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao Wei Zhang
- Forestry College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ai Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chang Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
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Ribeiro MM, Roque N, Ribeiro S, Gavinhos C, Castanheira I, Quinta-Nova L, Albuquerque T, Gerassis S. Bioclimatic modeling in the Last Glacial Maximum, Mid-Holocene and facing future climatic changes in the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210062. [PMID: 30625214 PMCID: PMC6326469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing forest wildfires in Portugal remain a growing concern since forests in the Mediterranean region are vulnerable to recent global warming and reduction of precipitation. Therefore, a long-term negative effect is expected on the vegetation, with increasing drought and areas burnt by fires. The strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) is particularly used in Portugal to produce a spirit by processing its fruits and is the main income for forestry owners. Other applications are possible due to the fruit and leaves’ anti-oxidant properties and bioactive compounds production, with a potential for clinical and food uses. It is a sclerophyllous plant, dry-adapted and fire resistant, enduring the Mediterranean climate, and recently considered as a possibility for afforestation, to intensify forest discontinuity where pines and eucalypts monoculture dominate the region. To improve our knowledge about the species’ spatial distribution we used 318 plots (the centroid of a 1 km2 square grid) measuring the species presence and nine environmental attributes. The seven bioclimatic variables most impacting on the species distribution and two topographic features, slope and altitude, were used. The past, current and future climate data were obtained through WorldClim. Finally, the vulnerability of the strawberry tree to the effects of global climate change was examined in the face of two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5), to predict distribution changes in the years 2050 and 2070, using a species distribution models (MaxEnt). The reduction of suitable habitat for this species is significant in the southern regions, considering the future scenarios of global warming. Central and northern mountainous regions are putative predicted refuges for this species. Forest policy and management should reflect the impact of climate change on the usable areas for forestry, particularly considering species adapted to the Mediterranean regions and wildfires, such as the strawberry tree. The distribution of the species in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Mid-Holocene (MH) agrees with previous genetic and paleontological studies in the region, which support putative refuges for the species. Two in the southern and coastal-central regions, since the LGM, and one in the east-central mountainous region, considered as cryptic refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Margarida Ribeiro
- Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Quinta da Senhora de Mércules, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS) - Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Natália Roque
- Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Ribeiro
- Centro de Investigação em Agronomia, Alimentos, Ambiente e Paisagem (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gavinhos
- Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Isabel Castanheira
- Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS) - Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Luís Quinta-Nova
- Departamento de Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS) - Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Teresa Albuquerque
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior de Tecnologia, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Saki Gerassis
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Vigo University, Lagoas, Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
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Santiso X, Lopez L, Retuerto R, Barreiro R. Population Structure of a Widespread Species under Balancing Selection: The Case of Arbutus unedo L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1264. [PMID: 26793231 PMCID: PMC4710743 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Arbutus unedo L. is an evergreen shrub with a circum-Mediterranean distribution that also reaches the Eurosiberian region in northern Iberia, Atlantic France, and a disjunct population in southern Ireland. Due to the variety of climatic conditions across its distribution range, the populations of A. unedo were expected to display local adaptation. Conversely, common garden experiments revealed that diverse genotypes from a range of provenances produce similar phenotypes through adaptive plasticity, suggesting the action of stabilizing selection across its climatically heterogeneous range. Nonetheless, since a uniform response might also result from extensive gene flow, we have inferred the population structure of A. unedo and assessed whether its extended and largely one-dimensional range influences gene flow with the help of AFLP genotypes for 491 individuals from 19 populations covering the whole range of the species. As we had anticipated, gene flow is restricted in A. unedo, providing further support to the hypothesis that stabilizing selection is the most likely explanation for the homogeneous phenotypes along the range. The Euro-Siberian populations were not particularly isolated from the Mediterranean. Instead, there was a distinct genetic divide between the populations around the Mediterranean Sea and those sampled along Atlantic coasts from northern Africa up to Ireland. This genetic structure suggests the action of historic rather than biogeographic factors as it seems consistent with a scenario of independent glacial refugia in the Atlantic and Mediterranean portions of the range of A. unedo. Genetic exchange was likewise restricted within each set of populations. Nevertheless, isolation-by-distance (IBD) was stronger, and F ST increased faster with distance, along the Atlantic, suggesting that gene flow might be larger among Mediterranean populations. Genetic diversity was significantly lower in NW Iberia and Ireland than in other populations whereas Ireland was more closely related to populations in NW Iberia than to a population in Atlantic France, suggesting a postglacial stepping-stone colonization of the Atlantic coast. Altogether, our results show that stabilizing selection is able to homogenize the phenotypic response even when population structure is strong, gene flow is constrained, and the phylogeographic past is complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Santiso
- Facultad de Biología, Área de Ecología, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lua Lopez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Área de Ecología, Universidade da CoruñaA Coruña, Spain
- Department of Plant Systematics and Biodiversity, Center for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Rubén Retuerto
- Facultad de Biología, Área de Ecología, Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Barreiro
- Facultad de Ciencias, Área de Ecología, Universidade da CoruñaA Coruña, Spain
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