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Al Yazidi L, Al Sinani S, Al Adawi B, Al Riyami M, Wali Y, Al Rawas A, Al Musalhi B, Meis JF, Al Housni S, Al-Harrasi A, Al Hatmi AMS. Disseminated Basidiobolomycosis Caused by Basidiobolus omanensis in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Case Report and Literature Review. Mycopathologia 2024; 189:12. [PMID: 38231359 PMCID: PMC10794288 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Basidiobolomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection caused by the genus Basidiobolus. In immunocompetent children, it usually causes cutaneous infection and rarely affects the gastrointestinal tract, and it is extremely rare for the disease to spread. The present study reports the first case of disseminated basidiobolomycosis caused by Basidiobolus omanensis in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who died as a result of uncontrolled infection and multi-organ failure despite surgical and antifungal therapy with L-AMB and voriconazole. A review of the literature yielded 76 cases, including the current case with the majority of which were reported as invasive gastrointestinal infection. The median age was 4 years (61 male and 15 female) and the majority of these children were from the Middle East (80%), specifically Saudi Arabia (45%). Most patients were treated with systemic antifungal agents (mostly itraconazole and amphotericin B). Surgical intervention was done in 25% of these patients and the death rate was 12%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Badriya Al Adawi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Marwa Al Riyami
- Department of Pathology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yasser Wali
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Buthaina Al Musalhi
- Department of Family Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Center of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saif Al Housni
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdullah M S Al Hatmi
- Center of Expertise in Mycology, Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.
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