Epidemiology of autism in Singapore: findings of the first autism survey

A qualitative study of autism services and supports in Singapore: Perspectives of service providers, autistic adults and caregivers

LAY ABSTRACT

Because autism is a lifelong and complex condition, autistic people may need a range of supports cutting across different sectors (e.g. health, education and social care) at different stages of their lives. Studies in some countries have shown that autistic people and their families face difficulties accessing the services they need, but no research has been done on this topic in Singapore. To start addressing this gap, we interviewed 21 service providers, autistic adults and caregivers/parents of autistic children to find out their perceptions and experiences of autism services and supports in Singapore. Our participants told us that beyond improving access to autism-specific services, they also hoped to see more flexible supports in an inclusive environment and a broader change in societal attitudes. This study highlights that autism service provision should be informed by autistic voices and not only focus on impairment but also recognise the strengths of autistic people alongside their very real needs. The whole of society - including policymakers, professionals, employers, educators, families and autistic people themselves - needs to work together to fight autism stigma and discrimination.

Evaluation of a Pilot Clinic-Based Social Skills Group

This study examined the effectiveness of a pilot clinic-based social skills group at the KK Child Development Unit, Singapore. This programme was conducted by an occupational therapist and a speech and language therapist for children with autism spectrum disorder or language delay. It incorporated a cognitive behavioural approach to teach specific social behaviours (for example, sharing) and learning-related social skills (for example, group participation). Outcome measures were used pre-group and post-group to assess the short-term impact of intervention. The results indicated the potential usefulness of the pilot programme. The findings are discussed in relation to the occupational therapist's role and perspective in social skills programming and social skills in the Singapore context.