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Peng Z, Fu Y, Wang F, Liu Q, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yin L, Chen XL, Xu J, Deng H, Xing J. Genetic Variation of Magnaporthe oryzae Population in Hunan Province. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:776. [PMID: 37504764 PMCID: PMC10381499 DOI: 10.3390/jof9070776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the population structure and variation of Magnaporthe oryzae in fields are of great significance for the control of rice blast disease. In this study, a total of 462 isolates isolated from different areas of Hunan Province in 2016 and 2018 were analyzed for their population structure and variation tendency. The results showed that from 2016 to 2018, the concentration of fungal races of M. oryzae increased and the diversity decreased; furthermore, 218 isolates in 2016 belonged to ZA, ZB, ZC, ZE, ZF and ZG, with a total of 6 groups and 29 races, in which the dominant-population ZB group accounted for 66.2%; meanwhile, in 2018, 244 isolates were classified into 4 groups and 21 races, including ZA, ZB, ZC and ZG, in which the dominant-population ZB group accounted for 72.54%. In 2018, isolates of ZD, ZE and ZF populations were absent, and the number of total races and isolates of the ZA and ZC groups decreased. Fungal pathogenicity was identified, with 24 monogenic lines (MLs) carrying 24 major R genes. The resistance frequency of R genes to fungal isolates in 2018 decreased significantly, in which except Pikm was 64.5%, the other monogenic lines were less than 50%. Rep-PCR analysis for isolates of Guidong in Hunan also showed that fungal diversity decreased gradually. The influence of R genes on fungal variation was analyzed. The pathogenicity of isolates purified from Xiangwanxian 11 planted with monogenic lines was significantly more enhanced than those without monogenic lines. All the results indicated that in recent years, the fungal abundance in Hunan has decreased while fungal pathogenicity has increased significantly. This study will greatly benefit rice-resistance breeding and the control of rice blast disease in Hunan Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yuefeng Fu
- Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Hunan Provincial Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Zhengbing Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Li Yin
- Hunan Provincial Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Huafeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Junjie Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
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Wang X, Wu W, Zhang Y, Li C, Wang J, Wen J, Zhang S, Yao Y, Lu W, Zhao Z, Zhan J, Pan Q. The Lesson Learned from the Unique Evolutionary Story of Avirulence Gene AvrPii of Magnaporthe oryzae. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051065. [PMID: 37239425 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice production. Understanding population dynamics of the pathogen's avirulence genes is pre-required for breeding and then deploying new cultivars carrying promising resistance genes. The divergence and population structure of AvrPii was dissected in the populations of southern (Guangdong, Hunan, and Guizhou) and northern (Jilin, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang) China, via population genetic and evolutionary approaches. The evolutionary divergence between a known haplotype AvrPii-J and a novel one AvrPii-C was demonstrated by haplotype-specific amplicon-based sequencing and genetic transformation. The different avirulent performances of a set of seven haplotype-chimeric mutants suggested that the integrity of the full-length gene structures is crucial to express functionality of individual haplotypes. All the four combinations of phenotypes/genotypes were detected in the three southern populations, and only two in the northern three, suggesting that genic diversity in the southern region was higher than those in the northern one. The population structure of the AvrPii family was shaped by balancing, purifying, and positive selection pressures in the Chinese populations. The AvrPii-J was recognized as the wild type that emerged before rice domestication. Considering higher frequencies of avirulent isolates were detected in Hunan, Guizhou, and Liaoning, the cognate resistance gene Pii could be continuously used as a basic and critical resistance resource in such regions. The unique population structures of the AvrPii family found in China have significant implications for understanding how the AvrPii family has kept an artful balance and purity among its members (haplotypes) those keenly interact with Pii under gene-for-gene relationships. The lesson learned from case studies on the AvrPii family is that much attention should be paid to haplotype divergence of target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weihuai Wu
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianqiang Wen
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shulin Zhang
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yongxiang Yao
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Corn Research Institute, Dandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dandong 118109, China
| | - Weisheng Lu
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jiasui Zhan
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qinghua Pan
- Rice Blast Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Dong L, Liu S, Li J, Tharreau D, Liu P, Tao D, Yang Q. A Rapid and Simple Method for DNA Preparation of Magnaporthe oryzae from Single Rice Blast Lesions for PCR-Based Molecular Analysis. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:679-684. [PMID: 36503197 PMCID: PMC9742792 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.02.2022.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide, and the causative agent is the filamentous ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. With the successful cloning of more and more avirulence genes from M. oryzae, the direct extraction of M. oryzae genomic DNA from infected rice tissue would be useful alternative for rapid monitoring of changes of avirulence genes without isolation and cultivation of the pathogen. In this study, a fast, low-cost and reliable method for DNA preparation of M. oryzae from a small piece of infected single rice leaf or neck lesion was established. This single step method only required 10 min for DNA preparation and conventional chemical reagents commonly found in the laboratory. The AvrPik and AvrPi9 genes were successfully amplified with the prepared DNA. The expected DNA fragments from 570 bp to 1,139 bp could be amplified even three months after DNA preparation. This method was also suitable for DNA preparation from M. oryzae strains stored on the filter paper. All together these results indicate that the DNA preparation method established in this study is reliable, and could meet the basic needs for polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Dong
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Jing Li
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Didier Tharreau
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR BGPI, TA A 54K, 34398 Montpellier,
France
| | - Pei Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Qinzhong Yang
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
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