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Complete genome sequence of a coxsackievirus type A24 variant causing an outbreak of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis in southeastern Mexico in 2017. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1015-1018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Liu H, Li C, Shao Y, Zhang X, Zhai Z, Wang X, Qi X, Wang J, Hao Y, Wu Q, Jiao M. Forecast of the trend in incidence of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in China from 2011-2019 using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Exponential Smoothing (ETS) models. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:287-294. [PMID: 31953020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the demographic and distributive features of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC). We constructed seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and exponential smoothing (ETS) models to predict its trend in incidence in mainland China and provided evidence for the government to formulate policies regarding AHC prevention. METHODS Data regarding the distribution and demographic characteristics of AHC in China from 2011-2016 were retrieved from the Public Health Scientific Data website. Monthly AHC data from January 2011 to June 2019 were used to establish and evaluate the SARIMA and ETS models. RESULTS During 2011-2016, a total of 213,325 cases were reported; 46.01% were farmers, patients aged ≤9 years had the highest risk, and the male:female ratio was 1.31:1. Guangxi and Guangdong had the highest number of reported AHC cases. The SARIMA (0, 0, 1) (2, 0, 0) 12 model with the minimum root mean squared error and mean absolute percentage error were finally selected for in-sample simulation. CONCLUSIONS AHC remains a serious public health problem in Southern and Eastern China that mainly affects farmers and children younger than 9 years. It is recommended that the health administration strengthen the publicity and education regarding AHC prevention among farmers and accelerate the development of related vaccines and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yingqi Shao
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhao Zhai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinye Qi
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanhua Hao
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qunhong Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Mingli Jiao
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Hu DN, Mou CH, Chao SC, Lin CY, Nien CW, Kuan PT, Jonas JB, Sung FC. Incidence of Non-Traumatic Subconjunctival Hemorrhage in a Nationwide Study in Taiwan from 2000 to 2011. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132762. [PMID: 26181776 PMCID: PMC4504497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the nationwide incidence of non-traumatic subconjunctival hemorrhage (NTSCH) in Taiwan from 2000-2011 and to analyze the risk factors for NTSCH using a case-control analysis. Methods This is a population-based cohort administrative database study. Randomly selected 1,000,000 residents from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in 2000 and followed for 12 years to determine the population incidence of NTSCH. Individuals with the first diagnosis of subconjunctival hemorrhage were identified by the corresponding International Classification of Diseases code (ICD) 372.72. Traumatic subconjunctival hemorrhages (ICD-9 codes 921, 871, 850-854 and 959.01) were excluded. The association of NTSCH with various demographic factors, comorbidities and use of medications was studied by a population based case-control analysis using data of 2008-2011. Results A total of 67,720 patients with a first-time diagnosis of NTSCH were identified during the 12 years period. The mean annual incidence was 65 per 10,000 individuals (crude incidence) and 60 per 10,000 individuals (age- and sex-standardized incidence). The incidence rate of NTSCH was higher in women than in men, [men-women ratio: 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.78-0.81)]. The age-specific incidence decreased from childhood to the group of teenagers, after which it increased to a maximal value of 136.2 per 10,000 people in the age group of 60-69 years. Case-control analysis showed that comorbidities of hypertension, purpura and thrombocytopenia, and the use of aspirin were significantly associated with the risk of NTSCH. Conclusions This study indicates that NTSCH is a common eye disease that occurs once in 167 individuals in a general East Asian population per year. It occurs more often in women than in men and the age-specific incidence peaked in the age group of 60-69 years. Hypertension, purpura and thrombocytopenia, and the use of aspirin are the major risk factors for NTSCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ning Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Mou
- Institue of Clinical and Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yang Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Wei Nien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tzu Kuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (FCS); (JBJ)
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Institue of Clinical and Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (FCS); (JBJ)
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Lee YC, Chen N, Huang IT, Yang HH, Huang CT, Chen LK, Sheu MM. Human adenovirus type 8 epidemic keratoconjunctivitis with large corneal epithelial full-layer detachment: an endemic outbreak with uncommon manifestations. Clin Ophthalmol 2015; 9:953-7. [PMID: 26060391 PMCID: PMC4454193 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s79697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic viral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious disease that is encountered year-round. The causative agents are mainly adenoviruses and enteroviruses. It occurs most commonly upon infection with subgroup D adenoviruses of types 8, 19, or 37. For common corneal involvement of human adenovirus type 8 epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, full-layer epithelial detachment is rarely seen. Herein, we report three cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis during an outbreak which manifested as large corneal epithelial full-layer detachment within a few days. The lesions healed without severe sequelae under proper treatment. The unique manifestation of this outbreak may indicate the evolution of human adenovirus type 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Chang Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Nancy Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - I-Tsong Huang
- Taiwan CDC Collaborating Laboratories of Virology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hua Yang
- Taiwan CDC Collaborating Laboratories of Virology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Te Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kuang Chen
- Taiwan CDC Collaborating Laboratories of Virology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ; Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Min-Muh Sheu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ; Department of Ophthalmology, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Wu B, Qi X, Xu K, Ji H, Zhu Y, Tang F, Zhou M. Genetic characteristics of the coxsackievirus A24 variant causing outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Jiangsu, China, 2010. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86883. [PMID: 24475191 PMCID: PMC3901726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During September 2010, an outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis reemerged in Jiangsu, three years after the nationwide epidemic in China in 2007. In total, 2409 cases were reported, 2118 of which were reported in September; 79.8% of those affected were students or teachers, with a median age of 16 years. To identify and demonstrate the genetic characteristics of the etiological agent, 52 conjunctival swabs were randomly collected from four different cities. After detection and isolation, 43 patients were positive for coxsackievirus A24 variant according to PCR and 20 according to culture isolation. Neither adenovirus nor EV70 was detected. A phylogenetic study of the complete 3Cpro and VP1 regions showed that the Jiangsu isolates clustered into a new lineage, GIV-C5, with two uniform amino-acid mutations that distinguished them from all previous strains. Another new cluster, GIV-C4, formed by Indian isolates from 2007 and Brazilian isolates from 2009, was also identified in this study. Interestingly, our isolates shared greatest homology with the GIV-C4 strains, not with the isolates that were responsible for the nationwide acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis epidemic in China in 2007. Although all our isolates were closely related, they could be differentiated into two subclusters within GIV-C5. In conclusion, our study suggests that a new cluster of coxsackievirus A24 variant that had already evolved into diverse strains was associated with the acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks in Jiangsu in September 2010. These viruses might have originated from the virus isolated in India in 2007, rather than from the epidemic strains isolated in China in 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Qi
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Fenyang Tang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minghao Zhou
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Abstract
Subconjunctival hemorrhages in infants and children can be a finding after nonaccidental trauma. We describe 14 children with subconjunctival hemorrhages on physical examination, who were subsequently diagnosed by a child protection team with physical abuse. Although infrequent, subconjunctival hemorrhage may be related to abuse. Nonaccidental trauma should be on the differential diagnosis of subconjunctival hemorrhage in children, and consultation with a child abuse pediatrics specialist should be considered.
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De W, Huanying Z, Hui L, Corina M, Xue G, Leng L, Hanri Z, Ling F, Yanling M, Huiqiong Z, Huan Z, Jing K, Caiyun L, Yoshida H, Changwen K. Phylogenetic and molecular characterization of coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from a 2010 acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreak in Guangdong, China. Virol J 2012; 9:41. [PMID: 22336176 PMCID: PMC3305440 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is a common disease in China. As a notifiable disease, cases are registered by ophthalmologists on the AHC surveillance system. An AHC outbreak caused by CA24v was observed in Guangdong Province in 2007 by the National Disease Supervision Information Management System. Three years later, a larger outbreak occurred in Guangdong during the August-October period (2010). To characterize the outbreak and compare the genetic diversity of CA24v, which was determined to be the cause of the outbreak, the epidemiology and the molecular characterization of CA24v were analyzed in this study. RESULTS A total of 69,635 cases were reported in the outbreak. 73.5% of index cases originated from students, children in kindergarten and factory workers, with the ≦ 9 age group at the highest risk. The male to female ratio was 1.84:1 among 0-19 years. 56 conjunctival swabs were collected to identify the causative agent from five cities with the AHC outbreak. 30 virus strains were isolated, and two of the genomes had the highest identity values (95.8%) with CA24v genomes. Four CA24v genotypes were identified by phylogenetic analysis for the VP1 and 3C regions. CA24v which caused the outbreak belonged to genotype IV. Furthermore, full nucleotide sequences for four representative isolates in 2010 and 2007 were determined and compared. 20 aa mutations, two nt insertions and one nt deletion were observed in the open reading frame, with 5'- and 3'- UTR respectively between them. CONCLUSIONS CA24v was determined to be the pathogen causing the outbreak and belongs to genotype IV. VP1 is more informative than 3C(Pro) for describing molecular epidemiology and we hypothesize that accumulative mutations may have promoted the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu De
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Huanying
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hui
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Guo Xue
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Leng
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Hanri
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ling
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Yanling
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Huiqiong
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Huan
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Kou Jing
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Caiyun
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiromu Yoshida
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases Gakuen, Tokyo, 2080011, Japan
| | - Ke Changwen
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong, No.176, Xingang Road W, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, People's Republic of China
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9
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Abstract
Adenoviruses (ADVs) are causative agents of severe and extremely contagious ocular and genital infections associated with conjunctivitis, genital ulcers and urethritis. Yet, no functional antiviral compounds are currently available against adenoviral infections. We discovered halogen-substituted phenyl phosphoramidate derivatives of stavudine (STV/d4T) as a new class of dual-function anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents with potent and selective anti-ADV activity. The lead compound, stampidine [5'-(4-bromophenyl methoxyalaninylphosphate)-2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine], was the most potent non-toxic dual-function antiviral agent. Stampidine displayed remarkable in vitro and in vivo anti-HIV activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant HIV strains. Stampidine was non-cytotoxic and nonirritating to mucosal epithelial cells. Several preclinical studies conducted thus far, suggest that stampidine has clinical potential as a dual-function topical agent for the prevention and/or effective treatment of oculo-genital ADV/HIV infections.
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Chang CH, Lin KH, Sheu MM, Huang WL, Wang HZ, Chen CW. The change of etiological agents and clinical signs of epidemic viral conjunctivitis over an 18-year period in southern Taiwan. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2003; 241:554-560. [PMID: 12768288 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-003-0680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2002] [Revised: 03/18/2003] [Accepted: 03/26/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemic viral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious eye disease that occurs worldwide and is caused mainly by adenoviruses and enteroviruses. An 18-year analysis of the changes of pathogens and clinical signs in a subtropical and densely populated island presents certain special features. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical information and laboratory records of the conjunctivitis patients with positive conjunctival swabs from 1980 to 1997. RESULTS The positive rate of laboratory diagnosis of epidemic conjunctivitis was 50.0% (1,233/2,467). From 1980 to 1994, the predominant causative agent of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis was adenovirus type 8 (Ad8), with six genotypes being evolved. Three of the new Ad8 genotypes each caused a new epidemic. After 1995 the predominant adenoviral pathogens shifted to Ad37 and Ad19, and no more Ad8 was isolated. Enterovirus type 70 (EV70) was isolated from four outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) from 1980 to 1984, but rarely in later years. Coxsackievirus A type 24 variant (CA24v), which first appeared in 1985, appeared later as the causes of four major epidemics of AHC from 1985 to 1994. The overall clinical symptoms of viral conjunctivitis were more severe in the 1990s than in the 1980s. CONCLUSION In southern Taiwan, outbreaks of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis caused by new genomic variants could be associated with the long-term endemic co-circulation of Ad8, Ad19, and Ad37, while epidemics of CA24v AHC were caused mainly by introduction of new viral strains from neighboring countries. The aggravation of host symptoms in the 1990s needs further investigation and close follow-up.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human
- Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/complications
- Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/epidemiology
- Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic/virology
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/complications
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/epidemiology
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/physiopathology
- Conjunctivitis, Viral/virology
- Disease Outbreaks
- Enterovirus Infections
- Humans
- Keratitis/complications
- Keratitis/virology
- Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious/complications
- Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious/epidemiology
- Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious/virology
- Lymphatic Diseases/complications
- Lymphatic Diseases/virology
- Retrospective Studies
- Severity of Illness Index
- Taiwan/epidemiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Muh Sheu
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Huei-Zu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang CH, Huang Y, Issekutz AC, Griffith M, Lin KH, Anderson R. Interleukin-1alpha released from epithelial cells after adenovirus type 37 infection activates intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on human vascular endothelial cells. J Virol 2002; 76:427-31. [PMID: 11739709 PMCID: PMC135726 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.1.427-431.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A key event in virus-induced inflammation (leukocyte extravasation through the endothelium) is the local activation of endothelial cells, as indicated by the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin. In order to identify triggers of inflammation in adenovirus infection, we inoculated respiratory and ocular epithelial cells with adenovirus type 37 (Ad37), a human pathogen associated with keratoconjunctivitis as well as urogenital and respiratory infections. Fluids from virus-infected epithelial cells activated ICAM-1 (and to a lesser extent, VCAM-1) expression on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Blocking studies with anticytokine antibodies implicated interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) as the epithelial cell-derived factor which activated endothelial cell ICAM-1 expression. The results thus identify epithelial cell-derived IL-1alpha as a potentially important activator of endothelial cells in Ad37-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Chang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H 4H7, Nova Scotia, Canada
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