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Desai AS, Dudzinski DM, Stib MT, Chen ST, Newton-Cheh C, Blumenthal KG, Stone JR. Case 32-2022: A 76-Year-Old Man with Postoperative Cardiogenic Shock and Diffuse Rash. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1502-1513. [PMID: 36260795 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc2201245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay S Desai
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - David M Dudzinski
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Matthew T Stib
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Steven T Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
| | - James R Stone
- From the Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (A.S.D.), the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine (D.M.D., S.T.C., C.N.-C., K.G.B.), Radiology (M.T.S.), Dermatology (S.T.C.), and Pathology (J.R.S.), Harvard Medical School - all in Boston
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Sim DW, Yu J, Koh YI. Efficacy of add-on therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin in steroid hyporesponsive DRESS syndrome. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 15:782-788. [PMID: 34796665 PMCID: PMC8932711 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare, potentially life-threatening, delayed, drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction. Immediate withdrawal of the culprit drug and administration of systemic corticosteroids is the most widely accepted treatment. However, it is difficult to manage patients with DRESS syndrome who are not responsive to systemic steroids. We studied the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) in patients with DRESS syndrome unresponsive to systemic steroids. We retrospectively reviewed patients with DRESS syndrome who received IVIG in addition to systemic steroids during 2012-2017 and compared the clinical features and course of DRESS syndrome, before and after IVIG treatment. Eighteen DRESS patients (9 men) were included. The most frequent offending drugs were dapsone in five patients, followed by vancomycin in three patients, and carbamazepine in three patients. Rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, atypical lymphocytes, and hepatic involvement were common clinical findings. IVIG treatment was added within a median time of 7 days from the commencement of systemic steroid therapy. After IVIG treatment (total dosage: 1-2 g/kg), the fever resolved within a median time of 1 day (range, 0-3) and liver enzymes improved substantially within a median time of 13 days (range, 0-27). No severe adverse reactions related to IVIG therapy were observed in this study; however, there was one case of mortality. The addition of IVIG in DRESS syndrome in cases refractory to systemic steroid treatment may be helpful in hastening recovery. However, comparative studies using a placebo group are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Woon Sim
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jieun Yu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young-Il Koh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Mormile I, Petraroli A, Loffredo S, Rossi FW, Mormile M, Del Mastro A, Spadaro G, de Paulis A, Bova M. Episodic Angioedema with Hypereosinophilia (Gleich's Syndrome): A Case Report and Extensive Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071442. [PMID: 33916211 PMCID: PMC8037656 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (EAE) (Gleich's syndrome) is a rare disease characterized by hypereosinophilia (up to 95 × 109 cells/L), recurrent episodes of angioedema, urticaria, weight gain, and fever, that occur at periodical intervals (usually every 3-4 weeks). The exact etiology of EAE is still unclear, but both eosinophils and abnormalities of cytokines homeostasis seem to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In particular, the cyclic elevation of serum interleukin-5 before the increase in eosinophil count has been reported. Herein, we performed a broad literature review and report the case of a thirty-two-year-old woman with a two-year history of cyclic angioedema attacks, urticaria, periodic weight gain, and severe hypereosinophilia, diagnosed with EAE and treated with oral corticosteroids. Describing the most relevant clinical features of EAE reported so far in the literature, we aim to provide physicians with some useful tools to help them deal with this disease. In addition, we aim to raise awareness about this rare condition in which approved diagnostic classification criteria are currently missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Angelica Petraroli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-393-705-1956; Fax: +39-081-746-4671
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Wanda Rossi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Mauro Mormile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Andrea Del Mastro
- Emergency Division, A.O.R.N. “Antonio Cardarelli”, Via Antonio Cardarelli, 9, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Maria Bova
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.M.); (S.L.); (F.W.R.); (G.S.); (A.d.P.); (M.B.)
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Butterfield JH. Successful Long-Term Control of the Syndrome of Episodic Angioedema With Eosinophilia (Gleich Syndrome) With Low-Dose Imatinib Mesylate and Prednisone. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2021; 9:2324709620987691. [PMID: 33459036 PMCID: PMC7816523 DOI: 10.1177/2324709620987691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The syndrome of episodic angioedema with eosinophilia, first reported over 40 years ago, is a hypereosinophilic disorder that, uniquely, is not associated with end-organ pathology. However, patients develop a constellation of symptoms that include angioedema, urticaria, fatigue, and fever. Episodes are accompanied by massive hypereosinophilia and weight gain. Type II serum cytokine levels (IL-5, IL-13, IL-9, and IL-10) show cyclic variations peaking at or just prior to the peak of eosinophilia and an abnormal Th2 cell phenotype has been reported. Attacks may occur with predictable regularity and have been described in both adults and children. Glucocorticoid therapy reliably reverses symptoms with accompanying diuresis, defervesce, and normalization of the eosinophil count. In this report, a patient who had the syndrome of episodic angioedema with eosinophilia exceeding 20 years is reported. He has had no end-organ damage to date. Testing for the CHIC2 deletion, a surrogate for the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion, was negative. Use of imatinib mesylate, initially as a steroid-sparing agent, and subsequently as a maintenance medication, plus low-dose prednisone has provided long-term control of hypereosinophilia and all clinical manifestations.
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Haber R, Chebl JA, El Gemayel M, Salloum A. Gleich syndrome: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2020; 59:1458-1465. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Haber
- Dermatology Department Faculty of Medicine Balamand University Saint Georges Hospital UMC Beirut Lebanon
| | - Joanna A. Chebl
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Department Saint Georges Hospital UMC Beirut Lebanon
| | - Maria El Gemayel
- Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Hotel‐Dieu de France UMC Saint Joseph University Beirut Lebanon
| | - Antoine Salloum
- Dermatology Department Faculty of Medicine Balamand University Saint Georges Hospital UMC Beirut Lebanon
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Cho HJ, Yoo HS, Kim MA, Shin YS, Ye YM, Nahm DH, Kim JH, Choi JH, Park SY, Park HS. Clinical characteristics of angioedema with eosinophilia. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:362-5. [PMID: 24991461 PMCID: PMC4077964 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.4.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Angioedema with eosinophilia (AE) is a very rare allergy disease, case reports of which have been published sporadically since 1984. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of 10 AE patients in Korea. Nine of the 10 subjects were young females, ranging from 23 to 38 years old. Twenty percent of the subjects had episodic-type AE with high serum IgM and eosinophil counts, while 80% were non-episodic type with normal serum IgM levels but high eosinophil counts. All patients had used systemic corticosteroids to control AE. One patient with refractory episodic-type AE was treated with anti-IgE antibody. This is the first study to evaluate the clinical characteristics of AE in a Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Cho
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye-Soo Yoo
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo-Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Nahm
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hee Choi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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7
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Kivity S, Katz U, Daniel N, Nussinovitch U, Papageorgiou N, Shoenfeld Y. Evidence for the use of intravenous immunoglobulins--a review of the literature. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2010; 38:201-69. [PMID: 19590986 PMCID: PMC7101816 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-009-8155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) were first introduced in the middle of the twentieth century for the treatment of primary immunodeficiencies. In 1981, Paul Imbach noticed an improvement of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, in patients receiving IVIg for immunodeficiencies. This opened a new era for the treatment of autoimmune conditions with IVIg. Since then, IVIg has become an important treatment option in a wide spectrum of diseases, including autoimmune and acute inflammatory conditions, most of them off-label (not included in the US Food and Drug Administration recommendation). A panel of immunologists and internists with experience in IVIg therapy reviewed the medical literature for published data concerning treatment with IVIg. The quality of evidence was assessed, and a summary of the available relevant literature in each disease was given. To our knowledge, this is the first all-inclusive comprehensive review, developed to assist the clinician when considering the use of IVIg in autoimmune diseases, immune deficiencies, and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaye Kivity
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Leblanc C, Lahaxe L, Girszyn N, Levesque H, Marie I. Des angio-œdèmes diffus. Rev Med Interne 2010; 31:315-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
The intravenous administration of exogenous pooled human immunoglobulin (i.v. IG) was originally licensed as antibody replacement therapy in patients with primary immunodeficiencies and there are currently six FDA-approved uses for this agent. Despite a current lack of FDA approval, off-label treatment of a multitude of dermatologic disorders with i.v. IG has shown exciting potential for this unique treatment modality. The diseases successfully treated with i.v. IG include autoimmune bullous diseases, connective tissue diseases, vasculitides, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and infectious disorders (such as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome). Currently the biggest drawback in the consideration of i.v. IG therapy in dermatologic disorders is the lack of randomized controlled trials. Nevertheless, there is a significant body of evidence demonstrating the efficacy of i.v. IG in patients with dermatologic disorders that are resistant to treatment with standard agents. In summary, i.v. IG constitutes a valuable and potentially life-saving agent in managing patients with a variety of dermatologic disorders under the appropriate circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Fernandez
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Unversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Smith DI, Swamy PM, Heffernan MP. Off-label uses of biologics in dermatology: Interferon and intravenous immunoglobulin (Part 1 of 2). J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 56:e1-54. [PMID: 17190617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2005] [Revised: 05/04/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of a number of biologic therapies into the market has revolutionized the practice of dermatology. These therapies include interferons, intravenous immunoglobulin, infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, efalizumab, alefacept, and rituximab. Most dermatologists are familiar with the Food and Drug Administration-approved indications of these medications. However, numerous off-label uses have evolved. As part 1 of a 2-part series, this article will review the literature regarding the off-label uses of the interferons and intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatology.
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Kerns MJJ, Graves JE, Smith DI, Heffernan MP. Off-Label Uses of Biologic Agents in Dermatology: A 2006 Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 25:226-40. [PMID: 17174843 DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of a number of biologic therapies into the market has revolutionized the practice of dermatology. These therapies include adalimumab, alefacept, efalizumab, etanercept, infliximab, IVIg, omalizumab, and rituximab. Most dermatologists are familiar with the indications of these medications that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration; however, numerous off-label uses have evolved. To update the reader on more recent uses of the biologics for off-label dermatologic use, this article will emphasize more recent published data from 2005 through the date of submission in May 2006.
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