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Lee S, Yoo I, Cheon Y, Ka H. Conceptus-derived cytokines interleukin-1β and interferon-γ induce the expression of acute phase protein serum amyloid A3 in endometrial epithelia at the time of conceptus implantation in pigs. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:441-450. [PMID: 36397697 PMCID: PMC9996260 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum amyloid A3 (SAA3), an acute phase response protein, plays important roles in opsonization, antimicrobial activity, chemotactic activity, and immunomodulation, but its expression, regulation, and function at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs are not fully understood. Therefore, we determined the expression of SAA3 in the endometrium throughout the estrous cycle and at the maternal-conceptus interface during pregnancy. METHODS Endometrial tissues from pigs at various stages of the estrous cycle and pregnancy and with conceptuses derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), conceptus tissues during early pregnancy, and chorioallantoic tissues during mid- to late pregnancy were obtained and the expression of SAA3 was analyzed. The effects of the steroid hormones, interleukin-1β (IL1B), and interferon-γ (IFNG) on the expression of SAA3 were determined in endometrial explant cultures. RESULTS SAA3 was expressed in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy, with the highest level on day 12 of pregnancy. The expression of SAA3 in the endometrium was significantly higher on day 12 of pregnancy than during the estrous cycle. Early-stage conceptuses and chorioallantoic tissues during mid to late pregnancy also expressed SAA3. The expression of SAA3 was primarily localized to luminal epithelial cells in the endometrium. In endometrial explant cultures, the expression of SAA3 was induced by increasing doses of IL1B and IFNG. Furthermore, the expression of SAA3 decreased significantly in the endometria of pigs carrying conceptuses derived from SCNT on day 12 of pregnancy. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the expression of SAA3 in the endometrium during the implantation period increases in response to conceptus-derived IL1B and IFNG. The failure of those appropriate interactions between the implanting conceptus and the endometrium leads to dysregulation of endometrial SAA3 expression, which could result in pregnancy failure. In addition, SAA3 could be a specific endometrial epithelial marker for conceptus implantation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyung Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Korea
| | - Inkyun Yoo
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Korea
| | - Yugyeong Cheon
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Korea
| | - Hakhyun Ka
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Korea
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Burns R, Gaffney P, Nilsson K, Armién A, Pessier A. Systemic Amyloidosis in an African Tiger Snake ( Telescopus semiannulatus ). J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:136-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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De Buck M, Gouwy M, Wang JM, Van Snick J, Opdenakker G, Struyf S, Van Damme J. Structure and Expression of Different Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Variants and their Concentration-Dependent Functions During Host Insults. Curr Med Chem 2017; 23:1725-55. [PMID: 27087246 PMCID: PMC5405626 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160418114600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is, like C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein and can be used as a diagnostic, prognostic or therapy follow-up marker for many diseases. Increases in serum levels of SAA are triggered by physical insults to the host, including infection, trauma, inflammatory reactions and cancer. The order of magnitude of increase in SAA levels varies considerably, from a 10- to 100-fold during limited inflammatory events to a 1000-fold increase during severe bacterial infections and acute exacerbations of chronic inflammatory diseases. This broad response range is reflected by SAA gene duplications resulting in a cluster encoding several SAA variants and by multiple biological functions of SAA. SAA variants are single-domain proteins with simple structures and few post-translational modifications. SAA1 and SAA2 are inducible by inflammatory cytokines, whereas SAA4 is constitutively produced. We review here the regulated expression of SAA in normal and transformed cells and compare its serum levels in various disease states. At low concentrations (10-100 ng/ml), early in an inflammatory response, SAA induces chemokines or matrix degrading enzymes via Toll-like receptors and functions as an activator and chemoattractant through a G protein-coupled receptor. When an infectious or inflammatory stimulus persists, the liver continues to produce more SAA (> 1000 ng/ml) to become an antimicrobial agent by functioning as a direct opsonin of bacteria or by interference with virus infection of host cells. Thus, SAA regulates innate and adaptive immunity and this information may help to design better drugs to treat specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jo Van Damme
- University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Gaffney
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Eraña H, Venegas V, Moreno J, Castilla J. Prion-like disorders and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies: An overview of the mechanistic features that are shared by the various disease-related misfolded proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:1125-1136. [PMID: 27590581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases or Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders affecting several mammalian species. Its causative agent, disease-associated prion protein (PrPd), is a self-propagating β-sheet rich aberrant conformation of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) with neurotoxic and aggregation-prone properties, capable of inducing misfolding of PrPC molecules. PrPd is the major constituent of prions and, most importantly, is the first known example of a protein with infectious attributes. It has been suggested that similar molecular mechanisms could be shared by other proteins implicated in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or systemic amyloidoses. Accordingly, several terms have been proposed to collectively group all these disorders. Through the stringent evaluation of those aspects that characterise TSE-causing prions, in particular propagation and spread, strain variability or transmissibility, we will discuss whether terms such as "prion", "prion-like", "prionoid" or "propagon" can be used when referring to the aetiological agents of the above other disorders. Moreover, it will also be discussed whether the term "infectious", which defines a prion essential trait, is currently misused when referring to the other misfolded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasier Eraña
- CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Vanesa Venegas
- CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno
- CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Joaquín Castilla
- CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160, Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48011, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Annamalai K, Gührs KH, Koehler R, Schmidt M, Michel H, Loos C, Gaffney PM, Sigurdson CJ, Hegenbart U, Schönland S, Fändrich M. Polymorphism of Amyloid Fibrils In Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4822-5. [PMID: 26954430 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism is a wide-spread feature of amyloid-like fibrils formed in vitro, but it has so far remained unclear whether the fibrils formed within a patient are also affected by this phenomenon. In this study we show that the amyloid fibrils within a diseased individual can vary considerably in their three-dimensional architecture. We demonstrate this heterogeneity with amyloid fibrils deposited within different organs, formed from sequentially non-homologous polypeptide chains and affecting human or animals. Irrespective of amyloid type or source, we found in vivo fibrils to be polymorphic. These data imply that the chemical principles of fibril assembly that lead to such polymorphism are fundamentally conserved in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Annamalai
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Gührs
- CF Protemics, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstraße 11, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Rolf Koehler
- Institute of Human Genetics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Henri Michel
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Loos
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patricia M Gaffney
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0162, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - Christina J Sigurdson
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0162, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - Ute Hegenbart
- Amyloidosis Center, Department of Internal Medicine V, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Amyloidosis Center, Department of Internal Medicine V, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Fändrich
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Annamalai K, Gührs K, Koehler R, Schmidt M, Michel H, Loos C, Gaffney PM, Sigurdson CJ, Hegenbart U, Schönland S, Fändrich M. Polymorphismus von Amyloidfibrillen in vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Annamalai
- Institut für Proteinbiochemie Universität Ulm Helmholtzstraße 8/1 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Karl‐Heinz Gührs
- CF Protemics Leibniz Institut für Altersforschung – Fritz Lipmann Institut (FLI) Jena Deutschland
| | - Rolf Koehler
- Institut für Humangenetik Universität Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Institut für Proteinbiochemie Universität Ulm Helmholtzstraße 8/1 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Henri Michel
- Institut für Proteinbiochemie Universität Ulm Helmholtzstraße 8/1 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Cornelia Loos
- Institut für Proteinbiochemie Universität Ulm Helmholtzstraße 8/1 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | | | | | - Ute Hegenbart
- Amyloidose Zentrum Abteilung für Innere Medizin V Universität Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Stefan Schönland
- Amyloidose Zentrum Abteilung für Innere Medizin V Universität Heidelberg Deutschland
| | - Marcus Fändrich
- Institut für Proteinbiochemie Universität Ulm Helmholtzstraße 8/1 89081 Ulm Deutschland
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