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Khan MA, Cowling WA, Banga SS, Barbetti MJ, Cantila AY, Amas JC, Thomas WJ, You MP, Tyagi V, Bharti B, Edwards D, Batley J. Genetic and molecular analysis of stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) resistance in Brassica napus (canola type). Heliyon 2023; 9:e19237. [PMID: 37674843 PMCID: PMC10477455 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying the molecular and genetic basis of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) is critical for developing long-term and cost-effective management of this disease in rapeseed/canola (Brassica napus). Current cultural or chemical management options provide, at best, only partial and/or sporadic control. Towards this, a B. napus breeding population (Mystic x Rainbow), including the parents, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2, was utilized in a field study to determine the inheritance pattern of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance (based on stem lesion length, SLL). Broad sense heritability was 0.58 for SLL and 0.44 for days to flowering (DTF). There was a significant negative correlation between SLL and stem diameter (SD) (r = -0.39) and between SLL and DTF (r = -0.28), suggesting co-selection of SD and DTF traits, along with SLL, should assist in improving overall resistance. Non-additive genetic variance was evident for SLL, DTF, and SD. In a genome wide association study (GWAS), a significant quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified for SLL. Several putative candidate marker trait associations (MTA) were located within this QTL region. Overall, this study has provided valuable new understanding of inheritance of resistance to S. sclerotiorum, and has identified QTL, MTAs and transgressive segregants with high-level resistances. Together, these will foster more rapid selection for multiple traits associated with Sclerotinia stem rot resistance, by enabling breeders to make critical choices towards selecting/developing cultivars with enhanced resistance to this devastating pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azam Khan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Wallace A. Cowling
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Surinder Singh Banga
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Martin J. Barbetti
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Aldrin Y. Cantila
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Junrey C. Amas
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - William J.W. Thomas
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Ming Pei You
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Vikrant Tyagi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Baudh Bharti
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 6009
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Singh M, Avtar R, Kumar N, Punia R, Pal A, Lakra N, Kumari N, Kumar D, Naruka A, Bishnoi M, Khedwal RS, Choudhary RR, Singh A, Meena RK, Dhillon A, Singh VK. Genetic Analysis for Resistance to Sclerotinia Stem Rot, Yield and Its Component Traits in Indian Mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050671. [PMID: 35270141 PMCID: PMC8912491 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mode of gene action that controls seed yield and Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Indian mustard is critical for boosting yield potential. In a line × tester mating design, ten susceptible lines and four resistant testers were used to conduct genetic analysis. The significance of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances revealed that both additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance and yield attributing traits. In addition to 1000-seed weight and number of primary and secondary branches/plant, the genotypes RH 1569 (line) and DRMR 2035 (tester) appeared to be the strongest general combiners for Sclerotinia stem rot resistance. RH 1657 × EC 597317 was the only cross among several that demonstrated a significant desired SCA value for Sclerotinia rot resistance. Regarding SCA effects for yield and component traits, the cross RH 1658 × EC 597328 performed best, with a non-significant but acceptable negative SCA effect for resistance. DRMR 2035, RH 1222-28, RH 1569, RH 1599-41, RH 1657, RH 1658, and EC 597328 are promising genotypes to use as parents in future heterosis breeding and for obtaining populations with high yield potential and greater resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot disease in Indian mustard, based on GCA effects of parents, per se performance, and SCA effects of hybrids. Days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches/plant, main shoot length, and 1000-seed weight all had a high genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV), broad-sense heritability (h2bs), and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GAM) values, as well as significant and desirable correlations and direct effects on seed yield. As a result, these traits have been recognized as the most critical selection criterion for Indian mustard breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Ram Avtar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Rakesh Punia
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Nita Lakra
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Nisha Kumari
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Dalip Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Anu Naruka
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Mahavir Bishnoi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Rajbir Singh Khedwal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Raju Ram Choudhary
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Anoop Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Ravindra Kumar Meena
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Ankit Dhillon
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Vivek K. Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India; (R.A.); (N.K.); (R.P.); (N.K.); (D.K.); (A.N.); (M.B.); (R.S.K.); (R.R.C.); (R.K.M.); (A.D.)
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Genetic and Proteomic Basis of Sclerotinia Stem Rot Resistance in Indian Mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111784. [PMID: 34828391 PMCID: PMC8621386 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot is one of the utmost important disease of mustard, causing considerable losses in seed yield and oil quality. The study of the genetic and proteomic basis of resistance to this disease is imperative for its effective utilization in developing resistant cultivars. Therefore, the genetic pattern of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Indian mustard was studied using six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, and BC1P2) developed from the crossing of one resistant (RH 1222-28) and two susceptible (EC 766300 and EC 766123) genotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that resistance was governed by duplicate epistasis. Comparative proteome analysis of resistant and susceptible genotypes indicated that peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (A0A078IDN6 PPIase) showed high expression in resistant genotype at the early infection stage while its expression was delayed in susceptible genotypes. This study provides important insight to mustard breeders for designing effective breeding programs to develop resistant cultivars against this devastating disease.
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