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Gillani SW, Teng L, Khan A, Xu Y, Powell CA, Zhang M. Fungal Diversity and Gibberellin Hormones Associated with Long Whips of Smut-Infected Sugarcanes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9129. [PMID: 39201814 PMCID: PMC11355029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane smut, caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum (Sydow), significantly affects sugarcane crops worldwide. Infected plants develop whip-like structures known as sori. Significant variations in these whip lengths are commonly observed, but the physiological and molecular differences causing these morphological differences remain poorly documented. To address this, we employed conventional microbe isolation, metagenomic, and metabolomic techniques to investigate smut-infected sugarcane stems and whips of varying lengths. Metagenomics analysis revealed a diverse fungal community in the sugarcane whips, with Sporisorium and Fusarium genera notably present (>1%) in long whips. Isolation techniques confirmed these findings. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis (UHPLC-MS/MS) showed high levels of gibberellin hormones (GA3, GA1, GA4, GA8, and GA7) in long whips, with GA4 and GA7 found exclusively in long whips and stems. Among the prominent genera present within long whips, Fusarium was solely positively correlated with these gibberellin (GA) hormones, with the exception of GA8, which was positively correlated with Sporisorium. KEGG enrichment analysis linked these hormones to pathways like diterpenoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction. These findings suggest that Fusarium may influence GA production leading to whip elongation. Our study reveals fungal dynamics and gibberellin responses in sugarcane smut whips. Future research will explore the related molecular gibberellin synthesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Wajeeha Gillani
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.G.)
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lixiu Teng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.G.)
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Abdullah Khan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.G.)
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.G.)
| | - Charles A. Powell
- Indian River Research and Education Center-Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IRREC-IFAS), University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Muqing Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.G.)
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Muthuramalingam R, Barroso K, Milagres J, Tedardi V, Franco de Oliveira F, Takeshita V, Karmous I, El-Tanbouly R, da Silva W. Tiny but Mighty: Nanoscale Materials in Plant Disease Management. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:241-255. [PMID: 37408118 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-23-0970-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale materials are promising tools for managing plant diseases and are becoming important players in the current agritech revolution. However, adopting modern methodologies requires a broad understanding of their effectiveness in solving target problems and their effects on the environment and food chain. Furthermore, it is paramount that such technologies are mechanistically and economically feasible for growers to adopt in order to be sustainable in the long run. This Feature Article summarizes the latest findings on the role of nanoscale materials in managing agricultural plant pathogens. Herein, we discussed the benefits and limitations of using nanoscale materials in plant disease management and their potential impacts on the environment and global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Muthuramalingam
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
| | - Karol Barroso
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Juliana Milagres
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vitória Tedardi
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Franco de Oliveira
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, E.S.A. "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Takeshita
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ines Karmous
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- The Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Tunisia
| | - Rania El-Tanbouly
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Design, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Washington da Silva
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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Maillot Y, Mongelard G, Quéro A, Demailly H, Guénin S, Gutierrez L, Pineau C, Lecomte S, Mathiron D, Elboutachfaiti R, Fontaine JX, Molinié R, Petit E. Pathogen Stopping and Metabolism Modulation Are Key Points to Linum usitatissimum L. Early Response against Fusarium oxysporum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1963. [PMID: 37653880 PMCID: PMC10223704 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is the one of the most common and impactful pathogens of flax. Cultivars of flax that show resistance to this pathogen have previously been identified. To better understand the mechanisms that are responsible for this resistance, we conducted time-lapse analysis of one susceptible and one resistant cultivar over a two-week period following infection. We also monitored changes in some metabolites. The susceptible cultivar showed a strong onset of symptoms from 6 to 8 days after inoculation, which at this time point, was associated with changes in metabolites in both cultivars. The resistant cultivar maintained its height and normal photosynthetic capacity but showed a reduced growth of its secondary stems. This resistance was correlated with the containment of the pathogen at the root level, and an increase in some metabolites related to the phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Maillot
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
| | - Gaëlle Mongelard
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery, Passage du Sourire d’Avril, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Anthony Quéro
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
| | - Hervé Demailly
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery, Passage du Sourire d’Avril, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie Guénin
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery, Passage du Sourire d’Avril, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery, Passage du Sourire d’Avril, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | | | - Sylvain Lecomte
- Linéa Semences, 20 Avenue Saget, F-60210 Grandvilliers, France
| | - David Mathiron
- Plateforme Analytique, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery, Passage du Sourire d’Avril, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Redouan Elboutachfaiti
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
| | - Roland Molinié
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
| | - Emmanuel Petit
- BIOPI, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 Rue des Louvels, F-80000 Amiens, France
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