1
|
Jucht AE, Scholz CC. PHD1-3 oxygen sensors in vivo-lessons learned from gene deletions. Pflugers Arch 2024:10.1007/s00424-024-02944-x. [PMID: 38509356 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen sensors enable cells to adapt to limited oxygen availability (hypoxia), affecting various cellular and tissue responses. Prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain 1-3 (PHD1-3; also called Egln1-3, HIF-P4H 1-3, HIF-PH 1-3) proteins belong to the Fe2+- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily and utilise molecular oxygen (O2) alongside 2-oxoglutarate as co-substrate to hydroxylate two proline residues of α subunits of the dimeric hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor. PHD1-3-mediated hydroxylation of HIF-α leads to its degradation and inactivation. Recently, various PHD inhibitors (PHI) have entered the clinics for treatment of renal anaemia. Pre-clinical analyses indicate that PHI treatment may also be beneficial in numerous other hypoxia-associated diseases. Nonetheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the observed protective effects of PHIs are only partly understood, currently hindering their translation into the clinics. Moreover, the PHI-mediated increase of Epo levels is not beneficial in all hypoxia-associated diseases and PHD-selective inhibition may be advantageous. Here, we summarise the current knowledge about the relevance and function of each of the three PHD isoforms in vivo, based on the deletion or RNA interference-mediated knockdown of each single corresponding gene in rodents. This information is crucial for our understanding of the physiological relevance and function of the PHDs as well as for elucidating their individual impact on hypoxia-associated diseases. Furthermore, this knowledge highlights which diseases may best be targeted by PHD isoform-selective inhibitors in case such pharmacologic substances become available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka E Jucht
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15a, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie J, Zhang Z. Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications of 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03790-1. [PMID: 38041714 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common disease with a high disability rate and mortality, which brings heavy pressure on families and medical insurance. Nowadays, the golden treatments for ischemic stroke in the acute phase mainly include endovascular therapy and intravenous thrombolysis. Some drugs are used to alleviate brain injury in patients with ischemic stroke, such as edaravone and 3-n-butylphthalide. However, no effective neuroprotective drug for ischemic stroke has been acknowledged. 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2OGDDs) are conserved and common dioxygenases whose activities depend on O2, Fe2+, and 2OG. Most 2OGDDs are expressed in the brain and are essential for the development and functions of the brain. Therefore, 2OGDDs likely play essential roles in ischemic brain injury. In this review, we briefly elucidate the functions of most 2OGDDs, particularly the effects of regulations of 2OGDDs on various cells in different phases after ischemic stroke. It would also provide promising potential therapeutic targets and directions of drug development for protecting the brain against ischemic injury and improving outcomes of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Uemichi K, Shirai T, Takemasa T. Combined effects of functional overload and denervation on skeletal muscle mass and its regulatory proteins in mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15689. [PMID: 37161590 PMCID: PMC10169777 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly pliable tissue and various adaptations such as muscle hypertrophy or atrophy are induced by overloading or disuse, respectively. However, the combined effect of overloading and disuse on the quantitative adaptation of skeletal muscle is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined stimuli of overloading and disuse on mouse skeletal muscle mass and the expression of regulatory factors for muscle protein anabolism or catabolism. Male mice from the Institute Cancer Research were subjected to denervation concomitant with unilateral functional overload or functional overload concomitant with unilateral denervation. Disuse and functional overload were induced by sciatic nerve transection (denervation) and synergist ablation, respectively, and the plantaris muscle was harvested 14 days after the operation. Our results showed that denervation attenuated functional overload-induced muscle hypertrophy and functional overload partially ameliorated the denervation-induced muscle atrophy. P70S6K phosphorylation, an indicator of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, was not increased by unilateral functional overload in denervated muscles or by unilateral denervation in functional overloaded muscles. Denervation did not affect the increase of LC3-II, a marker of autophagy activation, and ubiquitinated protein expression upon unilateral functional overload. Also, functional overload did not affect ubiquitinated protein expression during unilateral denervation. Thus, our findings suggest that functional overload-induced muscle hypertrophy or denervation-induced muscle atrophy was attenuated by the combined stimuli of overload and denervation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Uemichi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takanaga Shirai
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tohru Takemasa
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zeng SQ, Liu CL, Huang CN, Si WJ, Liu CB, Ren LX, Zhang WY, He YM, Yuan Y, Zhang HY, Han YG, Na RS, E GX, Huang YF. Identification of the Differential Expression Profile of miRNAs in Longissimus dorsi Muscle of Dazu Black Goat. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279542211014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
5
|
Waldemer-Streyer RJ, Kim D, Chen J. Muscle cell-derived cytokines in skeletal muscle regeneration. FEBS J 2022; 289:6463-6483. [PMID: 35073461 PMCID: PMC9308828 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of the mammalian adult skeletal muscle is a well-orchestrated process regulated by multiple proteins and signalling pathways. Cytokines constitute a major class of regulators of skeletal myogenesis. It is well established that infiltrating immune cells at the site of muscle injury secrete cytokines, which play critical roles in the myofibre repair and regeneration process. In the past 10-15 years, skeletal muscle itself has emerged as a prolific producer of cytokines. Much attention in the field has been focused on the endocrine effects of muscle-secreted cytokines (myokines) on metabolic regulation. However, ample evidence suggests that muscle-derived cytokines also regulate myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration in an autocrine manner. In this review, we survey cytokines that meet two criteria: (a) evidence of expression by muscle cells; (b) evidence demonstrating a myogenic function. Dozens of cytokines representing several major classes make up this group, and together they regulate all steps of the myogenic process. How such a large array of cytokines coordinate their signalling to form a regulatory network is a fascinating, pressing question. Functional studies that can distinguish the source of the cytokines in vivo are also much needed in order to facilitate exploration of their full therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yi X, Tao J, Qian Y, Feng F, Hu X, Xu T, Jin H, Ruan H, Zheng HF, Tong P. Morroniside ameliorates inflammatory skeletal muscle atrophy via inhibiting canonical and non-canonical NF-κB and regulating protein synthesis/degradation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1056460. [PMID: 36618945 PMCID: PMC9816435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1056460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
No drug options exist for skeletal muscle atrophy in clinical, which poses a huge socio-economic burden, making development on drug interventions a general wellbeing need. Patients with a variety of pathologic conditions associated with skeletal muscle atrophy have systemically elevated inflammatory factors. Morroniside, derived from medicinal herb Cornus officinalis, possesses anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether and how morroniside combat muscle atrophy remain unknown. Here, we identified crucial genetic associations between TNFα/NF-κB pathway and grip strength based on population using 377,807 European participants from the United Kingdom Biobank dataset. Denervation increased TNFα in atrophying skeletal muscles, which inhibited myotube formation in vitro. Notably, morroniside treatment rescued TNFα-induced myotube atrophy in vitro and impeded skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo, resulting in increased body/muscles weights, No. of satellite cells, size of type IIA, IIX and IIB myofibers, and percentage of type IIA myofibers in denervated mice. Mechanistically, in vitro and/or in vivo studies demonstrated that morroniside could not only inhibit canonical and non-canonical NF-κB, inflammatory mediators (IL6, IL-1b, CRP, NIRP3, PTGS2, TNFα), but also down-regulate protein degradation signals (Follistatin, Myostatin, ALK4/5/7, Smad7/3), ubiquitin-proteasome molecules (FoxO3, Atrogin-1, MuRF1), autophagy-lysosomal molecules (Bnip3, LC3A, and LC3B), while promoting protein synthesis signals (IGF-1/IGF-1R/IRS-1/PI3K/Akt, and BMP14/BMPR2/ALK2/3/Smad5/9). Moreover, morroniside had no obvious liver and kidney toxicity. This human genetic, cells and mice pathological evidence indicates that morroniside is an efficacious and safe inflammatory muscle atrophy treatment and suggests its translational potential on muscle wasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjiao Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jianguo Tao
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqin Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Taotao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongting Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Peijian Tong, ; Hou-Feng Zheng, ; Hongfeng Ruan,
| | - Hou-Feng Zheng
- Diseases & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peijian Tong, ; Hou-Feng Zheng, ; Hongfeng Ruan,
| | - Peijian Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Peijian Tong, ; Hou-Feng Zheng, ; Hongfeng Ruan,
| |
Collapse
|