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Qiu H, Fu Y, Guo Z, Zhang X, Wang X, Wu H. Dysregulated microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs associated with extracellular matrix stiffness. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:114014. [PMID: 38547959 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness regulates development and homeostasis in vivo and affects both physiological and pathological processes. A variety of studies have demonstrated that mRNAs, such as Piezo1, integrin β1, and Yes-associated protein (YAP)/tafazzin (TAZ), can sense the mechanical signals induced by ECM stiffness and transmit them from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been reported to play important roles in various cellular processes. Therefore, the interactions between ncRNAs and ECM stiffness, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, have become intriguing. In this review, we summarize recent findings on miRNAs and lncRNAs that interact with ECM stiffness. Several miRNAs and lncRNAs are involved in the progression of liver cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and cardiovascular diseases under the regulation of ECM stiffness. Through these ncRNAs, cellular behaviors including cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are affected by ECM stiffness. We also integrate the ncRNA signaling pathways associated with ECM stiffness, in which typical signaling pathways like integrin β1/TGFβ1, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and EMT are involved. Although our understanding of the relationships between ncRNAs and ECM stiffness is still limited, further investigations may provide new insights for disease treatment. ECM-associated ncRNAs may serve as disease biomarkers or be targeted by drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qiu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Yangpu, 200093, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhinan Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China; School of Sports and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinjia Zhang
- School of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinyue Wang
- School of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Santovito D, Weber C. Non-canonical features of microRNAs: paradigms emerging from cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:620-638. [PMID: 35304600 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are versatile regulators of gene expression has instigated tremendous interest in cardiovascular research. The overwhelming majority of studies are predicated on the dogmatic notion that miRNAs regulate the expression of specific target mRNAs by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA decay in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). These efforts mostly identified and dissected contributions of multiple regulatory networks of miRNA-target mRNAs to cardiovascular pathogenesis. However, evidence from studies in the past decade indicates that miRNAs also operate beyond this canonical paradigm, featuring non-conventional regulatory functions and cellular localizations that have a pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we highlight the functional relevance of atypical miRNA biogenesis and localization as well as RISC heterogeneity. Moreover, we delineate remarkable non-canonical examples of miRNA functionality, including direct interactions with proteins beyond the Argonaute family and their role in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus and in mitochondria. We scrutinize the relevance of non-conventional biogenesis and non-canonical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathology, and contextualize how uncovering these non-conventional properties can expand the scope of translational research in the cardiovascular field and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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3
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Sharma A, Gupta S, Archana S, Verma RS. Emerging Trends in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications for Cardiac Regenerative Therapy: Current Status and Advances. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1546-1602. [PMID: 35122226 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible myocardium infarction is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related death and its quantum is expected to grow in coming years. Pharmacological intervention has been at the forefront to ameliorate injury-related morbidity and mortality. However, its outcomes are highly skewed. As an alternative, stem cell-based tissue engineering/regenerative medicine has been explored quite extensively to regenerate the damaged myocardium. The therapeutic modality that has been most widely studied both preclinically and clinically is based on adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) delivered to the injured heart. However, there is debate over the mechanistic therapeutic role of MSC in generating functional beating cardiomyocytes. This review intends to emphasize the role and use of MSC in cardiac regenerative therapy (CRT). We have elucidated in detail, the various aspects related to the history and progress of MSC use in cardiac tissue engineering and its multiple strategies to drive cardiomyogenesis. We have further discussed with a focus on the various therapeutic mechanism uncovered in recent times that has a significant role in ameliorating heart-related problems. We reviewed recent and advanced technologies using MSC to develop/create tissue construct for use in cardiac regenerative therapy. Finally, we have provided the latest update on the usage of MSC in clinical trials and discussed the outcome of such studies in realizing the full potential of MSC use in clinical management of cardiac injury as a cellular therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sharma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santosh Gupta
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Archana
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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Yan N, Xiao C, Wang X, Xu Z, Yang J. Tanshinone IIA from Salvia miltiorrhiza exerts anti-fibrotic effects on cardiac fibroblasts and rat heart tissues by suppressing the levels of pro-fibrotic factors: The key role of miR-618. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14078. [PMID: 35014054 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TAN) is widely employed for handling cardiovascular disorders. The current study explored the potential role of miRs in the antifibrotic effect of TAN on heart. Fibrotic features were induced in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and in rat hearts, and then handled with TAN. MicroRNAs (miRs) responding to TAN were determined using a microarray assay. The selected miR was modulated to verify its role in antifibrotic effects of TAN. TAN suppressed the viability and the production of α-SMA in CFs, which was associated with 101 miR being upregulated and 223 miR being downregulated. MiR-618 was selected as the potential target of TAN. Ang II inhibited miR-618 level and resulted in the upregulation of pro-fibrosis factors, which was reversed by TAN. The antifibrotic effect of TAN was weakened by miR-618 inhibition. TAN inhibits hypertrophy and collagen deposition in heart tissues, which is associated with the increased level of miR-618. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings outlined in the current study show that the antifibrotic function of TAN is closely related to the function of miRs: the induction of miR-618 is indispensable for the function of TAN against the fibrotic process after heart injury, which will promote the application of TAN as an adjuvant therapy for improving heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yan
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunqing Xiao
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xianggui Wang
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zufang Xu
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiangyong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, China
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5
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Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Sahebdel F, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. Key miRNAs in Modulating Aging and Longevity: A Focus on Signaling Pathways and Cellular Targets. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:736-762. [PMID: 34533452 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210917141541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial procedure accompanied by gradual deterioration of most biological procedures of cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of mRNAs through sequence-specific binding, and contributing to many crucial aspects of cell biology. Several miRNAs are expressed differently in various organisms through aging. The function of miRNAs in modulating aging procedures has been disclosed recently with the detection of miRNAs that modulate longevity in the invertebrate model organisms, through the IIS pathway. In these model organisms, several miRNAs have been detected to both negatively and positively regulate lifespan via commonly aging pathways. miRNAs modulate age-related procedures and disorders in different mammalian tissues by measuring their tissue-specific expression in older and younger counterparts, including heart, skin, bone, brain, and muscle tissues. Moreover, several miRNAs have been contributed to modulating senescence in different human cells, and the roles of these miRNAs in modulating cellular senescence have allowed illustrating some mechanisms of aging. The review discusses the available data on miRNAs through the aging process and we highlight the roles of miRNAs as aging biomarkers and regulators of longevity in cellular senescence, tissue aging, and organism lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliabbas Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faezeh Sahebdel
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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6
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Xu X, Su YL, Shi JY, Lu Q, Chen C. MicroRNA-17-5p Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy by Targeting Mfn2 to Inhibit Autophagy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:759-771. [PMID: 34120306 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the leading cause of heart failure, and miRNAs have been recognized as key factors in cardiac hypertrophy. This study aimed to elucidate whether miR-17-5p affects cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2)-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and regulating autophagy. miR-17-5p expression was shown to be upregulated both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, a miR-17-5p inhibitor significantly reversed AngII-induced cell hypertrophy in neonatal rat left ventricle myocytes (NRVMs). In contrast to miR-17-5p expression, Mfn2 expression was inhibited in rat hearts at 4 weeks after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and in an Ang II-induced cell hypertrophy model. We examined miR-17-5p targeting of Mfn2 by dual luciferase reporter and Western blot assays. In addition, we also verified the relationship between Mfn2 and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mfn2 overexpression attenuated miR-17-5p-induced cell hypertrophy, and in rat myocardial tissue, miR-17-5p induced autophagy inhibition. In summary, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-17-5p inhibits Mfn2 expression, activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and suppresses autophagy to promote cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Ling Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Reducing Cardiac Injury during ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Reasoned Approach to a Multitarget Therapeutic Strategy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132968. [PMID: 34279451 PMCID: PMC8268641 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The significant reduction in ‘ischemic time’ through capillary diffusion of primary percutaneous intervention (pPCI) has rendered myocardial-ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) prevention a major issue in order to improve the prognosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. In fact, while the ischemic damage increases with the severity and the duration of blood flow reduction, reperfusion injury reaches its maximum with a moderate amount of ischemic injury. MIRI leads to the development of post-STEMI left ventricular remodeling (post-STEMI LVR), thereby increasing the risk of arrhythmias and heart failure. Single pharmacological and mechanical interventions have shown some benefits, but have not satisfactorily reduced mortality. Therefore, a multitarget therapeutic strategy is needed, but no univocal indications have come from the clinical trials performed so far. On the basis of the results of the consistent clinical studies analyzed in this review, we try to design a randomized clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effects of a reasoned multitarget therapeutic strategy on the prevention of post-STEMI LVR. In fact, we believe that the correct timing of pharmacological and mechanical intervention application, according to their specific ability to interfere with survival pathways, may significantly reduce the incidence of post-STEMI LVR and thus improve patient prognosis.
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8
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of death in both developing and developed countries worldwide. Even though there have been improvements in primary prevention, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to increase in recent years. Hence, it is crucial to both investigate the molecular pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases in-depth and find novel biomarkers regarding the early and proper prevention and diagnosis of these diseases. MicroRNAs, or miRNAs, are endogenous, conserved, single-stranded non-coding RNAs of 21-25 nucleotides in length. miRNAs have important roles in various cellular events such as embryogenesis, proliferation, vasculogenesis, apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. They also have potential roles in the cardiovascular system, including angiogenesis, cardiac cell contractility, control of lipid metabolism, plaque formation, the arrangement of cardiac rhythm, and cardiac cell growth. Circulating miRNAs are promising novel biomarkers for purposes of the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Cell or tissue specificity, stability in serum or plasma, resistance to degradative factors such as freeze-thaw cycles or enzymes in the blood, and fast-release kinetics, provide the potential for miRNAs to be surrogate markers for the early and accurate diagnosis of disease and for predicting middle- or long-term prognosis. Moreover, it may be a logical approach to combine miRNAs with traditional biomarkers to improve risk stratification and long-term prognosis. In addition to their efficacy in both diagnosis and prognosis, miRNA-based therapeutics may be beneficial for treating cardiovascular diseases using novel platforms and computational tools and in combination with traditional methods of analysis. microRNAs are promising, novel therapeutic agents, which can affect multiple genes using different signaling pathways. miRNAs therapeutic modulation techniques have been used in the settings of atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, restenosis, vascular remodeling, arrhythmias, hypertrophy and fibrosis, angiogenesis and cardiogenesis, aortic aneurysm, pulmonary hypertension, and ischemic injury. This review presents detailed information about miRNAs regarding structure and biogenesis, stages of synthesis and functions, expression profiles in serum/plasma of living organisms, diagnostic and prognostic potential as novel biomarkers, and therapeutic applications in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Demir
- Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Research and Training Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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9
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Kinser HE, Pincus Z. MicroRNAs as modulators of longevity and the aging process. Hum Genet 2019; 139:291-308. [PMID: 31297598 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally repress translation or induce mRNA degradation of target transcripts through sequence-specific binding. miRNAs target hundreds of transcripts to regulate diverse biological pathways and processes, including aging. Many microRNAs are differentially expressed during aging, generating interest in their use as aging biomarkers and roles as regulators of the aging process. In the invertebrates Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, a number of miRNAs have been found to both positive and negatively modulate longevity through canonical aging pathways. Recent studies have also shown that miRNAs regulate age-associated processes and pathologies in a diverse array of mammalian tissues, including brain, heart, bone, and muscle. The review will present an overview of these studies, highlighting the role of individual miRNAs as biomarkers of aging and regulators of longevity and tissue-specific aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Kinser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Zachary Pincus
- Department of Developmental Biology and Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA.
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10
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Abstract
Myocardial infarction and post-infarction left ventricular remodelling involve a high risk of morbidity and mortality. For this reason, ongoing research is being conducted in order to learn the mechanisms of unfavourable left ventricular remodelling following a myocardial infarction. New biomarkers are also being sought that would allow for early identification of patients with a high risk of post-infarction remodelling and dysfunction of the left ventricle. In recent years, there has been ever more experimental data that confirms the significance of microRNA in cardiovascular diseases. It has been confirmed that microRNAs are stable in systemic circulation, and can be directly measured in patients' blood. It has been found that significant changes occur in the concentrations of various types of microRNA in myocardial infarction and heart failure patients. Various types of microRNA are also currently being intensively researched in terms of their usefulness as markers of cardiomyocyte necrosis, and predictors of the post-infarction heart failure development. This paper is a summary of the current knowledge on the significance of microRNA in post-infarction left ventricular remodelling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczysław Dutka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bielsko-Biala, Faculty of Health Sciences, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
| | - Rafał Bobiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bielsko-Biala, Faculty of Health Sciences, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bielsko-Biala, Faculty of Health Sciences, Willowa St. 2, 43-309, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
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Exosomes Derived from TIMP2-Modified Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance the Repair Effect in Rat Model with Myocardial Infarction Possibly by the Akt/Sfrp2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1958941. [PMID: 31182988 PMCID: PMC6512021 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1958941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) are a promising new therapeutic option for myocardial infarction (MI). The tissue matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 2, also known as TIMP2, is a member of the tissue inhibitor family of metalloproteinases. Since TIMP2-mediated inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a key determinant of post-MI remodeling, we analyzed the therapeutic effects of exosomes derived from TIMP2-overexpressing hucMSCs (huc-exoTIMP2) on the MI rat model. The huc-exoTIMP2 significantly improved in vivo cardiac function as measured by echocardiography and promoted angiogenesis in MI injury. It also restricted extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, as indicated by the reduced collagen deposition. In addition, huc-exoTIMP2 administration increased the in situ expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and decreased that of the proapoptotic Bax and pro-caspase-9 in the infracted myocardium. Meanwhile, huc-exoTIMP2 upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as glutathione (GSH) and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in MI models. In vitro huc-exoTIMP2 pretreatment could inhibit H2O2-mediated H9C2-cardiomyocyte apoptosis and promote human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation, migration, and tube formation, as well as decrease TGFβ-induced MMP2, MMP9, and α-SMA secretion by cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Besides that, huc-exoTIMP2 pretreatment also increased the expression of Akt phosphorylation in the infarcted myocardium, which may relate to a high level of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (Sfrp2) in huc-exoTIMP2, indicating a mechanistic basis of its action. Importantly, Sfrp2 knockdown in huc-exoTIMP2 abrogated the protective effects. Taken together, huc-exoTIMP2 improved cardiac function by alleviating MI-induced oxidative stress and ECM remodeling, partly via the Akt/Sfrp2 pathway.
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Girdauskas E, Petersen J, Neumann N, Naito S, Gross T, Jagodzinski A, Reichenspurner H, Zeller T. Novel Approaches for BAV Aortopathy Prediction-Is There a Need for Cohort Studies and Biomarkers? Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8030058. [PMID: 30029528 PMCID: PMC6164692 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is the most common congenital malformation of the human heart with a prevalence of 1–2% in the general population. More than half of patients with a BAV present with a dilated proximal aorta (so-called bicuspid aortopathy) which is associated with an enhanced risk of life-threatening aortic complications. Up to now, the pathogenesis of bicuspid aortopathy as well as the risk stratification of aortic complications has not yet been sufficiently clarified. Recent findings have shown that bicuspid aortopathy features phenotypic heterogeneity. Two distinct valvulo-aortic phenotypes, the so-called root phenotype, as well as a dilation of the tubular ascending aorta, coincide with a significantly different risk for aortal complications. However, the phenotype-based classification that is only based on these two clinical forms is not sufficient to estimate the risk of aortal complications in a prognostically relevant way. Therefore, there is growing clinical interest to assess novel approaches in BAV research and to introduce circulating biomarkers as an elegant diagnostic tool to improve risk stratification in BAV aortopathy. A large scale epidemiological cohort study, ranking from apparently healthy individuals to disease patients, and comprehensive biobanks provide the opportunity to study BAV disease and its complications and to identify novel biomarkers for BAV aortopathy surveillance and prognosis. Firstly, the data indicate that several protein-based biomarkers and non-coding RNA molecules, in particular circulating microRNAs, can serve as relevant molecular biomarkers to predict the course of BAV-associated aortopathy. Here, we review the current literature and knowledge about BAV from a clinical point of view, and report about novel approaches in BAV biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Petersen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Niklas Neumann
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Shiho Naito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tatiana Gross
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Annika Jagodzinski
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Tanja Zeller
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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13
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Piperigkou Z, Götte M, Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Insights into the key roles of epigenetics in matrix macromolecules-associated wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:16-36. [PMID: 29079535 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic network of macromolecules, playing a regulatory role in cell functions, tissue regeneration and remodeling. Wound healing is a tissue repair process necessary for the maintenance of the functionality of tissues and organs. This highly orchestrated process is divided into four temporally overlapping phases, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling. The dynamic interplay between ECM and resident cells exerts its critical role in many aspects of wound healing, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, matrix degradation and biosynthesis. Several epigenetic regulatory factors, such as the endogenous non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), are the drivers of the wound healing response. microRNAs have pivotal roles in regulating ECM composition during wound healing and dermal regeneration. Their expression is associated with the distinct phases of wound healing and they serve as target biomarkers and targets for systematic regulation of wound repair. In this article we critically present the importance of epigenetics with particular emphasis on miRNAs regulating ECM components (i.e. glycoproteins, proteoglycans and matrix proteases) that are key players in wound healing. The clinical relevance of miRNA targeting as well as the delivery strategies designed for clinical applications are also presented and discussed.
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14
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Wu J, Song HF, Li SH, Guo J, Tsang K, Tumiati L, Butany J, Yau TM, Ouzounian M, Fu S, David TE, Weisel RD, Li RK. Progressive Aortic Dilation Is Regulated by miR-17-Associated miRNAs. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 67:2965-77. [PMID: 27339495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) are at increased risk for progressive aortic dilation associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). However, the mechanisms responsible for initiating this process are unknown. In the heart, MMP activity is regulated by micro-ribonucleic acid-17 (miR-17)-related downregulation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP); a similar process may exist in the aorta. OBJECTIVES This study sought to ascertain whether aortic matrix degradation in BAV patients progresses by miR-17-related miRNA regulation of TIMP-MMP. METHODS To eliminate confounding patient-related factors, severely dilated and less dilated aortic tissue samples were collected from 12 BAV patients. Gene and protein expression levels were evaluated in paired tissue samples from the same patient and were compared to aortic samples from 16 patients with aortas that appeared to be normal. RESULTS Gene expression analyses confirmed increased expression of miR-17-related miRNAs in less dilated compared with severely dilated tissue from the same patient or normal aortic sample. TIMP-1, -2, and -3 were significantly decreased, and MMP2 activity was significantly increased in less dilated samples, suggesting that this normal-looking tissue was in the early stages of ECM degradation. Smooth muscle cells isolated from normal or BAV aortas transfected with an miR-17 mimic had decreased TIMP-1 and -2 expression and increased MMP2 activity, whereas the opposite effects were seen with an miR-17 inhibitor, suggesting that miR-17 may control the TIMP-MMP balance in these tissues. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-17 regulated TIMP-1 and -2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro and in vivo studies taken together confirm that miR-17 directly regulates TIMP-1 and -2. Less dilated aortic BAV tissue may be in the initial stages of dilation under the control of miR-17-related miRNAs. New therapies that inhibit these miRNAs may prevent aortic dilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hui-Fang Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shu-Hong Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Guo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Tsang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Tumiati
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jagdish Butany
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terrence M Yau
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maral Ouzounian
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tirone E David
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard D Weisel
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Hendgen-Cotta UB, Messiha D, Esfeld S, Deenen R, Rassaf T, Totzeck M. Inorganic nitrite modulates miRNA signatures in acute myocardial in vivo ischemia/reperfusion. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:91-102. [PMID: 28090786 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1282158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of mortality in the industrialized world. While it is essential to attempt an early reperfusion of ischemic myocardial territories, reperfusion itself adds damage to the heart, the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Particularly the injury resulting from the very first minutes of reperfusion remains incompletely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dynamic regulators in I/R injury. Nitric oxide (•NO) signaling, in turn, interacts with miRNA signaling. Our previous investigations showed that •NO signaling in I/R could be modulated by nitrite. We therefore sought to investigate the role of miRNAs in nitrite cardioprotection with focus on the first few minutes of reperfusion. The study was conducted in mice in vivo with 30 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion. Mice received a single-dose of nitrite or saline intracardially 5 min prior to reperfusion. We identified nine miRNAs to be up-regulated after 5 min of reperfusion. The up-regulation of almost half of those miRNAs (miR-125a-5p, miR-146b, miR-339-3p, miR-433) was inhibited by nitrite treatment, perpetuating baseline values. In silico analysis revealed the Irak-M gene to be a target of miR-146b and miR-339-3p. Correspondingly, a rise in Irak-M transcript and protein levels occurred by nitrite treatment within the early phase of reperfusion. The results demonstrate that already a very short phase of reperfusion is sufficient for significant dysregulation in cardiac miRNAs expression and that nitrite preserves baseline values of miRNAs in the scale of only a few minutes. These findings hint at a potential novel cardioprotective mechanism of nitrite signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike B Hendgen-Cotta
- a Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Faculty , West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Daniel Messiha
- a Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Faculty , West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Sonja Esfeld
- a Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Faculty , West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - René Deenen
- b Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- a Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Faculty , West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Matthias Totzeck
- a Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Faculty , West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany
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16
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Xu HF, Gao XT, Lin JY, Xu XH, Hu J, Ding YJ, Zhu SH. MicroRNA-20b suppresses the expression of ZFP-148 in viral myocarditis. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 429:199-210. [PMID: 28247213 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral myocarditis is a common cardiovascular disease, which seriously endangers the health of people and even leads to sudden unexpected death. MicroRNAs play very important roles in various physical and pathological processes including cardiogenesis and heart diseases. In recent years, miR-20b has been implicated in various diseases such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiovascular diseases. However, the function of miR-20b in the pathological progress of viral myocarditis has not been reported. In this study, we found that miR-20b was up-regulated in mouse heart tissues post Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. Bioinformatics analysis identified ZFP-148, a transcription factor that plays essential roles in the regulation of virus replication, is one of the predicted targets of miR-20b. MiR-20b expression was found to be up-regulated and ZFP-148 protein level was markedly repressed during viral myocarditis. Further studies demonstrated that miR-20b directly binds to the 3'-UTR of ZFP-148 and suppresses its translation. Moreover, aberrant expression of miR-20b promoted the expression of anti-apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, suggesting that altered gene expression might promote cardiomyocytes survival in viral myocarditis. Our findings indicated that miR-20b might be a potential therapeutic target for CVB3-induced viral myocarditis and a useful marker for the diagnosis of viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fei Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou Dushuhu High Educational Town, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang-Ting Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou Dushuhu High Educational Town, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yi Lin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Hua Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou Dushuhu High Educational Town, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou Dushuhu High Educational Town, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Ding
- Department of dermatological, The second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Hua Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou Dushuhu High Educational Town, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Santana ET, Feliciano RDS, Serra AJ, Brigidio E, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Silva JA. Comparative mRNA and MicroRNA Profiling during Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Coronary Occlusion and Ablation Radio-Frequency Currents. Front Physiol 2016; 7:565. [PMID: 27932994 PMCID: PMC5123550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery is the most commonly used experimental model to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in rodents. A high mortality in the acute phase and the heterogeneity of the size of the MI obtained are drawbacks recognized in this model. In an attempt to solve the problem, our group recently developed a new MI experimental model which is based on application of myocardial ablation radio-frequency currents (AB-RF) that yielded MI with homogeneous sizes and significantly reduce acute mortality. In addition, cardiac structural, and functional changes aroused by AB-RF were similar to those seen in animals with MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Herein, we compared mRNA expression of genes that govern post-MI milieu in occlusion and ablation models. We analyzed 48 mRNAs expressions of nine different signal transduction pathways (cell survival and metabolism signs, matrix extracellular, cell cycle, oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium signaling, hypertrophy markers, angiogenesis, and inflammation) in rat left ventricle 1 week after MI generated by both coronary occlusion and AB-RF. Furthermore, high-throughput miRNA analysis was also assessed in both MI procedures. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels and miRNA expressions showed strong similarities between both models after MI, with few specificities in each model, activating similar signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of genomic alterations of mRNA and miRNA contents after two different MI procedures and identifies key signaling regulators modulating the pathophysiology of these two models that might culminate in heart failure. Furthermore, these analyses may contribute with the current knowledge concerning transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes of AB-RF protocol, arising as an alternative and effective MI method that reproduces most changes seem in coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Santana
- Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Dos Santos Feliciano
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil; Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Brigidio
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Morris
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - José A Silva
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Dellago H, Bobbili MR, Grillari J. MicroRNA-17-5p: At the Crossroads of Cancer and Aging - A Mini-Review. Gerontology 2016; 63:20-28. [PMID: 27577994 DOI: 10.1159/000447773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-17-92 cluster, led by its most prominent member, miR-17-5p, has been identified as the first miRNA with oncogenic potential. Thus, the whole cluster containing miR-17-5p has been termed oncomiR-1. It is strongly expressed in embryonic stem cells and has essential roles in vital processes like cell cycle regulation, proliferation and apoptosis. The importance of miR-17-5p for fundamental biological processes is underscored by the fact that a miR17-deficient mouse is neonatally lethal. Recently, miR-17-5p was identified in the context of aging, since it is comprised in a common signature of miRNAs that is downregulated in several models of aging research. Recently, miR-17-5p turned out to be the first 'longevimiR' in an animal model, extending the lifespan of a transgenic miR-17-5p-overexpressing mouse. Here, we summarize the current status of research on miR-17-5p with emphasis on its role in cellular senescence, aging and cancer, which points to a pleiotropic function of miR-17-5p regulating multiple targets involved in autophagy, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in a tissue-dependent fashion. In addition, its elevated presence in serum or plasma of a wide range of tumor patients suggests using it as an 'alarmiR', a general indicator of a potential tumor pathology. However, amounts of circulating miR-17-5p of healthy individuals as reference values are still missing, before any miRNA can be classified as such an 'alarmiR'. In conclusion, miR-17-5p is at the crossroads of aging, longevity and cancer and might represent a promising biomarker or even therapeutic tool and target in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dellago
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Retamal IN, Hernández R, González-Rivas C, Cáceres M, Arancibia R, Romero A, Martínez C, Tobar N, Martínez J, Smith PC. Methylglyoxal and methylglyoxal-modified collagen as inducers of cellular injury in gingival connective tissue cells. J Periodontal Res 2016; 51:812-821. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. N. Retamal
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - R. Hernández
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - C. González-Rivas
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - M. Cáceres
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - R. Arancibia
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - A. Romero
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - C. Martínez
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - N. Tobar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Laboratory of Cell Biology, University of Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - J. Martínez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Laboratory of Cell Biology, University of Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - P. C. Smith
- Dentistry Faculty of Medicine; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago Chile
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20
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Oglesby IK, Vencken SF, Agrawal R, Gaughan K, Molloy K, Higgins G, McNally P, McElvaney NG, Mall MA, Greene CM. miR-17 overexpression in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells decreases interleukin-8 production. Eur Respir J 2015; 46:1350-60. [PMID: 26160865 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00163414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-8 levels are higher than normal in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways, causing neutrophil infiltration and non-resolving inflammation. Overexpression of microRNAs that target IL-8 expression in airway epithelial cells may represent a therapeutic strategy for cystic fibrosis. IL-8 protein and mRNA were measured in cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchial brushings (n=20 per group). miRNAs decreased in the cystic fibrosis lung and predicted to target IL-8 mRNA were quantified in βENaC-transgenic, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (Cftr)-/- and wild-type mice, primary cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells and a range of cystic fibrosis versus non-cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cell lines or cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, Pseudomonas-conditioned medium or cystic fibrosis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The effect of miRNA overexpression on IL-8 protein production was measured. miR-17 regulates IL-8 and its expression was decreased in adult cystic fibrosis bronchial brushings, βENaC-transgenic mice and bronchial epithelial cells chronically stimulated with Pseudomonas-conditioned medium. Overexpression of miR-17 inhibited basal and agonist-induced IL-8 protein production in F508del-CFTR homozygous CFTE29o(-) tracheal, CFBE41o(-) and/or IB3 bronchial epithelial cells. These results implicate defective CFTR, inflammation, neutrophilia and mucus overproduction in regulation of miR-17. Modulating miR-17 expression in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells may be a novel anti-inflammatory strategy for cystic fibrosis and other chronic inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene K Oglesby
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Both authors contributed equally
| | - Sebastian F Vencken
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Both authors contributed equally
| | - Raman Agrawal
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Gaughan
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin Molloy
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Higgins
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul McNally
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catherine M Greene
- Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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21
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Takawale A, Sakamuri SS, Kassiri Z. Extracellular Matrix Communication and Turnover in Cardiac Physiology and Pathology. Compr Physiol 2015; 5:687-719. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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22
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Calway T, Kim GH. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs for Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 20:131-43. [PMID: 25261390 DOI: 10.1177/1074248414552902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of death in humans and are responsible for billions of dollars in health care expenditures. As the molecular basis of cardiac diseases continues to be explored, there remains the hope for identification of more effective therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as important regulators of numerous biological pathways and stress responses, including those found in cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA signatures of cardiovascular diseases can provide targets for miRNA adjustment and offer the possibility of changing gene and protein expression to treat certain pathologies. These adjustments can be conferred using advances in oligonucleotide delivery methods, which can target single miRNAs, families of miRNAs, and certain tissue types. In this review, we will discuss the use of miRNAs in vivo and recent advances in their use for cardiovascular disease in mammalian models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Calway
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gene H Kim
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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23
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Li RK, Guo J. Single nucleotide variances can account for loss of microRNA function: the emerging cross talk between genetics and epigenetics. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:278-80. [PMID: 25034064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jian Guo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network and Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Small molecules, big effects: the role of microRNAs in regulation of cardiomyocyte death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1325. [PMID: 25032848 PMCID: PMC4123081 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, and exerting regulatory roles in plethora of biological processes. In recent years, miRNAs have received increased attention for their crucial role in health and disease, including in cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the role of miRNAs in regulation of cardiac cell death/cell survival pathways, including apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. It is envisaged that these miRNAs may explain the mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of many cardiac diseases, and, most importantly, may provide new avenues for therapeutic intervention that will limit cardiomyocyte cell death before it irreversibly affects cardiac function. Through an in-depth literature analysis coupled with integrative bioinformatics (pathway and synergy analysis), we dissect here the landscape of complex relationships between the apoptosis-regulating miRNAs in the context of cardiomyocyte cell death (including regulation of autophagy–apoptosis cross talk), and examine the gaps in our current understanding that will guide future investigations.
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25
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Farina AR, Mackay AR. Gelatinase B/MMP-9 in Tumour Pathogenesis and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:240-96. [PMID: 24473089 PMCID: PMC3980597 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6010240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its original identification as a leukocyte gelatinase/type V collagenase and tumour type IV collagenase, gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is now recognised as playing a central role in many aspects of tumour progression. In this review, we relate current concepts concerning the many ways in which gelatinase B/MMP-9 influences tumour biology. Following a brief outline of the gelatinase B/MMP-9 gene and protein, we analyse the role(s) of gelatinase B/MMP-9 in different phases of the tumorigenic process, and compare the importance of gelatinase B/MMP-9 source in the carcinogenic process. What becomes apparent is the importance of inflammatory cell-derived gelatinase B/MMP-9 in tumour promotion, early progression and triggering of the "angiogenic switch", the integral relationship between inflammatory, stromal and tumour components with respect to gelatinase B/MMP-9 production and activation, and the fundamental role for gelatinase B/MMP-9 in the formation and maintenance of tumour stem cell and metastatic niches. It is also apparent that gelatinase B/MMP-9 plays important tumour suppressing functions, producing endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors, promoting inflammatory anti-tumour activity, and inducing apoptosis. The fundamental roles of gelatinase B/MMP-9 in cancer biology underpins the need for specific therapeutic inhibitors of gelatinase B/MMP-9 function, the use of which must take into account and substitute for tumour-suppressing gelatinase B/MMP-9 activity and also limit inhibition of physiological gelatinase B/MMP-9 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rosella Farina
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, L'Aquila 67100, Italy.
| | - Andrew Reay Mackay
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, L'Aquila 67100, Italy.
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