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Shen L, Zhang LH, Xia X, Yang SX, Yang X. Cytochrome P450 SmCYP78A7a positively functions in eggplant response to salt stress via forming a positive feedback loop with SmWRKY11. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132139. [PMID: 38719008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating salinity in soil critically affected growth, development, and yield in plant. However, the mechanisms of plant against salt stress largely remain unknown. Herein, we identified a gene named SmCYP78A7a, which encoded a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and belonged to the CYP78A sub-family, and its transcript level was significantly up-regulated by salt stress and down-regulated by dehydration stress. SmCYP78A7a located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Silencing of SmCYP78A7a enhanced susceptibility of eggplant to salt stress, and significantly down-regulated the transcript levels of salt stress defense related genes SmGSTU10 and SmWRKY11 as well as increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and decreased catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activities. In addition, SmCYP78A7a transient expression enhanced eggplant tolerance to salt stress. By chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR (ChIP-PCR), luciferase reporter assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), SmWRKY11 activated SmCYP78A7a expression by directly binding to the W-box 6-8 (W-box 6, W-box 7, and W-box 8) within SmCYP78A7a promoter to confer eggplant tolerance to salt stress. In summary, our finds reveal that SmCYP78A7a positively functions in eggplant response to salt stress via forming a positive feedback loop with SmWRKY11, and provide a new insight into regulatory mechanisms of eggplant to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Long-Hao Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xin Xia
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shi-Xin Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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2
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Shen L, Yang S, Zhao E, Xia X, Yang X. StoMYB41 positively regulates the Solanum torvum response to Verticillium dahliae in an ABA dependent manner. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130072. [PMID: 38346615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
MYB transcription factor despite their solid involvement in growth are potent regulator of plant stress response. Herein, we identified a MYB gene named as StoMYB41 in a wild eggplant species Solanum torvum. The expression level of StoMYB41 was higher in root than the tissues including stem, leaf, and seed. It induced significantly by Verticillium dahliae inoculation. StoMYB41 was localized in the nucleus and exhibited transcriptional activation activity. Silencing of StoMYB41 enhanced susceptibility of Solanum torvum against Verticillium dahliae, accompanied by higher disease index. The significant down-regulation of resistance marker gene StoABR1 comparing to the control plants was recorded in the silenced plants. Moreover, transient expression of StoMYB41 could trigger intense hypersensitive reaction mimic cell death, darker DAB and trypan blue staining, higher ion leakage, and induced the expression levels of StoABR1 and NbDEF1 in the leaves of Solanum torvum and Nicotiana benthamiana. Taken together, our data indicate that StoMYB41 acts as a positive regulator in Solanum torvum against Verticillium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Shixin Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Enpeng Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xin Xia
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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3
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Shen L, Xia X, Zhang L, Yang S, Yang X. SmWRKY11 acts as a positive regulator in eggplant response to salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 205:108209. [PMID: 38006793 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most threatening abiotic stresses to plants, which can seriously affect plant growth, development, reproduction, and yield. However, the mechanisms of plant against salt stress largely remain unclear. Herein, SmWRKY11, an assumed WRKY transcription factor, was functionally characterized in eggplant against salt stress. SmWRKY11 was significantly up-regulated by salt, dehydration stress, and ABA treatment. SmWRKY11 located in the nucleus, and the Plant_zn_clust conserved domain exhibited transcriptional activation activity. Silencing of SmWRKY11 enhanced the susceptibility of eggplant to salt stress, accompanied by significantly down-regulation of transcript expression levels of salt stress defense-related genes SmNCED1, SmGSTU10, and positive regulator of salt stress response SmERF1 as well as increase of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and decrease of the enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). In addition, silencing of SmERF1 also could significantly down-regulate SmWRKY11 expression in eggplant response to salt stress. By luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR assay, SmERF1 expression was found to be indirectly activated by SmWRKY11. These data indicate that SmWRKY11 acts as a positive regulator by forming positive feedback loop with SmERF1 via an indirect regulatory manner in eggplant response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xin Xia
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Longhao Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Shixin Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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4
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Zhang Y, Guo S, Zhang F, Gan P, Li M, Wang C, Li H, Gao G, Wang X, Kang Z, Zhang X. CaREM1.4 interacts with CaRIN4 to regulate Ralstonia solanacearum tolerance by triggering cell death in pepper. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad053. [PMID: 37213684 PMCID: PMC10199716 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Remorins, plant-specific proteins, have a significant role in conferring on plants the ability to adapt to adverse environments. However, the precise function of remorins in resistance to biological stress remains largely unknown. Eighteen CaREM genes were identified in pepper genome sequences based on the C-terminal conserved domain that is specific to remorin proteins in this research. Phylogenetic relations, chromosomal localization, motif, gene structures, and promoter regions of these remorins were analyzed and a remorin gene, CaREM1.4, was cloned for further study. The transcription of CaREM1.4 in pepper was induced by infection with Ralstonia solanacearum. Knocking down CaREM1.4 in pepper using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technologies reduced the resistance of pepper plants to R. solanacearum and downregulated the expression of immunity-associated genes. Conversely, transient overexpression of CaREM1.4 in pepper and Nicotiana benthamiana plants triggered hypersensitive response-mediated cell death and upregulated expression of defense-related genes. In addition, CaRIN4-12, which interacted with CaREM1.4 at the plasma membrane and cell nucleus, was knocked down with VIGS, decreasing the susceptibility of Capsicum annuum to R. solanacearum. Furthermore, CaREM1.4 reduced ROS production by interacting with CaRIN4-12 upon co-injection in pepper. Taken together, our findings suggest that CaREM1.4 may function as a positive regulator of the hypersensitive response, and it interacts with CaRIN4-12, which negatively regulates plant immune responses of pepper to R. solanacearum. Our study provides new evidence for comprehending the molecular regulatory network of plant cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangyuan Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Gan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Huankun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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Huang Y, Cai W, Lu Q, Lv J, Wan M, Guan D, Yang S, He S. PMT6 Is Required for SWC4 in Positively Modulating Pepper Thermotolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054849. [PMID: 36902276 PMCID: PMC10003703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperature stress (HTS), with growth and development impairment, is one of the most important abiotic stresses frequently encountered by plants, in particular solanacaes such as pepper, that mainly distribute in tropical and subtropical regions. Plants activate thermotolerance to cope with this stress; however, the underlying mechanism is currently not fully understood. SWC4, a shared component of SWR1- and NuA4 complexes implicated in chromatin remodeling, was previously found to be involved in the regulation of pepper thermotolerance, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein, PMT6, a putative methyltranferase was originally found to interact with SWC4 by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP)-combined LC/MS assay. This interaction was further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescent complimentary (BiFC) and Co-IP assay, and PMT6 was further found to confer SWC4 methylation. By virus-induced gene silencing, it was found that PMT6 silencing significantly reduced pepper basal thermotolerance and transcription of CaHSP24 and significantly reduced the enrichment of chromatin-activation-related H3K9ac, H4K5ac, and H3K4me3 in TSS of CaHSP24, which was previously found to be positively regulated by CaSWC4. By contrast, the overexpression of PMT6 significantly enhanced basal thermotolerance of pepper plants. All these data indicate that PMT6 acts as a positive regulator in pepper thermotolerance, likely by methylating SWC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiaoling Lu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meiyun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (S.H.)
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6
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Son S, Park SR. Climate change impedes plant immunity mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032820. [PMID: 36523631 PMCID: PMC9745204 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapid climate change caused by human activity is threatening global crop production and food security worldwide. In particular, the emergence of new infectious plant pathogens and the geographical expansion of plant disease incidence result in serious yield losses of major crops annually. Since climate change has accelerated recently and is expected to worsen in the future, we have reached an inflection point where comprehensive preparations to cope with the upcoming crisis can no longer be delayed. Development of new plant breeding technologies including site-directed nucleases offers the opportunity to mitigate the effects of the changing climate. Therefore, understanding the effects of climate change on plant innate immunity and identification of elite genes conferring disease resistance are crucial for the engineering of new crop cultivars and plant improvement strategies. Here, we summarize and discuss the effects of major environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration on plant immunity systems. This review provides a strategy for securing crop-based nutrition against severe pathogen attacks in the era of climate change.
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7
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Shen L, Zhao E, Liu R, Yang X. Transcriptome Analysis of Eggplant under Salt Stress: AP2/ERF Transcription Factor SmERF1 Acts as a Positive Regulator of Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2205. [PMID: 36079586 PMCID: PMC9460861 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress, a type of abiotic stress, impedes plant growth and development and strongly reduces crop yield. The molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to salt stress remain largely unclear. To characterize the enriched pathways and genes that were affected during salt treatment, we performed mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) in eggplant roots and identified 8509 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the mock and 24 h under salt stress. Among these DEGs, we found that the AP2/ERF transcription factor family member SmERF1 belongs to the plant-pathogen interaction pathway, which was significantly upregulated by salt stress. We found that SmERF1 localizes in the nuclei with transcriptional activity. The results of the virus-induced gene silencing assay showed that SmERF1 silencing markedly enhanced the susceptibility of plants to salt stress, significantly downregulated the transcript expression levels of salt stress defense-related marker genes (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase [SmNCED1, SmNCED2], Dehydrin [SmDHN1], and Dehydrin (SmDHNX1), and reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Silencing SmERF1 promoted the generation of H2O2 and proline. In addition, the transient overexpression of SmERF1 triggered intense cell death in eggplant leaves, as assessed by the darker diaminobenzidine and trypan blue staining. These findings suggest that SmERF1 acts as a positive regulator of eggplant response to salt stress. Hence, our results suggest that AP2/ERF transcription factors play a vital role in the response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Enpeng Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruie Liu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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8
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Xiaohui Y, Jie H, Huixiao Y, Huanqin L, Fang X, Baozhu Z, Xiuyu X, Lei Z, Huayi H, Qingzhang D, Wen P. Transcriptome and metabolome profiling in different stages of infestation of Eucalyptus urophylla clones by Ralstonia solanacearum. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1081-1100. [PMID: 35616707 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Eucalyptus urophylla is an economically important tree species that widely planted in tropical and sub-tropical areas around the world, which suffers significant losses due to Ralstonia solanacearum. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of pathogen-response of Eucalyptus. We collected the vascular tissues of a E. urophylla clone infected by R. solanacearum in the laboratory, and combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the defense responses of Eucalyptus. A total of 11 flavonoids that differentially accumulated at the first stage or a later stage after infection. The phenylpropanoid of p-coumaraldehyde, the two alkaloids trigonelline and DL-ephedrine, two types of traditional Chinese medicine with patchouli alcohol and 3-dihydrocadambine, and the amino acid phenylalanine were differentially accumulated after infection, which could be biomarkers indicating a response to R. solanacearum. Differentially expressed genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and amino acid metabolism were activated at the first stage of infection or a later stage, indicating that they may participate in the defense against infection. This study is expected to deliver several insights into the molecular mechanism in response to pathogens in E. urophylla, and the findings have far-reaching implications in the control of E. urophylla pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiaohui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Jie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Huixiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liao Huanqin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Baozhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Xiuyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Lei
- Dongmen State Forestry Farm of Guangxi Zhuang, No. 10, Jinlong Road, Fusui, 532108, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Huayi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Qingzhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China. .,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Pan Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan First Road, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Liao H, Wen X, Deng X, Wu Y, Xu J, Li X, Zhou S, Li X, Zhu C, Luo F, Ma Y, Zheng J. Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal significant changes in chloroplasts and mitochondria of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) during Sclerotium rolfsii infection. J Microbiol 2022; 60:511-525. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1603-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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CabZIP23 Integrates in CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 Cascade and Turns CabZIP63 on Mounting Pepper Immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum via Physical Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052656. [PMID: 35269798 PMCID: PMC8910381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CabZIP63 and CaWRKY40 were previously found to be shared in the pepper defense response to high temperature stress (HTS) and to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation (RSI), forming a transcriptional cascade. However, how they activate the two distinct defense responses is not fully understood. Herein, using a revised genetic approach, we functionally characterized CabZIP23 in the CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 cascade and its context specific pepper immunity activation against RSI by interaction with CabZIP63. CabZIP23 was originally found by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry to be an interacting protein of CabZIP63-GFP; it was upregulated by RSI and acted positively in pepper immunity against RSI by virus induced gene silencing in pepper plants, and transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. By chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA), CabZIP23 was found to be directly regulated by CaWRKY40, and CabZIP63 was directly regulated by CabZIP23, forming a positive feedback loop. CabZIP23-CabZIP63 interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) and bimolecular fluorescent complimentary (BiFC) assays, which promoted CabZIP63 binding immunity related target genes, including CaPR1, CaNPR1 and CaWRKY40, thereby enhancing pepper immunity against RSI, but not affecting the expression of thermotolerance related CaHSP24. All these data appear to show that CabZIP23 integrates in the CabZIP63-CaWRKY40 cascade and the context specifically turns it on mounting pepper immunity against RSI.
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11
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Yang S, Cai W, Shen L, Cao J, Liu C, Hu J, Guan D, He S. A CaCDPK29-CaWRKY27b module promotes CaWRKY40-mediated thermotolerance and immunity to Ralstonia solanacearum in pepper. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1843-1863. [PMID: 34854082 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CaWRKY40 in pepper (Capsicum annuum) promotes immune responses to Ralstonia solanacearum infection (RSI) and to high-temperature, high-humidity (HTHH) stress, but how it interacts with upstream signalling components remains poorly understood. Here, using approaches of reverse genetics, biochemical and molecular biology we functionally characterised the relationships among the WRKYGMK-containing WRKY protein CaWRKY27b, the calcium-dependent protein kinase CaCDPK29, and CaWRKY40 during pepper response to RSI or HTHH. Our data indicate that CaWRKY27b is upregulated and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon phosphorylation of Ser137 in the nuclear localisation signal by CaCDPK29. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays and microscale thermophoresis, we observed that, due to the replacement of Q by M in the conserved WRKYGQK, CaWRKY27b in the nucleus failed to bind to W-boxes in the promoters of immunity- and thermotolerance-related marker genes. Instead, CaWRKY27b interacted with CaWRKY40 and promoted its binding and positive regulation of the tested marker genes including CaNPR1, CaDEF1 and CaHSP24. Notably, mutation of the WRKYGMK motif in CaWRKY27b to WRKYGQK restored the W-box binding ability. Our data therefore suggest that CaWRKY27b is phosphorylated by CaCDPK29 and acts as a transcriptional activator of CaWRKY40 during the pepper response to RSI and HTHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Lei Shen
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Jianshen Cao
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Cailing Liu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Jiong Hu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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12
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Mou S, Meng Q, Gao F, Zhang T, He W, Guan D, He S. A cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinase CaCKR5 modulates immune response against Ralstonia solanacearum infection in pepper. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:382. [PMID: 34412592 PMCID: PMC8375189 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) represent a large subfamily of receptor-like kinases and play vital roles in diverse physiological processes in regulating plant growth and development. RESULTS CaCRK5 transcripts were induced in pepper upon the infection of Ralstonia solanacearum and treatment with salicylic acid. The fusions between CaCRK5 and green fluorescence protein were targeted to the plasma membrane. Suppression of CaCRK5 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) made pepper plants significantly susceptible to R. solanacearum infection, which was accompanied with decreased expression of defense related genes CaPR1, CaSAR8.2, CaDEF1 and CaACO1. Overexpression of CaCRK5 increased resistance against R. solanacearum in Nicotiana benthamiana. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that a homeodomain zipper I protein CaHDZ27 can active the expression of CaCRK5 through directly binding to its promoter. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses suggested that CaCRK5 heterodimerized with the homologous member CaCRK6 on the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that CaCRK5 played a positive role in regulating immune responses against R. solanacearum infection in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Mou
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Meng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, National Education Minister, Comprehensive Utilization Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
- College of Agriculture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Yang S, Zhang Y, Cai W, Liu C, Hu J, Shen L, Huang X, Guan D, He S. CaWRKY28 Cys249 is Required for Interaction with CaWRKY40 in the Regulation of Pepper Immunity to Ralstonia solanacearum. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:733-745. [PMID: 33555219 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-20-0361-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors have been implicated in plant response to pathogens but how WRKY-mediated networks are organized and operate to produce appropriate transcriptional outputs remains largely unclear. Here, we identify a member of the WRKY family from pepper (Capsicum annuum), CaWRKY28, that physically interacts with CaWRKY40, a positive regulator of pepper immunity and thermotolerance. We confirmed CaWRKY28-CaWRKY40 interaction by coimmunoprecipitation, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and microscale thermophoresis. Our findings supported the idea that CaWRKY28 is a nuclear protein that acts as positive regulator in pepper responses to infection by the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. It performs its function not by directly modulating the W-box containing immunity-related genes but by promoting CaWRKY40 via physical interaction to bind and activate its immunity-related target genes, including CaPR1, CaNPR1, CaDEF1, and CaABR1, but not its thermotolerance-related target gene, CaHSP24. All of these data indicate that CaWRKY28 interacts with and potentiates CaWRKY40 in regulating immunity against R. solanacearum infection but not thermotolerance. Importantly, we discovered that CaWRKY28 Cys249, shared by CaWRKY28 and its orthologs probably only in the family Solanaceae, is crucial for the CaWRKY28-CaWRKY40 interaction. These results highlight how CaWRKY28 associates with CaWRKY40 during the establishment of WRKY networks, and how CaWRKY40 achieves its functional specificity during pepper responses to R. solanacearum infection.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Yangwen Zhang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Cailing Liu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Jiong Hu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Lei Shen
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Xueying Huang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Deyi Guan
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Agricultural College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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14
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Cai H, Huang Y, Chen F, Liu L, Chai M, Zhang M, Yan M, Aslam M, He Q, Qin Y. ERECTA signaling regulates plant immune responses via chromatin-mediated promotion of WRKY33 binding to target genes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:737-756. [PMID: 33454980 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathway mediated by the receptor-like kinase ERECTA (ER) plays important roles in plant immune responses, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Genetic interactions between ER signaling and the chromatin remodeling complex SWR1 in the control of plant immune responses were studied. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and yeast one-hybrid analysis were applied to identify ER-WRKY33 downstream components. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses were further investigated. In this study, we show that the chromatin remodeling complex SWR1 enhances resistance to the white mold fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Arabidopsis thaliana via a process mediated by ER signaling. We identify a series of WRKY33 target YODA DOWNSTREAM (YDD) genes and demonstrate that SWR1 and ER signaling are required to enrich H2A.Z histone variant and H3K4me3 histone modification at YDDs and the binding of WRKY33 to YDD promoters upon S. sclerotiorum infection. We also reveal that the binding of WRKY33 to YDD promoters in turn promotes the enrichment of H2A.Z and H3K4me3 at YDD genes, thereby forming a positive regulatory loop to activate YDDs expression. Our study reveals how H2A.Z, H3K4me3 and ER signaling mutually regulate YDDs gene expression upon pathogen infection, highlighting the critical role of chromatin structure in ER-signaling-mediated plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Youmei Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Fangqian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liping Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mengnan Chai
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Man Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Maokai Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qing He
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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15
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Fu Y, Zhang L, Wang G, Lin Y, Ramanathan S, Yang G, Lin W, Lin X. The LysR-Type Transcriptional Regulator YeeY Plays Important Roles in the Regulatory of Furazolidone Resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:577376. [PMID: 33013815 PMCID: PMC7509050 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.577376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is an aquatic pathogen of freshwater fish. The emergence of widespread antimicrobial-resistance strains of this pathogen has caused increasing rates of fish infections. Our previous research reported that A. hydrophila yeeY, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR), negatively regulated furazolidone (FZ) resistance. Although, it’s intrinsic regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In this study, a data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics method was used to compare the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the ΔyeeY and wild-type strain under FZ treatment. When compared to the control, a total of 594 DEPs were identified in ΔyeeY. Among which, 293 and 301 proteins were substantially increased and decreased in abundance, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that several biological pathways such as the secretion system and protein transport were mainly involved in FZ resistance. Subsequently, the antibiotics susceptibility assays of several gene deletion strains identified from the proteomics results showed that YeeY may regulate some important genes such as cysD, AHA_2766, AHA_3195, and AHA_4275, which affects the FZ resistance in A. hydrophila. Furthermore, 34 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) from the bacterial drug resistance gene database (CARD) were found to be directly or indirectly regulated by YeeY. A subsequent assay of several ARGs mutants showed that ΔAHA_3222 increased the susceptibility of A. hydrophila to FZ, while ΔcysN and ΔAHA_3753 decreased the susceptibility rate. Finally, the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) PCR and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) have revealed that the genes such as AHA_3222 and AHA_4275 were directly and transcriptionally regulated by YeeY. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that YeeY may participate in antimicrobial resistance of A. hydrophila to FZ, which provides a new target for the development of novel antimicrobial agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Srinivasan Ramanathan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guidi Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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16
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CaCML13 Acts Positively in Pepper Immunity Against Ralstonia solanacearum Infection Forming Feedback Loop with CabZIP63. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114186. [PMID: 32545368 PMCID: PMC7312559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-signaling—which requires the presence of calcium sensors such as calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins—is crucial for the regulation of plant immunity against pathogen attack. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, especially the roles of CMLs involved in plant immunity remains largely uninvestigated. In the present study, CaCML13, a calmodulin-like protein of pepper that was originally found to be upregulated by Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation (RSI) in RNA-seq, was functionally characterized in immunity against RSI. CaCML13 was found to target the whole epidermal cell including plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. We also confirmed that CaCML13 was upregulated by RSI in pepper roots by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The silencing of CaCML13 significantly enhanced pepper plants’ susceptibility to RSI accompanied with downregulation of immunity-related CaPR1, CaNPR1, CaDEF1 and CabZIP63. In contrast, CaCML13 transient overexpression induced clear hypersensitivity-reaction (HR)-mimicked cell death and upregulation of the tested immunity-related genes. In addition, we also revealed that the G-box-containing CaCML13 promoter was bound by CabZIP63 and CaCML13 was positively regulated by CabZIP63 at transcriptional level. Our data collectively indicate that CaCML13 act as a positive regulator in pepper immunity against RSI forming a positive feedback loop with CabZIP63.
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