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Li X, Liu Q, Gao Y, Zang P, Zheng T. Effects of a co-bacterial agent on the growth, disease control, and quality of ginseng based on rhizosphere microbial diversity. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:647. [PMID: 38977968 PMCID: PMC11229274 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ginseng endophyte Paenibacillus polymyxa Pp-7250 (Pp-7250) has multifaceted roles such as preventing ginseng diseases, promoting growth, increasing ginsenoside accumulation, and degrading pesticide residues, however, these effects still have room for improvements. Composite fungicides are an effective means to improve the biocontrol effect of fungicides, but the effect of Pp-7250 in combination with its symbiotic bacteria on ginseng needs to be further investigated, and its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to elucidate the effect of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus co-bacterial agent on the yield and quality of understory ginseng, and to investigate their mechanism of action. RESULTS The results indicated that P. polymyxa and B. cereus co-bacterial agent (PB) treatment improved ginseng yield, ginsenoside accumulation, disease prevention, and pesticide degradation. The mechanism is that PB treatment increased the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, including Rhodanobacter, Pseudolabrys, Gemmatimonas, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Cortinarius, Russula, Paecilomyces, and Trechispora, and decreased the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms, including Ellin6067, Acidibacter, Fusarium, Tetracladium, Alternaria, and Ilyonectria in ginseng rhizosphere soil. PB co-bacterial agents enhanced the function of microbial metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of antibiotics, biosynthesis of amino acids, carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes, DNA replication, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and decreased the function of microbial plant pathogens and animal pathogens. CONCLUSION The combination of P. polymyxa and B. cereus may be a potential biocontrol agent to promote the resistance of ginseng to disease and improve the yield, quality, and pesticide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Cultivation and Breeding of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qun Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 2100147, China
| | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Cultivation and Breeding of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Pu Zang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Cultivation and Breeding of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tong Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Cultivation and Breeding of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
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Tsalgatidou PC, Thomloudi EE, Delis C, Nifakos K, Zambounis A, Venieraki A, Katinakis P. Compatible Consortium of Endophytic Bacillus halotolerans Strains Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 Promotes Plant Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance against Botrytis cinerea. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:779. [PMID: 37372064 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating microbial-based alternatives to conventional fungicides and biofertilizers enables us to gain a deeper understanding of the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activities. Two genetically distinct Bacillus halotolerans strains (Cal.l.30, Cal.f.4) were evaluated for the levels of their compatibility. They were applied individually or in combination under in vitro and greenhouse conditions, using seed bio-priming and soil drenching as inoculum delivery systems, for their plant growth-promoting effect. Our data indicate that application of Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 as single strains and as a mixture significantly enhanced growth parameters of Arabidopsis and tomato plants. We investigated whether seed and an additional soil treatment with these strains could induce the expression of defense-related genes in leaves of young tomato seedling plants. These treatments mediated a long lasting, bacterial-mediated, systemic-induced resistance as evidenced by the high levels of expression of RP3, ACO1 and ERF1 genes in the leaves of young tomato seedlings. Furthermore, we presented data showing that seed and soil treatment with B. halotolerans strains resulted in an effective inhibition of Botrytis cinerea attack and development on tomato leaves. Our findings highlighted the potential of B. halotolerans strains as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant innate immunity and enhance plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina C Tsalgatidou
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Eirini-Evangelia Thomloudi
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Delis
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Kallimachos Nifakos
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonios Zambounis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'ELGO DIMITRA', 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Venieraki
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Katinakis
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Zou L, Wang Q, Li M, Wang S, Ye K, Dai W, Huang J. Culturable bacterial endophytes of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. were diverse in phylogeny, plant growth promotion, and antifungal potential. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192932. [PMID: 37266004 PMCID: PMC10229814 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants harbor tremendously diverse bacterial endophytes that maintain plant growth and health. In the present study, a total of 124 culturable bacterial endophytes were isolated from healthy Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. plants. These strains were clustered into 10 genera based on full-length 16S rDNA sequences, among which Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the dominant genera. In addition, A. carmichaelii may capture 10 potential new bacterial species based on multi-locus sequence analysis of three housekeeping genes (gyrA, rpoB, and atpD). The majority of these bacterial endophytes exhibited plant growth-promoting ability through diverse actions including the production of either indole acetic acid and siderophore or hydrolytic enzymes (glucanase, cellulose, and protease) and solubilization of phosphate or potassium. A total of 20 strains inhibited hyphal growth of fungal pathogens Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on root slices of A. carmichaelii by the dual-culture method, among which Pseudomonas sp. SWUSTb-19 showed the best antagonistic activity. Field experiment confirmed that Pseudomonas sp. SWUSTb-19 significantly reduced the occurrence of southern blight and promoted plant biomass compared with non-inoculation treatment. The possible mode of actions for Pseudomonas sp. SWUSTb-19 to antagonize against S. rolfsii involved the production of glucanase, siderophore, lipopeptides, and antimicrobial volatile compounds. Altogether, this study revealed that A. carmichaelii harbored diverse plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes, and Pseudomonas sp. SWUSTb-19 could be served as a potential biocontrol agent against southern blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Miangyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Miangyang, China
| | - Muyi Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Miangyang, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Miangyang, China
| | - Kunhao Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, Miangyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, Miangyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Miangyang, China
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Zhao G, Sun T, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Bian Y, Hou C, Zhang D, Han S, Wang D. Management of take-all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in wheat through Bacillus subtilis strains. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1118176. [PMID: 36819043 PMCID: PMC9929034 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1118176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the second largest grain crop worldwide, and one of the three major grain crops produced in China. Take-all disease, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) infection, is a widespread and devastating soil-borne disease that harms wheat production. At present, the prevention and control of wheat take-all depend largely on the application of chemical pesticides. Chemical pesticides, however, not only lead to increased drug resistance of pathogens but also leave significant residues in the soil, causing serious environmental pollution. In this study, we investigated the application of Bacillus subtilis to achieve take-all disease control in wheat while reducing pesticide application. Antagonistic bacteria were screened by plate test, species identification of strains was performed by Gram staining and sequencing of 16s rDNA, secondary metabolite activity of strains was detected by clear circle method, strain compatibility and effect of compounding on Ggt were detected by plate, and the application prospects of specific strains were analyzed by greenhouse and field experiments. We found that five B. subtilis strains, JY122, JY214, ZY133, NW03, Z-14, had significant antagonistic effects against Ggt, and could secrete antimicrobial proteins including amylase, protease, and cellulase. Furthermore, Z-14 and JY214 cultures have also been shown to change the morphology of Ggt mycelium. These results also showed that Z-14, JY214, and their combination can control take-all disease in wheat at a reduced level of pesticide use. In summary, we screened two Bacillus spp. strains, Z-14 and JY214, that could act as antagonists that contribute to the biological control of wheat take-all disease. These findings provide resources and ideas for controlling crop diseases in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tianjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yinbo Bian
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shengfang Han
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China,*Correspondence: Shengfang Han ✉
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Baoding, China,Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, China,College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China,Dongmei Wang ✉
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Zou L, Wang Q, Wu R, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Li M, Ye K, Dai W, Huang J. Biocontrol and plant growth promotion potential of endophytic Bacillus subtilis JY-7-2L on Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1059549. [PMID: 36704569 PMCID: PMC9871935 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1059549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. is a famous medicinal plant rich in alkaloids and widely used to treat various human diseases in Asian countries. However, southern blight caused by Sclerotium rolfsii severely hampered the yield of A. carmichaelii. Beneficial microbe-based biological control is becoming a promising alternative and an environmentally friendly approach for the management of plant diseases. In this study, we evaluated the biocontrol potential of an endophytic bacterial strain JY-7-2L, which was isolated from the leaves of A. carmichaelii, against southern blight in vitro and by a series of field experiments. JY-7-2L was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on multi-locus sequence analysis. JY-7-2L showed strong antagonistic activity against S. rolfsii in vitro and on A. carmichaelii root slices by dual-culture assay. Cell-free culture filtrate of JY-7-2L significantly inhibited the hyphal growth, sclerotia formation, and germination of S. rolfsii. In addition, volatile compounds produced by JY-7-2L completely and directly inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii. Furthermore, JY-7-2L was proved to produce hydrolytic enzymes including glucanase, cellulase, protease, indole acetic acid, and siderophore. The presence of bacA, fenA, fenB, fenD, srfAA, and baeA genes by PCR amplification indicated that JY-7-2L was able to produce antifungal lipopeptides and polyketides. Field trials indicated that application of the JY-7-2L fermentation culture significantly reduced southern blight disease severity by up to 30% with a long-acting duration of up to 62 days. Meanwhile, JY-7-2L significantly promoted the fresh and dry weights of the stem, main root, and lateral roots of A. carmichaelii compared to non-inoculation and/or commercial B. subtilis product treatments. Taken together, JY-7-2L can be used as a promising biocontrol agent for the control of southern blight in A. carmichaelii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Rongxing Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Qingshan Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Muyi Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Kunhao Ye
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Science, Mianyang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China,*Correspondence: Jing Huang,
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Pei D, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Zhang L. Biological Control of Verticillium Wilt and Growth Promotion in Tomato by Rhizospheric Soil-Derived Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Oj-2.16. Pathogens 2022; 12:pathogens12010037. [PMID: 36678385 PMCID: PMC9865522 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Verticillium wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae seriously affects tomato quality and yield. In this work, strain Oj-2.16 was isolated from rhizosphere soil of the medicinal plant Ophiopogon japonicas and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the basis of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequencing. Strain Oj-2.16 exhibited a high inhibition rate against V. dahliae, and the hyphae inhibited by Oj-2.16 were found to be destroyed on scanning electron microscopy. Lipopeptide and dipeptide genes were detected in the Oj-2.16 genome by PCR amplification involved in surfactin, iturin, fengycin, and bacilysin biosynthesis. In pot experiments, the biocontrol efficacy of strain Oj-2.16 against Verticillium wilt in tomato was 89.26%, which was slightly higher than the efficacy of the chemical fungicide carbendazim. Strain Oj-2.16 can produce indole acetic acid, siderophores, assimilate various carbon sources, and significantly promoted the growth of tomato seedlings by increasing plant height, root length, stem width, fresh weight, and dry weight by 44.44%, 122.22%, 80.19%, 57.65%, 64.00%, respectively. Furthermore, defense-related antioxidant CAT, SOD, POD, and PAL enzyme activities significantly increased and MDA contents significantly decreased in tomato seedlings treated with strain Oj-2.16 upon inoculation of V. dahliae compared with the pathogen-inoculated control. In summary, we concluded that B. amyloliquefaciens Oj-2.16 could be used as a promising candidate for the biocontrol of Verticillium wilt and as plant growth stimulator of tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Pei
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Development and Application of Characteristic Microorganism Resources, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Qingchen Zhang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Development and Application of Characteristic Microorganism Resources, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Development and Application of Characteristic Microorganism Resources, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Crops Molecular Breeding, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Correspondence:
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