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Ma H, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Liu H, Xu H, Zhu L, Zhang G, Wang J, Li Z, Hong B, Zhou W, Yang P, Liu J. Microglia Exhibit Distinct Heterogeneity Rather than M1/M2 Polarization within the Early Stage of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2284-2302. [PMID: 37199734 PMCID: PMC10676790 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The classification of microglial M1/M2 polarization in the acute phase of ischemic stroke remains controversial, which has limited further advances in neuroprotective strategy. To thoroughly assess the microglial phenotypes, we made the middle cerebral artery occlusion model in mice to simulate the acute pathological processes of ischemic stroke from normal conditions to acute cerebral ischemia and then to the early reperfusion period. The temporal changes in gene profiles, cell subtypes, and microglial function were comprehensively analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified 37,614 microglial cells and divided them into eight distinct subpopulations. Mic_home, Mic_pre1, and Mic_pre2 subpopulations were three clusters mainly composed of cells from the control samples, in which Mic_home was a homeostatic subpopulation characterized by high expression of Hpgd and Tagap, and Mic_pre1 and Mic_pre2 were two clusters with preliminary inflammatory activation characteristics marked by P2ry13 and Wsb1 respectively. Mic_M1L1 and Mic_M1L2 subpopulations exhibited M1-like polarization manifested by the upregulation of inflammatory genes after ischemic stroke, while the intrinsic heterogeneity on the level of inflammatory responses and neurotrophic support properties was observed. Moreover, we identified three unique clusters of cells with low inflammation levels. Mic_np1, Mic_np2, and Mic_np3 were characterized by high expression of Arhgap45, Rgs10, and Pkm respectively. However, these cells did not show significant M2-like characteristics and their classic microglia function was also attenuated. These subpopulations exhibited higher activation of neuropeptide functional pathways. At last, we performed cell-cell communication analysis and identified major couplings contributing to the interaction between microglia and other cell populations. In summary, our study elucidated the temporal heterogeneity of microglia in the acute phase of ischemic stroke, which may facilitate the identification of effective neuroprotective targets to curb ischemic damage at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Ma
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - He Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China, 316000
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Yu Zhou
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Hanchen Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Hongye Xu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Luojiang Zhu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Guanghao Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Jing Wang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Zifu Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Bo Hong
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Wang Zhou
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China, 100433
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Proteomic Analysis of Intracellular and Membrane-Associated Fractions of Canine (Canis lupus familiaris) Epididymal Spermatozoa and Sperm Structure Separation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060772. [PMID: 35327169 PMCID: PMC8944539 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epididymal spermatozoa have great potential in current dog reproductive technologies. In the case of azoospermia or when the male dies, the recovery of epididymal spermatozoa opens new possibilities for reproduction. It is of great importance to analyze the quality of the sperm in such cases. Proteomic studies contribute to explaining the role of proteins at various stages of epididymal sperm maturation and offer potential opportunities to use them as markers of sperm quality. The present study showed, for the first time, mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analysis of intracellular and membrane-associated proteins of canine epididymal spermatozoa. Additionally, sonication was used for the separation of dog epididymal sperm morphological elements (heads, tails and acrosomes). The results revealed the presence of differentially abundant proteins in both sperm protein fractions significant for sperm function and fertilizing ability. It was also shown that these proteins participate in important sperm metabolic pathways, which may suggest their potential as sperm quality biomarkers. Abstract This study was provided for proteomic analysis of intracellular and membrane-associated fractions of canine (Canis lupus familiaris) epididymal spermatozoa and additionally to find optimal sonication parameters for the epididymal sperm morphological structure separation and sperm protein isolation. Sperm samples were collected from 15 dogs. Sperm protein fractions: intracellular (SIPs) and membrane-associated (SMAPs) were isolated. After sonication, sperm morphology was evaluated using Spermac Stain™. The sperm protein fractions were analyzed using gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and nanoliquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (NanoLC-Q-TOF/MS). UniProt database-supported identification resulted in 42 proteins identified in the SIPs and 153 proteins in the SMAPs. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were found in SIPs and SMAPs. Based on a gene ontology analysis, the dominant molecular functions of SIPs were catalytic activity (50%) and binding (28%). Hydrolase activity (33%) and transferase activity (21%) functions were dominant for SMAPs. Bioinformatic analysis of SIPs and SMAPs showed their participation in important metabolic pathways in epididymal sperm, which may suggest their potential as sperm quality biomarkers. The use of sonication 150 W, 10 min, may be recommended for the separation of dog epididymal sperm heads, tails, acrosomes and the protein isolation.
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Urade Y. Biochemical and Structural Characteristics, Gene Regulation, Physiological, Pathological and Clinical Features of Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D 2 Synthase as a Multifunctional Lipocalin. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718002. [PMID: 34744762 PMCID: PMC8569824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D2 synthase (L-PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of PGH2, a common precursor of the two series of PGs, to produce PGD2. PGD2 stimulates three distinct types of G protein-coupled receptors: (1) D type of prostanoid (DP) receptors involved in the regulation of sleep, pain, food intake, and others; (2) chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T helper type 2 cells (CRTH2) receptors, in myelination of peripheral nervous system, adipocyte differentiation, inhibition of hair follicle neogenesis, and others; and (3) F type of prostanoid (FP) receptors, in dexamethasone-induced cardioprotection. L-PGDS is the same protein as β-trace, a major protein in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). L-PGDS exists in the central nervous system and male genital organs of various mammals, and human heart; and is secreted into the CSF, seminal plasma, and plasma, respectively. L-PGDS binds retinoic acids and retinal with high affinities (Kd < 100 nM) and diverse small lipophilic substances, such as thyroids, gangliosides, bilirubin and biliverdin, heme, NAD(P)H, and PGD2, acting as an extracellular carrier of these substances. L-PGDS also binds amyloid β peptides, prevents their fibril formation, and disaggregates amyloid β fibrils, acting as a major amyloid β chaperone in human CSF. Here, I summarize the recent progress of the research on PGD2 and L-PGDS, in terms of its “molecular properties,” “cell culture studies,” “animal experiments,” and “clinical studies,” all of which should help to understand the pathophysiological role of L-PGDS and inspire the future research of this multifunctional lipocalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Urade
- Center for Supporting Pharmaceutical Education, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan.,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Biringer RG. The enzymology of the human prostanoid pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4569-4586. [PMID: 32430846 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostanoids are short-lived autocrine and paracrine signaling molecules involved in a wide range of biological functions. They have been shown to be intimately involved in many different disease states when their regulation becomes dysfunctional. In order to fully understand the progression of any disease state or the biological functions of the well state, a complete evaluation of the genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics of the system is necessary. This review is focused on the enzymology for the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the prostanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclins and thromboxanes). In particular, the isolation and purification of the enzymes, their enzymatic parameters and catalytic mechanisms are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gregory Biringer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Amyloid β chaperone - lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase acts as a peroxidase in the presence of heme. Biochem J 2020; 477:1227-1240. [PMID: 32271881 PMCID: PMC7148433 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular transporter, lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) binds to heme and heme metabolites with high affinity. It has been reported that L-PGDS protects neuronal cells against apoptosis induced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide. Our study demonstrates that when human WT L-PGDS is in complex with heme, it exhibits a strong peroxidase activity thus behaving as a pseudo-peroxidase. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies confirm that heme in the L-PGDS–heme complex is hexacoordinated with high-spin Fe(III). NMR titration of heme in L-PGDS points to hydrophobic interaction between heme and several residues within the β-barrel cavity of L-PGDS. In addition to the transporter function, L-PGDS is a key amyloid β chaperone in human cerebrospinal fluid. The presence of high levels of bilirubin and its derivatives, implicated in Alzheimer's disease, by binding to L-PGDS may reduce its chaperone activity. Nevertheless, our ThT binding assay establishes that heme and heme metabolites do not significantly alter the neuroprotective chaperone function of L-PGDS. Guided by NMR data we reconstructed the heme L-PGDS complex using extensive molecular dynamics simulations providing a platform for mechanistic interpretation of the catalytic and transporting functions and their modulation by secondary ligands like Aβ peptides and heme metabolites.
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Hajeyah AA, Griffiths WJ, Wang Y, Finch AJ, O’Donnell VB. The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591819. [PMID: 33329396 PMCID: PMC7711093 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as key signaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processes from metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They are broadly categorized as either polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing (free acid oxygenated PUFA "oxylipins", endocannabinoids, oxidized phospholipids) or cholesterol derivatives (oxysterols, steroid hormones, and bile acids). Their biosynthesis is accomplished by families of enzymes that include lipoxygenases (LOX), cyclooxygenases (COX), cytochrome P450s (CYP), and aldo-keto reductases (AKR). In contrast, non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation and are broadly considered to be harmful. Here, we provide an overview of the biochemistry and enzymology of LOXs, COXs, CYPs, and AKRs in humans. Next, we present biosynthetic pathways for oxylipins, oxidized phospholipids, oxysterols, bile acids and steroid hormones. Last, we address gaps in knowledge and suggest directions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Hajeyah
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ali A. Hajeyah,
| | - William J. Griffiths
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Finch
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie B. O’Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Liu YR, Tang ZS, Duan JA, Chen L, Sun J, Zhou R, Song ZX, Shi XB, Zhu HY. ER-depletion lowering the 'hypothalamus-uterus-kidney' axis functions by perturbing the renal ERβ/Ptgds signalling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9500-9529. [PMID: 31708494 PMCID: PMC6874469 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have long assumed that systematic estrogen fading might contribute to the sustained progression of menopausal degenerate syndromes, although definitive evidence has not been presented. Whether such findings represent a causal contribution or are the result of opportunistic messengers sent from the reproductive system to the brain is also a vital question. We constructed a multiscale network of the ovariectomy (OVX) induced estrogen receptors depletion (ER-depletion) model and integrated targeted proteomic, targeted lipidomic, cytochemical, and histopathological data across three tissues from the ovariectomy rodent model. We found that compared to control rats, OVX rats showed increased renal and uterine prostaglandin D2 synthase (Ptgds) expression and decreased hypothalamic Ptgds expression, abnormal Ptgds metabolites, the degenerate renal function profiles and decreased cognitive ability (learning and memory) in Morris water maze test. Importantly, we observed a regulatory relationship among ER (particularly ERβ), the degree of the pathological phenotype, learning behavior test and the ‘hypothalamus-uterus-kidney (HUK) axis functions. Collectively, this study elucidates that ER depletion promoted HUK aging is mostly attributed to a renal ERβ/Ptgds signalling imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ru Liu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Shu Tang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Xing Song
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Bo Shi
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Yuan Zhu
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, P.R. China
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8
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[Proteome analysis of undiluted vitreous humor in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion]. Ophthalmologe 2019; 115:203-215. [PMID: 28247073 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-017-0469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological mechanisms of macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To analyze the protein profile of human vitreous of patients with BRVO and to identify specific dysregulated proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Undiluted vitreous humor samples from patients with treatment naïve BRVO and 15 controls with idiopathic floaters were analyzed in this clinical-experimental study using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a mass spectrometer (CE-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Quantitative analysis of the dysregulated proteins was performed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein-protein interactions were depicted with the STRING database. RESULTS A total of 84 proteins were found in the human vitreous samples of 15 patients with BRVO and 15 controls. In all, 14 proteins were significant when comparing the signal intensities of BRVO and control samples. Six significant dysregulated proteins with p < 0.001 were further verified with ELISA. Clusterin, complement factor C3, prostaglandin-H2 D‑isomerase and vitronectin were significantly upregulated in the BRVO group and opticin was downregulated. The protein interactions analysis showed associations with inflammatory cascades, matrix changes, mechanisms of cell survival und death. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study reveal that the proteomic composition of vitreous humor differed significantly between the patients with BRVO and the controls. Whether the identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for pathophysiology, diagnostics or therapy should be examine in further studies.
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9
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Song WL, Ricciotti E, Liang X, Grosser T, Grant GR, FitzGerald GA. Lipocalin-Like Prostaglandin D Synthase but Not Hemopoietic Prostaglandin D Synthase Deletion Causes Hypertension and Accelerates Thrombogenesis in Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:425-432. [PMID: 30305427 PMCID: PMC6226547 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.250936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) D2 is formed by two distinct PGD synthases (PGDS): lipocalin-type PGDS (L-PGDS), which acts as a PGD2-producing enzyme and as extracellular lipophilic transporter, and hematopoietic PGDS (H-PGDS), a σ glutathione-S-transferase. PGD2 plays an important role in the maintenance of vascular function; however, the relative contribution of L-PGDS– and H-PGDS–dependent formation of PGD2 in this setting is unknown. To gain insight into the function played by these distinct PGDS, we assessed systemic blood pressure (BP) and thrombogenesis in L-Pgds and H-Pgds knockout (KO) mice. Deletion of L-Pgds depresses urinary PGD2 metabolite (PGDM) by ∼35%, whereas deletion of H-Pgds does so by ∼90%. Deletion of L-Pgds, but not H-Pgds, elevates BP and accelerates the thrombogenic occlusive response to a photochemical injury to the carotid artery. HQL-79, a H-PGDS inhibitor, further depresses PGDM in L-Pgds KO mice, but has no effect on BP or on the thrombogenic response. Gene expression profiling reveals that pathways relevant to vascular function are dysregulated in the aorta of L-Pgds KOs. These results indicate that the functional impact of L-Pgds deletion on vascular homeostasis may result from an autocrine effect of L-PGDS–dependent PGD2 on the vasculature and/or the L-PGDS function as lipophilic carrier protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Song
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory R Grant
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.A.F.), Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (W.-L.S., E.R., X.L., T.G., G.R.G., G.A.F.), and Perelman School of Medicine and Department of Genetics (G.R.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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10
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Liu X, Wang W, Zhu P, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu J, Li N, Wang X, Lin C, Liu F. In-depth quantitative proteome analysis of seminal plasma from men with oligoasthenozoospermia and normozoospermia. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:467-479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Elmes MW, Volpe AD, d'Oelsnitz S, Sweeney JM, Kaczocha M. Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase Is a Novel Phytocannabinoid-Binding Protein. Lipids 2018; 53:353-360. [PMID: 29668081 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS; EC:5.3.99.2) is an enzyme with dual functional roles as a prostaglandin D2 -synthesizing enzyme and as an extracellular transporter for diverse lipophilic compounds in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Transport of hydrophobic endocannabinoids is mediated by serum albumin in the blood and intracellularly by the fatty acid binding proteins, but no analogous transport mechanism has yet been described in CSF. L-PGDS has been reported to promiscuously bind a wide variety of lipophilic ligands and is among the most abundant proteins found in the CSF. Here, we examine the binding of several classes of endogenous and synthetic ligands to L-PGDS. Endocannabinoids exhibited low affinity toward L-PGDS, while cannabinoid metabolites and synthetic cannabinoids displayed higher affinities for L-PGDS. These results indicate that L-PGDS is unlikely to function as a carrier for endocannabinoids in the CSF, but it may bind and transport a subset of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Elmes
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Anthony D Volpe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Simon d'Oelsnitz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Joseph M Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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12
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Seo MJ, Oh DK. Prostaglandin synthases: Molecular characterization and involvement in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:50-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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13
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Marchlewicz A, Guzik U, Hupert-Kocurek K, Nowak A, Wilczyńska S, Wojcieszyńska D. Toxicity and biodegradation of ibuprofen by Bacillus thuringiensis B1(2015b). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7572-7584. [PMID: 28116629 PMCID: PMC5383686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the increased intake of ibuprofen has resulted in the presence of the drug in the environment. This work presents results of a study on degradation of ibuprofen at 25 mg L-1 in the presence of glucose, as an additional carbon source by Bacillus thuringiensis B1(2015b). In the cometabolic system, the maximum specific growth rate of the bacterial strain was 0.07 ± 0.01 mg mL-1 h-1 and K sμ 0.27 ± 0.15 mg L-1. The maximum specific ibuprofen removal rate and the value of the half-saturation constant were q max = 0.24 ± 0.02 mg mL-1 h-1 and K s = 2.12 ± 0.56 mg L-1, respectively. It has been suggested that monooxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase are involved in ibuprofen degradation by B. thuringiensis B1(2015b). Toxicity studies showed that B. thuringiensis B1(2015b) is more resistant to ibuprofen than other tested organisms. The EC50 of ibuprofen on the B1 strain is 809.3 mg L-1, and it is 1.5 times higher than the value of the microbial toxic concentration (MTCavg). The obtained results indicate that B. thuringiensis B1(2015b) could be a useful tool in biodegradation/bioremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Marchlewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Urszula Guzik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hupert-Kocurek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Wilczyńska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Danuta Wojcieszyńska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
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14
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Nakatsuji M, Inoue H, Kohno M, Saito M, Tsuge S, Shimizu S, Ishida A, Ishibashi O, Inui T. Human Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D Synthase-Based Drug Delivery System for Poorly Water-Soluble Anti-Cancer Drug SN-38. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142206. [PMID: 26529243 PMCID: PMC4631600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) is a member of the lipocalin superfamily, which is composed of secretory transporter proteins, and binds a wide variety of small hydrophobic molecules. Using this function, we have reported the feasibility of using L-PGDS as a novel drug delivery vehicle for poorly water-soluble drugs. In this study, we show the development of a drug delivery system using L-PGDS, one that enables the direct clinical use of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38), a poorly water-soluble anti-cancer drug. In the presence of 2 mM L-PGDS, the concentration of SN-38 in PBS increased 1,130-fold as compared with that in PBS. Calorimetric experiments revealed that L-PGDS bound SN-38 at a molecular ratio of 1:3 with a dissociation constant value of 60 μM. The results of an in vitro growth inhibition assay revealed that the SN-38/L-PGDS complexes showed high anti-tumor activity against 3 human cancer cell lines, i.e., Colo201, MDA-MB-231, and PC-3 with a potency similar to that of SN-38 used alone. The intravenous administration of SN-38/L-PGDS complexes to mice bearing Colo201 tumors showed a pronounced anti-tumor effect. Intestinal mucositis, which is one of the side effects of this drug, was not observed in mice administered SN-38/L-PGDS complexes. Taken together, L-PGDS enables the direct usage of SN-38 with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakatsuji
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Haruka Inoue
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masaki Kohno
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mayu Saito
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Syogo Tsuge
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shota Shimizu
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ishida
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishibashi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takashi Inui
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- * E-mail:
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15
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Mizoguchi M, Nakatsuji M, Inoue H, Yamaguchi K, Sakamoto A, Wada K, Inui T. Novel oral formulation approach for poorly water-soluble drug using lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 74:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Song E, Zhu R, Hammoud ZT, Mechref Y. LC-MS/MS quantitation of esophagus disease blood serum glycoproteins by enrichment with hydrazide chemistry and lectin affinity chromatography. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4808-20. [PMID: 25134008 PMCID: PMC4227547 DOI: 10.1021/pr500570m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
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Changes
in glycosylation have been shown to have a profound correlation
with development/malignancy in many cancer types. Currently, two major
enrichment techniques have been widely applied in glycoproteomics,
namely, lectin affinity chromatography (LAC)-based and hydrazide chemistry
(HC)-based enrichments. Here we report the LC–MS/MS quantitative
analyses of human blood serum glycoproteins and glycopeptides associated
with esophageal diseases by LAC- and HC-based enrichment. The separate
and complementary qualitative and quantitative data analyses of protein
glycosylation were performed using both enrichment techniques. Chemometric
and statistical evaluations, PCA plots, or ANOVA test, respectively,
were employed to determine and confirm candidate cancer-associated
glycoprotein/glycopeptide biomarkers. Out of 139, 59 common glycoproteins
(42% overlap) were observed in both enrichment techniques. This overlap
is very similar to previously published studies. The quantitation
and evaluation of significantly changed glycoproteins/glycopeptides
are complementary between LAC and HC enrichments. LC–ESI–MS/MS
analyses indicated that 7 glycoproteins enriched by LAC and 11 glycoproteins
enriched by HC showed significantly different abundances between disease-free
and disease cohorts. Multiple reaction monitoring quantitation resulted
in 13 glycopeptides by LAC enrichment and 10 glycosylation sites by
HC enrichment to be statistically different among disease cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehwang Song
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University , Memorial Circle & Boston, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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17
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Perduca M, Bovi M, Bertinelli M, Bertini E, Destefanis L, Carrizo ME, Capaldi S, Monaco HL. High-resolution structures of mutants of residues that affect access to the ligand-binding cavity of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:2125-38. [PMID: 25084332 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714012462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of the 9,11-endoperoxide group of PGH2 (prostaglandin H2) to produce PGD2 (prostaglandin D2) with 9-hydroxy and 11-keto groups. The product of the reaction, PGD2, is the precursor of several metabolites involved in many regulatory events. L-PGDS, the first member of the important lipocalin family to be recognized as an enzyme, is also able to bind and transport small hydrophobic molecules and was formerly known as β-trace protein, the second most abundant protein in human cerebrospinal fluid. Previous structural work on the mouse and human proteins has focused on the identification of the amino acids responsible and the proposal of a mechanism for catalysis. In this paper, the X-ray structures of the apo and holo forms (bound to PEG) of the C65A mutant of human L-PGDS at 1.40 Å resolution and of the double mutant C65A/K59A at 1.60 Å resolution are reported. The apo forms of the double mutants C65A/W54F and C65A/W112F and the triple mutant C65A/W54F/W112F have also been studied. Mutation of the lysine residue does not seem to affect the binding of PEG to the ligand-binding cavity, and mutation of a single or both tryptophans appears to have the same effect on the position of these two aromatic residues at the entrance to the cavity. A solvent molecule has also been identified in an invariant position in the cavity of virtually all of the molecules present in the nine asymmetric units of the crystals that have been examined. Taken together, these observations indicate that the residues that have been mutated indeed appear to play a role in the entrance-exit process of the substrate and/or other ligands into/out of the binding cavity of the lipocalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Perduca
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Bovi
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mattia Bertinelli
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertini
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Destefanis
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Maria E Carrizo
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CP 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stefano Capaldi
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Hugo L Monaco
- Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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18
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Binda C, Génier S, Cartier A, Larrivée JF, Stankova J, Young JC, Parent JL. A G protein-coupled receptor and the intracellular synthase of its agonist functionally cooperate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 204:377-93. [PMID: 24493589 PMCID: PMC3912537 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201304015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The GPCR DP1 promotes the activity of L-PGDS, the enzyme that produces the DP1 agonist PGD2, while at the same time L-PGDS promotes the export and activity of DP1 in response to PGD2. Export of newly synthesized G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) remains poorly characterized. We show in this paper that lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) synthase (L-PGDS) interacts intracellularly with the GPCR DP1 in an agonist-independent manner. L-PGDS promotes cell surface expression of DP1, but not of other GPCRs, in HEK293 and HeLa cells, independent of L-PGDS enzyme activity. In addition, formation of a DP1–Hsp90 complex necessary for DP1 export to the cell surface is dependent on the interaction between L-PGDS and the C-terminal MEEVD residues of Hsp90. Surprisingly, PGD2 synthesis by L-PGDS is promoted by coexpression of DP1, suggesting a possible intracrine/autocrine signaling mechanism. In this regard, L-PGDS increases the formation of a DP1–ERK1/2 complex and increases DP1-mediated ERK1/2 signaling. Our findings define a novel cooperative mechanism in which a GPCR (DP1) promotes the activity of the enzyme (L-PGDS) that produces its agonist (PGD2) and in which this enzyme in turn acts as a cofactor (of Hsp90) to promote export and agonist-dependent activity of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Binda
- Service de Rhumatologie, Département de Médecine, 2 Programme d'Immunologie, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, and 3 Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
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19
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Shimamoto S, Maruo H, Yoshida T, Ohkubo T. ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁵N resonance assignments of mouse lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase/substrate analog complex. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2014; 8:129-132. [PMID: 23361378 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-013-9467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalin-type Prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) acts as the PGD2-synthesizing enzyme in the brain of various mammalian species. It belongs to the lipocalin superfamily and is the first member of this family to be recognized as an enzyme. Although the solution and crystal structure of L-PGDS has been determined to understand the molecular mechanism of catalytic reaction, the structural analysis of L-PGDS in complex with its substrate remains to be performed. Here, we present the nearly complete assignment of the backbone and side chain resonances of L-PGDS/substrate analog (U-46619) complex. This study lays the essential basis for further understanding the substrate recognition mechanism of L-PGDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Shimamoto
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan,
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20
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Zhang J, Corbett JR, Plymire DA, Greenberg BM, Patrie SM. Proteoform analysis of lipocalin-type prostaglandinD-synthase from human cerebrospinal fluid by isoelectric focusing and superficially porous liquid chromatography with Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Proteomics 2014; 14:1223-31. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Zhang
- Department of Pathology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; TX USA
| | - John R. Corbett
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Texas at Dallas; TX USA
| | - Daniel A. Plymire
- Department of Pathology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; TX USA
| | | | - Steven M. Patrie
- Department of Pathology; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; TX USA
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21
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Fine-tuned broad binding capability of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase for various small lipophilic ligands. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:962-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Ruiz M, Ganfornina MD, Correnti C, Strong RK, Sanchez D. Ligand binding-dependent functions of the lipocalin NLaz: an in vivo study in Drosophila. FASEB J 2013; 28:1555-67. [PMID: 24361577 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-240556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalins are small extracellular proteins mostly described as lipid carriers. The Drosophila lipocalin NLaz (neural Lazarillo) modulates the IIS pathway and regulates longevity, stress resistance, and behavior. Here, we test whether a native hydrophobic pocket structure is required for NLaz to perform its functions. We use a point mutation altering the binding pocket (NLaz(L130R)) and control mutations outside NLaz binding pocket. Tryptophan fluorescence titration reveals that NLaz(L130R) loses its ability to bind ergosterol and the pheromone 7(z)-tricosene but retains retinoic acid binding. Using site-directed transgenesis in Drosophila, we test the functionality of the ligand binding-altered lipocalin at the organism level. NLaz-dependent life span reduction, oxidative stress and starvation sensitivity, aging markers accumulation, and deficient courtship are rescued by overexpression of NLaz(WT), but not of NLaz(L130R). Transcriptional responses to aging and oxidative stress show a large set of age-responsive genes dependent on the integrity of NLaz binding pocket. Inhibition of IIS activity and modulation of oxidative stress and infection-responsive genes are binding pocket-dependent processes. Control of energy metabolites on starvation appears to be, however, insensitive to the modification of the NLaz binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ruiz
- 2Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, c/Sanz y Forés 3, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
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23
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The crystal structure of human protein α1M reveals a chromophore-binding site and two putative protein–protein interfaces. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:346-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Lim SM, Chen D, Teo H, Roos A, Jansson AE, Nyman T, Trésaugues L, Pervushin K, Nordlund P. Structural and dynamic insights into substrate binding and catalysis of human lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1630-1643. [PMID: 23526831 PMCID: PMC3646464 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m035410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) regulates synthesis of an important inflammatory and signaling mediator, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Here, we used structural, biophysical, and biochemical approaches to address the mechanistic aspects of substrate entry, catalysis, and product exit of this enzyme. Structure of human L-PGDS was solved in a complex with a substrate analog (SA) and in ligand-free form. Its catalytic Cys 65 thiol group was found in two different conformations, each making a distinct hydrogen bond network to neighboring residues. These help in elucidating the mechanism of the cysteine nucleophile activation. Electron density for ligand observed in the active site defined the substrate binding regions, but did not allow unambiguous fitting of the SA. To further understand ligand binding, we used NMR spectroscopy to map the binding sites and to show the dynamics of protein-substrate and protein-product interactions. A model for ligand binding at the catalytic site is proposed, showing a second binding site involved in ligand exit and entry. NMR chemical shift perturbations and NMR resonance line-width alterations (observed as changes of intensity in two-dimensional cross-peaks in [¹H,¹⁵N]-transfer relaxation optimization spectroscopy) for residues at the Ω loop (A-B loop), E-F loop, and G-H loop besides the catalytic sites indicate involvement of these residues in ligand entry/egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing Mei Lim
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Chen
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Hsiangling Teo
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Annette Roos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Elisabet Jansson
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Tomas Nyman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lionel Trésaugues
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Pervushin
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and.
| | - Pär Nordlund
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Systematic interaction analysis of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase with small lipophilic ligands. Biochem J 2012; 446:279-89. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
L-PGDS [lipocalin-type PG (prostaglandin) D synthase] is a multi-functional protein, acting as a PGD2-producing enzyme and a lipid-transporter. In the present study, we focus on the function of L-PGDS as an extracellular transporter for small lipophilic molecules. We characterize the binding mechanism of human L-PGDS for the molecules, especially binding affinity stoichiometry and driving force, using tryptophan fluorescence quenching, ICD (induced circular dichroism) and ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry). The tryptophan fluorescence quenching measurements revealed that haem metabolites such as haemin, biliverdin and bilirubin bind to L-PGDS with significantly higher affinities than the other small lipophilic ligands examined, showing dissociation constant (Kd) values from 17.0 to 20.9 nM. We focused particularly on the extra-specificities of haem metabolites and L-PGDS. The ITC and ICD data revealed that two molecules of the haem metabolites bind to L-PGDS with high and low affinities, showing Kd values from 2.8 to 18.1 nM and from 0.209 to 1.63 μM respectively. The thermodynamic parameters for the interactions revealed that the contributions of enthalpy and entropy change were considerably different for each haem metabolite even when the Gibbs energy change was the same. Thus we believe that the binding energy of haem metabolites to L-PGDS is optimized by balancing enthalpy and entropy change.
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26
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Fariello RM, Pariz JR, Spaine DM, Gozzo FC, Pilau EJ, Fraietta R, Bertolla RP, Andreoni C, Cedenho AP. Effect of smoking on the functional aspects of sperm and seminal plasma protein profiles in patients with varicocele. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:3140-9. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Shafi T, Parekh RS, Jaar BG, Plantinga LC, Oberai PC, Eckfeldt JH, Levey AS, Powe NR, Coresh J. Serum β-trace protein and risk of mortality in incident hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7:1435-45. [PMID: 22745274 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.02240312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Residual kidney function in dialysis patients is associated with better survival, but there are no simple methods for its assessment. β-Trace protein is a novel endogenous filtration marker of kidney function that is not removed during hemodialysis and may serve as a marker for residual kidney function similar to serum creatinine in patients not on dialysis. The objective of this study was to determine the association of serum β-trace protein with mortality in incident hemodialysis patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Serum β-trace protein was measured in baseline samples from 503 participants of a national prospective cohort study of incident dialysis patients with enrollment during 1995-1998 and follow-up until 2004. Outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality analyzed using Cox regression adjusted for demographic, clinical, and treatment factors. RESULTS Serum β-trace protein levels were higher in individuals with no urine output compared with individuals with urine output (9.0±3.5 versus 7.6±3.1 mg/L; P<0.001). There were 321 deaths (159 deaths from cardiovascular disease) during follow-up (median=3.3 years). Higher β-trace protein levels were associated with higher risk of mortality. The adjusted hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for all-cause mortality per doubling of serum β-trace protein was 1.36 (1.09-1.69). The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality in the middle and highest tertiles compared with the lowest tertile were 0.95 (0.69-1.32) and 1.72 (1.25-2.37). Similar results were noted for cardiovascular disease mortality. CONCLUSIONS The serum level of β-trace protein is an independent predictor of death and cardiovascular disease mortality in incident hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Shafi
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 301 Mason Lord Drive, Suite 2500, Baltimore, MD 21224-2780, USA.
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28
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Zhang Z, Luo M, Huang A, Dong Y, Wang D. Cloning, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of human α1-microglobulin. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:692-4. [PMID: 22684072 PMCID: PMC3370912 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112016569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
α(1)-Microglobulin (α(1)m) is one of the phylogenetically most widespread lipocalins and is distributed in various organs and tissues, including liver, heart, eye, kidney, brain, lung, pancreas and skeletal muscle. α(1)m has been found to exert multifarious functions, including interacting with IgA, albumin and prothrombin, binding strongly to haem and exhibiting reductase activity. Nevertheless, little structural information is available regarding these functions of α(1)m. Since determination of three-dimensional structure is a powerful means of functional characterization, X-ray crystallography was used to accomplish this task. Here, the expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human α(1)m are reported. The crystal belonged to space group P4(3), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 36.45, c = 112.68 Å, and diffracted to a resolution of 2.0 Å. The crystals are most likely to contain one molecule in the asymmetric unit, with a V(M) value of 1.63 Å(3) Da(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengqiang Gao
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Bresson E, Lacroix-Pépin N, Boucher-Kovalik S, Chapdelaine P, Fortier MA. The Prostaglandin F Synthase Activity of the Human Aldose Reductase AKR1B1 Brings New Lenses to Look at Pathologic Conditions. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:98. [PMID: 22654757 PMCID: PMC3360414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins are important regulators of female reproductive functions to which aldose reductases exhibiting hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity also contribute. Our work on the regulation of reproductive function by prostaglandins (PGs), lead us to the discovery that AKR1B5 and later AKR1B1were highly efficient and physiologically relevant PGF synthases. PGE2 and PGF2α are the main prostanoids produced in the human endometrium and proper balance in their relative production is important for normal menstruation and optimal fertility. Recent evidence suggests that PGE2/EP2 and PGF2α/FP may constitute a functional dyad with physiological relevance comparable to the prostacyclin-thromboxane dyad in the vascular system. We have recently reported that AKR1B1 was expressed and modulated in association with PGF2α production in response to IL-1β in the human endometrium. In the present study, we show that the human AKR1B1 (gene ID: 231) also known as ALDR1 or ALR2 is a functional PGF2α synthase in different models of living cells and tissues. Using human endometrial cells, prostate, and vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells we demonstrate that IL-1β is able to up regulate COX-2 and AKR1B1 proteins as well as PGF2α production under normal glucose concentrations. We show that the promoter activity of AKR1B1 gene is increased by IL-1β particularly around the multiple stress response region containing two putative antioxidant response elements adjacent to TonE and AP1. We also show that AKR1B1 is able to regulate PGE2 production through PGF2α acting on its FP receptor and that aldose reductase inhibitors like alrestatin, Statil (ponalrestat), and EBPC exhibit distinct and characteristic inhibition of PGF2α production in different cell models. The PGF synthase activity of AKR1B1 represents a new and important target to regulate ischemic and inflammatory responses associated with several human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bresson
- Unité de Recherche en Ontogénie et Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Département d'Obstétrique et Gynécologie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy QC, Canada
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30
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Urade Y, Hayaishi O. Prostaglandin D2 and sleep/wake regulation. Sleep Med Rev 2012; 15:411-8. [PMID: 22024172 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) D2 is the most potent endogenous sleep-promoting substance. PGD2 is produced by lipocalin-type PGD synthase localized in the leptomeninges, choroid plexus, and oligodendrocytes in the brain, and is secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid as a sleep hormone. PGD2 stimulates DP1 receptors localized in the leptomeninges under the basal forebrain and the hypothalamus. As a consequence, adenosine is released as a paracrine sleep-promoting molecule to activate adenosine A2A receptor-expressing sleep-promoting neurons and to inhibit adenosine A1 receptor-possessing arousal neurons. PGD2 activates a center of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep regulation in the ventrolateral preoptic area, probably mediated by adenosine signaling, which activation inhibits the histaminergic arousal center in the tuberomammillary nucleus via descending GABAergic and galaninergic projections. The administration of a lipocalin-type PGD synthase inhibitor (SeCl4), DP1 antagonist (ONO-4127Na) or adenosine A2A receptor antagonist (caffeine) suppresses both NREM and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, indicating that the PGD2-adenosine system is crucial for the maintenance of physiological sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Urade
- Department of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 6-2-4, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565 0874, Japan.
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31
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Smith WL, Urade Y, Jakobsson PJ. Enzymes of the cyclooxygenase pathways of prostanoid biosynthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5821-65. [PMID: 21942677 PMCID: PMC3285496 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William L Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 5301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5606, USA.
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32
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Theoretical studies on model reaction pathways of prostaglandin H2 isomerization to prostaglandin D2/E2. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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