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Wang J, Peng Y, Xu Y, Li Z, Zhan G, Kang Z, Zhao J. Pan-genome analysis reveals a highly plastic genome and extensive secreted protein polymorphism in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:574-577. [PMID: 38128825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jierong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuxi Peng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiru Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gangming Zhan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Awais M, Zhao J, Cheng X, Ghaffar Khoso A, Ju M, Ur Rehman Z, Iqbal A, Rameez Khan M, Chen W, Liu M, Ma X, Wang L, Liu W, Du Z, Sun M, Zhang G, Kang Z, Ali S. Himalayan mountains imposing a barrier on gene flow of wheat yellow rust pathogen in the bordering regions of Pakistan and China. Fungal Genet Biol 2023; 164:103753. [PMID: 36574524 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The wheat yellow rust pathogen has been shown to be diverse and potentially originated in the Himalayan region. Although Himalayan populations of Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan have been previously compared, little is known about the relative divergence and diversity in Puccinia striiformis populations in the bordering regions of Pakistan and China. To assess the relative diversity and divergence in these regions of Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan, Hazara and Azad Jammu Kashmir) and China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan), a total of 1245 samples were genotyped using 17 microsatellite SSR markers. A clear divergence was observed between the bordering regions of Pakistan and China (FST = 0.28) without any resampling of genetic groups and multilocus genotypes across two sides of the Himalayan mountains. The closest subpopulations across the two countries were Xinjiang and Gilgit-Baltistan (Nei's distance = 0.147), which were close geographically. A very high diversity and recombinant population structure was observed in both populations, though slightly higher in China (Genotypic diversity = 0.970; r¯d = 0.000) than in Pakistan (Genotypic diversity = 0.902; r¯d = 0.065). The distribution of genetic groups and resampling of MLGs revealed more gene flow across Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan regions in China, while between Hazara and Azad-Jammu Kashmir in Pakistan. The lack of gene flow between Pakistan and China populations is due to geographical barriers and a large patch of land without wheat. The information on the relative diversity and divergence in different geographical zones of the pathogen center of diversity and neighboring region should be considered in resistant wheat deployment while considering the invasion potential of the pathogen at regional and global contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Awais
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Xiangrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Abdul Ghaffar Khoso
- College of Plant Protection, Dept. Agriculture Entomology & pest control. Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Meng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Dept. of Agriculture, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Iqbal
- Dept. of Agriculture, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Maxinzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xinyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhimin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Mudi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Sajid Ali
- Dept. of Agriculture, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
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Xia C, Qiu A, Wang M, Liu T, Chen W, Chen X. Current Status and Future Perspectives of Genomics Research in the Rust Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179629. [PMID: 36077025 PMCID: PMC9456177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rust fungi in Pucciniales have caused destructive plant epidemics, have become more aggressive with new virulence, rapidly adapt to new environments, and continually threaten global agriculture. With the rapid advancement of genome sequencing technologies and data analysis tools, genomics research on many of the devastating rust fungi has generated unprecedented insights into various aspects of rust biology. In this review, we first present a summary of the main findings in the genomics of rust fungi related to variations in genome size and gene composition between and within species. Then we show how the genomics of rust fungi has promoted our understanding of the pathogen virulence and population dynamics. Even with great progress, many questions still need to be answered. Therefore, we introduce important perspectives with emphasis on the genome evolution and host adaptation of rust fungi. We believe that the comparative genomics and population genomics of rust fungi will provide a further understanding of the rapid evolution of virulence and will contribute to monitoring the population dynamics for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjing Xia
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (C.X.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-13880134318 (C.X.); +1-509-335-8086 (X.C.)
| | - Age Qiu
- Wheat Research Institute, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Meinan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xianming Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
- Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA
- Correspondence: (C.X.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-13880134318 (C.X.); +1-509-335-8086 (X.C.)
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