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Yang D, Du C, Zhang J, Pan L, Wei S, Jiang S, Li C, San CC, Huy ND, Ye Y, Fu G. Validation and Application of a Molecular Detection System for Fusarium Wilt of Banana in China. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3687-3692. [PMID: 37340555 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-23-0618-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana is a devastating disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). It has restricted the development of the banana industry worldwide and is particularly serious in China because of the large planting areas and special planting patterns. However, there is no rapid and accurate approach to detect the Foc strains that specifically occur in China because of the rich genetic diversity observed in this pathosystem. In this study, we evaluated the performance of 10 previously published PCR primer pairs on 103 representative Foc strains in China and neighboring countries and screened out a set of primers (Foc-specific primer pair SIX9-Foc-F/R, Foc R1-specific primer pair SIX6b-210-F/R, Foc R4-specific primer pair Foc-1/2, and Foc TR4-specific primer pair W2987F/R) suitable for the detection of Foc strains in China and the surrounding Southeast Asian countries. Moreover, we developed a molecular detection system to accurately identify the different physiological races of Foc. The findings of this study provide technical support for preventing and controlling the spread of Fusarium wilt of banana in the field in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Chanjuan Du
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Lianfu Pan
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Shaolong Wei
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Shangbo Jiang
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Cho Cho San
- Plant Pathology Research Section, Department of Agricultural Research, Naypyitaw 15013, Myanmar
| | - Nguyen Duc Huy
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam
| | - Yunfeng Ye
- Horticultural Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
| | - Gang Fu
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning 530007, P.R. China
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Zhou GD, He P, Tian L, Xu S, Yang B, Liu L, Wang Y, Bai T, Li X, Li S, Zheng SJ. Disentangling the resistant mechanism of Fusarium wilt TR4 interactions with different cultivars and its elicitor application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1145837. [PMID: 36938065 PMCID: PMC10018200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana, especially Tropical Race 4 (TR4) is a major factor restricting banana production. Developing a resistant cultivar and inducing plant defenses by elicitor application are currently two of the best options to control this disease. Isotianil is a monocarboxylic acid amide that has been used as a fungicide to control rice blast and could potentially induce systemic acquired resistance in plants. To determine the control effect of elicitor isotianil on TR4 in different resistant cultivars, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted and its results showed that isotianil could significantly alleviate the symptoms of TR4, provide enhanced disease control on the cultivars 'Baxi' and 'Yunjiao No.1' with control effect 50.14% and 56.14%, respectively. We compared the infection processes in 'Baxi' (susceptible cultivars) and 'Yunjiao No.1' (resistant cultivars) two cultivars inoculated with pathogen TR4. The results showed that TR4 hyphae could rapidly penetrate the cortex into the root vascular bundle for colonization, and the colonization capacity in 'Baxi' was significantly higher than that in 'Yunjiao No.1'. The accumulation of a large number of starch grains was observed in corms cells, and further analysis showed that the starch content in 'Yunjiao No. 1' as resistant cultivar was significantly higher than that in 'Baxi' as susceptible cultivar, and isotianil application could significantly increase the starch content in 'Baxi'. Besides, a mass of tyloses were observed in the roots and corms and these tyloses increased after application with isotianil. Furthermore, the total starch and tyloses contents and the control effect in the corms of 'Yunjiao No.1' was higher than that in the 'Baxi'. Moreover, the expression levels of key genes for plant resistance induction and starch synthesis were analyzed, and the results suggested that these genes were significantly upregulated at different time points after the application of isotianil. These results suggest that there are significant differences between cultivars in response to TR4 invasion and plant reactions with respect to starch accumulation, tyloses formation and the expression of plant resistance induction and starch synthesis related genes. Results also indicate that isotianil application may contribute to disease control by inducing host plant defense against TR4 infection and could be potentially used together with resistant cultivar as integrated approach to manage this destructive disease. Further research under field conditions should be included in the next phases of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Dong Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Center For Potato Research, Resource Plant Research Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ping He
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Libo Tian
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Center For Potato Research, Resource Plant Research Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shengtao Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Baoming Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongfen Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Industry Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xundong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shu Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Jun Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Bioversity International, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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3
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Molecular Diagnosis and Vegetative Compatibility Group Analysis of Fusarium Wilt of Banana in Nepal. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020208. [PMID: 36836322 PMCID: PMC9960093 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is the most important constraint of the banana industry globally. In Nepal, epidemics resembling FWB have been increasingly observed on the Malbhog cultivar in the past several years. However, the disease has not been officially reported yet, and consequently, little is known about the pathogen present across the country. In this study, we characterized 13 fungal strains isolated from banana plants of the Malbhog cultivar (Silk, AAB) showing symptoms similar to FWB in banana plantations in Nepal. All of the strains were typed as belonging to the F. oxysporum and caused FWB symptoms when inoculated in the Malbhog and Cachaco (Bluggoe, ABB) cultivars. No symptoms were observed in the Williams cultivar (Cavendish, AAA). Vegetative compatibility group (VCG) analysis classified the strains as VCG 0124 or VCG 0125. PCR analyses conducted with primers specific for Foc race 1 (Foc R1) or Foc tropical race 4 (TR4) revealed that all the strains reacted positively for Foc R1 and none for TR4. Altogether, our results demonstrated that the pathogen populations causing FWB of the Malbhog cultivar in Nepal were Foc R1. This work reported, for the first time, the occurrence of FWB in Nepal. Further studies with larger Foc populations are needed to better understand disease epidemiology to design sustainable disease management strategies.
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Diversity, Ecological Characteristics and Identification of Some Problematic Phytopathogenic Fusarium in Soil: A Review. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The genus Fusarium includes many pathogenic species causing a wide range of plant diseases that lead to high economic losses. In this review, we describe how the Fusarium taxonomy has changed with the development of microbiological methods. We specify the ecological traits of this genus and the methods of its identification in soils, particularly the detection of phytopathogenic representatives of Fusarium and the mycotoxins produced by them. The negative effects of soil-borne phytopathogenic Fusarium on agricultural plants and current methods for its control are discussed. Due to the high complexity and polymorphism of Fusarium species, integrated approaches for the risk assessment of Fusarium diseases are necessary.
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Batista ICA, Heck DW, Santos A, Alves G, Ferro CG, Dita M, Haddad F, Michereff SJ, Correia KC, da Silva CFB, Mizubuti ESG. The Population of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in Brazil Is Not Structured by Vegetative Compatibility Group or by Geographic Origin. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:2416-2425. [PMID: 35759310 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-22-0045-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is considered one of the most destructive diseases of bananas in Brazil. In this study, a collection of 194 monosporic isolates from several banana-producing regions located in different climatic zones along a south-to-north transect in Brazil was formed to assess the genetic structure of the population of Foc. The isolates underwent pathogenicity tests, PCR diagnosis for the detection of tropical race 4, and screening of SIX homolog genes that produce putative effector proteins. The vegetative compatibility group (VCG) of 119 isolates was determined by pairing against 17 internationally known VCG-tester strains. A group of 158 isolates was selected for simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping. There was moderate diversity of Foc in Brazil. Eight VCGs were identified: 0120, 0122, 0124, 0125, 0128, 01215, 01220, and 01222, of which 78% of isolates belong to a single VCG, whereas 22% of isolates are assigned to multiple VCGs, belonging to complexes of VCGs. The distribution of VCGs is uneven and independent of the banana genotype. The isolates of a VCG shared a similar profile of SIX homologs, but there was no association with geographic region. Four SSR loci were polymorphic, and, on average, 7.5 alleles were detected per locus. Thirty-five multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were identified. There was no association between VCG and MLGs, and no genetic structure of the population of Foc in Brazil was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabel C A Batista
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel W Heck
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Santos
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Alves
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Camila G Ferro
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Dita
- Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Cali, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo S G Mizubuti
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
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A Polyphasic Approach Reveals Novel Genotypes and Updates the Genetic Structure of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Pathogen. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020269. [PMID: 35208723 PMCID: PMC8876670 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a soil-borne fungus that causes Fusarium wilt, a destructive plant disease that has resulted in devastating economic losses to banana production worldwide. The fungus has a complex evolutionary history and taxonomic repute and consists of three pathogenic races and at least 24 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Surveys conducted in Asia, Africa, the Sultanate of Oman and Mauritius encountered isolates of F. oxysporum pathogenic to banana that were not compatible to any of the known Foc VCGs. Genetic relatedness between the undescribed and known Foc VCGs were determined using a multi-gene phylogeny and diversity array technology (DArT) sequencing. The presence of putative effector genes, the secreted in xylem (SIX) genes, were also determined. Fourteen novel Foc VCGs and 17 single-member VCGs were identified. The multi-gene tree was congruent with the DArT-seq phylogeny and divided the novel VCGs into three clades. Clustering analysis of the DArT-seq data supported the separation of Foc isolates into eight distinct clusters, with the suite of SIX genes mostly conserved within these clusters. Results from this study indicates that Foc is more diverse than hitherto assumed.
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Viljoen A, Mostert D, Chiconela T, Beukes I, Fraser C, Dwyer J, Murray H, Amisse J, Matabuana EL, Tazan G, Amugoli OM, Mondjana A, Vaz A, Pretorius A, Bothma S, Rose LJ, Beed F, Dusunceli F, Chao CP, Molina A. Occurrence and spread of the banana fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 in Mozambique. S AFR J SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2020/8608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to banana production globally. A variant of Foc that originated in Southeast Asia, called tropical race 4 (TR4), was detected on a Cavendish banana export plantation (Metocheria) in northern Mozambique in 2013. Foc TR4 was rapidly disseminated on the farm, and affected approximately half a million plants within 3 years. The fungus was also detected on a second commercial property approximately 200 km away (Lurio farm) a year later, and on a small-grower’s property near Metocheria farm in 2015. Surveys in Mozambique showed that non-Cavendish banana varieties were only affected by Foc race 1 and race 2 strains. The testing of Cavendish banana somaclones in northern Mozambique revealed that GCTCV-119 was most resistant to Foc TR4, but that GCTCV-218 produced better bunches. The occurrence of Foc TR4 in northern Mozambique poses a potential threat to food security on the African continent, where banana is considered a staple food and source of income to millions of people. Cavendish somaclones can be used, in combination with integrated disease management practices, to replace susceptible Cavendish cultivars in southern Africa. The comprehensive testing of African cooking bananas for resistance to Foc TR4 is required, along with the improvement of biosecurity and preparedness of growers on the African continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altus Viljoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Diane Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Tomas Chiconela
- Faculty of Agronomy, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ilze Beukes
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Connie Fraser
- Matanuska, Nampula, Mozambique
- Banana Growers Association of South Africa, Mbombela, South Africa
| | | | | | - Jamisse Amisse
- Mozambique Agriculture Research Institute, Nampula, Mozambique
| | | | - Gladys Tazan
- Jacaranda Agricultura, Namialo, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Otuba M. Amugoli
- Faculty of Agronomy, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ana Mondjana
- Faculty of Agronomy, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Antonia Vaz
- Department of Plant Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Anria Pretorius
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Sheryl Bothma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Lindy J. Rose
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Fenton Beed
- International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
- Plant Production and Protection Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Fazil Dusunceli
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Sub-regional Office for Central Asia, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Agustin Molina
- International Consultant Banana R&D, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
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Zorrilla-Fontanesi Y, Pauwels L, Panis B, Signorelli S, Vanderschuren H, Swennen R. Strategies to revise agrosystems and breeding to control Fusarium wilt of banana. NATURE FOOD 2020; 1:599-604. [PMID: 37128105 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-00155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent emergence of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), the deadly strain that causes Fusarium wilt of banana, has put the banana production chain for export under threat. Here, we propose research priorities and complementary strategies and challenges for effective and efficient mitigation management of Fusarium wilt. Our strategies include diversifying the agrosystems to increase crop resilience, as well as using precision breeding approaches to rapidly assess and introduce disease-resistance genes to develop stable and complete Foc resistance in commercial banana cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurens Pauwels
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (Technologiepark 71), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology (Technologiepark 71), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Panis
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Rony Swennen
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Bioversity International, Heverlee, Belgium.
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), C/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), Arusha, Tanzania.
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Ndayihanzamaso P, Mostert D, Matthews MC, Mahuku G, Jomanga K, Mpanda HJ, Mduma H, Brown A, Uwimana B, Swennen R, Tumuhimbise R, Viljoen A. Evaluation of Mchare and Matooke Bananas for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091082. [PMID: 32842551 PMCID: PMC7570241 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 1, is a major disease of bananas in East Africa. Triploid East African Highland (Matooke) bananas are resistant to Foc race 1, but the response of diploid (Mchare and Muraru) bananas to the fungus is largely unknown. A breeding project was initiated in 2014 to increase crop yield and improve disease and pest resistance of diploid and triploid East African Highland bananas. In this study, eight Mchare cultivars were evaluated for resistance to Foc race 1 in the field in Arusha, Tanzania. In addition, the same eight Mchare cultivars, as well as eight Muraru cultivars, 27 Mchare hybrids, 60 Matooke hybrids and 19 NARITA hybrids were also screened in pot trials. The diploid Mchare and Muraru cultivars were susceptible to Foc race 1, whereas the responses of Mchare, NARITAs and Matooke hybrids ranged from susceptible to resistant. The Mchare and Matooke hybrids resistant to Foc race 1 can potentially replace susceptible cultivars in production areas severely affected by the fungus. Some newly bred Matooke hybrids became susceptible following conventional breeding, suggesting that new hybrids need to be screened for resistance to all Foc variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Privat Ndayihanzamaso
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; (P.N.); (M.C.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Diane Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; (P.N.); (M.C.M.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Megan Ceris Matthews
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; (P.N.); (M.C.M.); (A.V.)
| | - George Mahuku
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Regional Hub, Plot 25, Light Industrial Area, Coca Cola Rd, P.O. Box 34441, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;
| | - Kennedy Jomanga
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; (K.J.); (H.J.M.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Happyness Justine Mpanda
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; (K.J.); (H.J.M.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Hassan Mduma
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; (K.J.); (H.J.M.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Allan Brown
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; (K.J.); (H.J.M.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Brigitte Uwimana
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Namulonge, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda;
| | - Rony Swennen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania; (K.J.); (H.J.M.); (H.M.); (A.B.); (R.S.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke, Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Willem De Croylaan 42, Bus 2455, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Bioversity International, Willem De Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robooni Tumuhimbise
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Rwebitaba ZARDI, P.O. Box 96, Fort Portal, Uganda;
| | - Altus Viljoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; (P.N.); (M.C.M.); (A.V.)
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10
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Quantitative detection of economically important Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense strains in Africa in plants, soil and water. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236110. [PMID: 32687514 PMCID: PMC7371176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana is an important food crop and source of income in Africa. Sustainable production of banana, however, is at risk because of pests and diseases such as Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Foc can be disseminated from infested to disease-free fields in plant material, water and soil. Early detection of Foc using DNA technologies is thus required to accurately identify the fungus and prevent its further dissemination with plants, soil and water. In this study, quantitative (q)PCR assays were developed for the detection of Foc Lineage VI strains found in central and eastern Africa (Foc races 1 and 2), Foc TR4 (vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) 01213/16) that is present in Mozambique, and Foc STR4 (VCG 0120/15) that occurs in South Africa. A collection of 127 fungal isolates were selected for specificity testing, including endophytic Fusarium isolates from banana pseudostems, non-pathogenic F. oxysporum strains and Foc isolates representing the 24 VCGs in Foc. Primer sets that proved to be specific to Foc Lineage VI, Foc TR4 and Foc STR4 were used to produce standard curves for absolute quantification, and the qPCR assays were evaluated based on the quality of standard curves, repeatability and reproducibility, and limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD). The qPCR assays for Foc Lineage VI, TR4 and STR4 were repeatable and reproducible, with LOQ values of 10−3–10−4 ng/μL and a LOD of 10−4–10−5 ng/μL. The quantitative detection of Foc strains in Africa could reduce the time and improve the accuracy for identifying the Fusarium wilt pathogen from plants, water and soil on the continent.
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Gonçalves AP, Heller J, Rico-Ramírez AM, Daskalov A, Rosenfield G, Glass NL. Conflict, Competition, and Cooperation Regulate Social Interactions in Filamentous Fungi. Annu Rev Microbiol 2020; 74:693-712. [PMID: 32689913 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-012420-080905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Social cooperation impacts the development and survival of species. In higher taxa, kin recognition occurs via visual, chemical, or tactile cues that dictate cooperative versus competitive interactions. In microbes, the outcome of cooperative versus competitive interactions is conferred by identity at allorecognition loci, so-called kind recognition. In syncytial filamentous fungi, the acquisition of multicellularity is associated with somatic cell fusion within and between colonies. However, such intraspecific cooperation entails risks, as fusion can transmit deleterious genotypes or infectious components that reduce fitness, or give rise to cheaters that can exploit communal goods without contributing to their production. Allorecognition mechanisms in syncytial fungi regulate somatic cell fusion by operating precontact during chemotropic interactions, during cell adherence, and postfusion by triggering programmed cell death reactions. Alleles at fungal allorecognition loci are highly polymorphic, fall into distinct haplogroups, and show evolutionary signatures of balancing selection, similar to allorecognition loci across the tree of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pedro Gonçalves
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Current Affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nangang District, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Jens Heller
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Current Affiliation: Perfect Day, Inc., Emeryville, California 94608, USA
| | - Adriana M Rico-Ramírez
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Asen Daskalov
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Current Affiliation: Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Gabriel Rosenfield
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Current Affiliation: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - N Louise Glass
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Unlocking the Microbiome Communities of Banana ( Musa spp.) under Disease Stressed ( Fusarium wilt) and Non-Stressed Conditions. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030443. [PMID: 32245146 PMCID: PMC7144012 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the diversity, structure, and assemblage of bacterial and fungal communities associated with banana plants with and without Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) symptoms. A total of 117,814 bacterial and 17,317 fungal operational taxonomy units (OTUs) were identified in the rhizosphere, roots, and corm of the host plant. Results revealed that bacterial and fungal microbiota present in roots and corm primarily emanated from the rhizosphere. The composition of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere, roots, and corm were different, with more diversity observed in the rhizosphere and less in the corm. However, distinct sample types i.e., without (asymptomatic) and with (symptomatic) Fusarium symptoms were the major drivers of the fungal community composition. Considering the high relative abundance among samples, we identified core microbiomes with bacterial and fungal OTUs classified into 20 families and colonizing distinct plant components of banana. Our core microbiome assigned 129 bacterial and 37 fungal genera to known taxa.
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Kaushal M, Mahuku G, Swennen R. Metagenomic Insights of the Root Colonizing Microbiome Associated with Symptomatic and Non-Symptomatic Bananas in Fusarium Wilt Infected Fields. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9020263. [PMID: 32085593 PMCID: PMC7076721 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plants tissues are colonized by diverse communities of microorganisms called endophytes. They are key determinants of plant production and health, for example by facilitating nutrient exchanges or limiting disease development. Endophytic communities of banana plants have not been studied until very recently, and their potential role in disease development has not been explored so far. Roots from symptomatic and non-symptomatic banana plants were sampled from fields infected by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 1. The goal was to compare the endophytic microbiota between symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants through high throughput sequencing of 16s rDNA and shotgun metagenome sequencing. The results revealed that the endophytic root microbiome in bananas is dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes followed to a lesser extent by Actinobacteria. The development of disease greatly impacted the endophytic microbial communities. For example, Flavobacteriales abundance was correlated with symptom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kaushal
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Mikocheni B, Dar es Salaam-34441, Tanzania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +255-758589012
| | - George Mahuku
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Mikocheni B, Dar es Salaam-34441, Tanzania;
| | - Rony Swennen
- Bioversity International, Willem De Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium;
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. c/o The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha 23306, Tanzania
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Maymon M, Sela N, Shpatz U, Galpaz N, Freeman S. The origin and current situation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Israel and the Middle East. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1590. [PMID: 32005853 PMCID: PMC6994609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) is considered one of the most devastating soilborne fungal pathogens of banana worldwide. Foc causing mortality to Cavendish group bananas, and belonging to the unique vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 01213/16 has been termed tropical race 4 (TR4) and has currently been renamed F. odoratissimum. The pathogen that was first detected approximately 50 years ago in South East Asia, has since spread to countries within the greater Mekong subregion and to Australia. Recently, the pathogen disseminated to India, Pakistan, Oman and Mozambique (Africa) and was identified in the South American continent in Colombia in 2019. In the Middle East, TR4 was first reported from Jordan and Lebanon, and later from Israel in 2016. In Israel, the pathogen was identified as TR4 by VCG tests, pathogenicity assays and molecular verification. The complete genomes of five representative TR4 isolates including two from Israel, one from Jordan, one from the Philippines, and one from Indonesia were sequenced, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analyses were conducted. SNPs were compared to 11 additional sequenced TR4 isolates, to determine the origin of the Israeli isolates. SNP detection and phylogeographical analyses determined that the Middle Eastern isolates are closely related, indicating that the pathogen most likely spread to Israel from Jordan, while those from Colombia are related to a representative isolate from Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Maymon
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Uri Shpatz
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
- Northern R & D, Kiryat Shmona, 11016, Israel
| | | | - Stanley Freeman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
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High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of the Causal Agent of the Current Panama Disease Epidemic. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/36/e00904-19. [PMID: 31488538 PMCID: PMC6728648 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00904-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a high-quality draft genome assembly for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Fusarium odoratissimum), assembled from PacBio reads and consisting of 15 contigs with a total assembly size of 48.59 Mb. This strain appears to belong to vegetative compatibility group complex 01213/16. We present a high-quality draft genome assembly for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Fusarium odoratissimum), assembled from PacBio reads and consisting of 15 contigs with a total assembly size of 48.59 Mb. This strain appears to belong to vegetative compatibility group complex 01213/16.
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