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Imagawa M, Shinjo T, Sato K, Kawakami K, Zeze T, Nishimura Y, Toyoda M, Chen S, Ryo N, Ahmed AK, Iwashita M, Yamashita A, Fukuda T, Sanui T, Nishimura F. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inflammation, subsequent collagen production, and reduced proteinase expression cooperatively contribute to cyclosporin-A-induced gingival overgrowth development. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1298813. [PMID: 38156070 PMCID: PMC10753830 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1298813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO), induced by certain immunosuppressive drugs, antihypertensive agents, and antiepileptic drugs, may contribute to the formation of deeper periodontal pockets and intractableness in periodontitis. To date, multiple factors such as enhanced matrix production, inflammation, and reduced matrix degradation might be involved in the pathogenesis of DIGO. We have previously reported that SPOCK-1, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, could affect gingival thickening by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gingival keratinocytes. However, few studies have investigated whether a combination of these factors enhances the DIGO phenotype in animal models. Therefore, we investigated whether SPOCK-1, periodontal inflammation, and cyclosporin-A (CsA) could cooperatively promote gingival overgrowth. We first confirmed that Spock-1 overexpressing (Spock1-Tg) mice showed significantly thicker gingiva and greater alveolar bone loss than WT mice in response to ligature-induced experimental periodontitis. DIGO was induced by the combination of CsA administration and experimental periodontitis was significantly enhanced in Spock1-Tg mice compared to that in WT mice. Ligature-induced alveolar bone loss in CsA-treated Spock1-Tg mice was also significantly greater than that in CsA-treated WT mice, while being accompanied by an increase in Rankl and Col1a1 levels and a reduction in matrix metalloprotease expression. Lastly, SPOCK-1 promoted RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and murine macrophages, while peritoneal macrophages from Spock1-Tg mice showed less TNFα and IL-1β secretion than WT mice in response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that EMT, periodontal inflammation, and subsequent enhanced collagen production and reduced proteinase production contribute to CsA-induced DIGO pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Imagawa
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Shinjo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawakami
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Zeze
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toyoda
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuang Chen
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoaki Ryo
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Al-kafee Ahmed
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Misaki Iwashita
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamashita
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Fukuda
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Terukazu Sanui
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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The paradigm of miRNA and siRNA influence in Oral-biome. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114269. [PMID: 36682246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Short nucleotide sequences like miRNA and siRNA have attracted a lot of interest in Oral-biome investigations. miRNA is a small class of non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression to provide effective regulation of post-transcription. On contrary, siRNA is 21-25 nucleotide dsRNA impairing gene function post-transcriptionally through inhibition of mRNA for homologous dependent gene silencing. This review highlights the application of miRNA in oral biome including oral cancer, dental implants, periodontal diseases, gingival fibroblasts, oral submucous fibrosis, radiation-induced oral mucositis, dental Pulp, and oral lichenoid disease. Moreover, we have also discussed the application of siRNA against the aforementioned disease along with the impact of miRNA and siRNA to the various pathways and molecular effectors pertaining to the dental diseases. The influence of upregulation and downregulation of molecular effector post-treatment with miRNA and siRNA and their impact on the clinical setting has been elucidated. Thus, the mentioned details on application of miRNA and siRNA will provide a novel gateway to the scholars to not only mitigate the long-lasting issue in dentistry but also develop new theragnostic approaches.
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