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Jiraboonsri S, Hemvipat P, Kamolratanakul S, Bhummaphan N, Siritientong T, Kitkumthorn N, Mutirangura A, Meevassana J. CpG methylation changes in Alu repetitive sequences in normal aging due to diastolic hypertension in human dermal fibroblasts from the facial area. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:5. [PMID: 38222864 PMCID: PMC10784876 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging fibroblasts, an important factor contributing to skin aging, are affected by numerous mechanisms, including alterations in DNA methylation and age-related diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the role of Alu methylation in aging fibroblasts and hypertension. The Alu methylation levels in dermal fibroblasts obtained from patients of different ages and blood pressure status were analyzed using the combined bisulfite restriction analysis technique. An inverse correlation was observed between Alu methylation in dermal fibroblasts and patient age. Dermal fibroblasts from the high-normal diastolic blood pressure group had higher Alu methylation levels compared with those from the normal group. The findings of the present study suggest that Alu methylation alterations can be observed with chronological aging and hypertension, and are a potential aging marker or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvinai Jiraboonsri
- Center of Excellence in Burn and Wound Care, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Panicha Hemvipat
- Center of Excellence in Burn and Wound Care, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supitcha Kamolratanakul
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Narumol Bhummaphan
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tippawan Siritientong
- Center of Excellence in Burn and Wound Care, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jiraroch Meevassana
- Center of Excellence in Burn and Wound Care, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Madelaire CB, Klink AC, Israelsen WJ, Hindle AG. Fibroblasts as an experimental model system for the study of comparative physiology. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 260:110735. [PMID: 35321853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic evaluations of processes that underlie organism-level physiology often require reductionist approaches. Dermal fibroblasts offer one such approach. These cells are easily obtained from minimally invasive skin biopsy, making them appropriate for the study of protected and/or logistically challenging species. Cell culture approaches permit extensive and fine-scale sampling regimes as well as gene manipulation techniques that are not feasible in vivo. Fibroblast isolation and culture protocols are outlined here for primary cells, and the benefits and drawbacks of immortalization are discussed. We show examples of physiological metrics that can be used to characterize primary cells (oxygen consumption, translation, proliferation) and readouts that can be informative in understanding cell-level responses to environmental stress (lactate production, heat shock protein induction). Importantly, fibroblasts may display fidelity to whole animal physiological phenotypes, facilitating their study. Fibroblasts from Antarctic Weddell seals show greater resilience to low temperatures and hypoxia exposure than fibroblasts from humans or rats. Fibroblast oxygen consumption rates are not affected by temperature stress in the heat-tolerant camel, whereas similar temperature exposures depress mitochondrial metabolism in fibroblasts from rhinoceros. Finally, dermal fibroblasts from a hibernator, the meadow jumping mouse, better resist experimental cooling than a fibroblast line from the laboratory mouse, with the hibernator demonstrating a greater maintenance of homeostatic processes such as protein translation. These results exemplify the parallels that can be drawn between fibroblast physiology and expectations in vivo, and provide evidence for the power of fibroblasts as a model system to understand comparative physiology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla B Madelaire
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Amy C Klink
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - William J Israelsen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Skroot Laboratory, Inc., Ames, IA, USA
| | - Allyson G Hindle
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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Phillygenin, a lignan compound, inhibits hypertension by reducing PLCβ3-dependent Ca2+ oscillation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Kinjo T, Tanaka M, Osanai T, Shibutani S, Narita I, Tanno T, Nishizaki K, Ichikawa H, Kimura Y, Ishida Y, Yokota T, Shimada M, Homma Y, Tomita H, Okumura K. Enhanced p122RhoGAP/DLC-1 Expression Can Be a Cause of Coronary Spasm. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143884. [PMID: 26624289 PMCID: PMC4666625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously showed that phospholipase C (PLC)-δ1 activity was enhanced by 3-fold in patients with coronary spastic angina (CSA). We also reported that p122Rho GTPase-activating protein/deleted in liver cancer-1 (p122RhoGAP/DLC-1) protein, which was discovered as a PLC-δ1 stimulator, was upregulated in CSA patients. We tested the hypothesis that p122RhoGAP/DLC-1 overexpression causes coronary spasm. Methods and Results We generated transgenic (TG) mice with vascular smooth muscle (VSM)-specific overexpression of p122RhoGAP/DLC-1. The gene and protein expressions of p122RhoGAP/DLC-1 were markedly increased in the aorta of homozygous TG mice. Stronger staining with anti-p122RhoGAP/DLC-1 in the coronary artery was found in TG than in WT mice. PLC activities in the plasma membrane fraction and the whole cell were enhanced by 1.43 and 2.38 times, respectively, in cultured aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from homozygous TG compared with those from WT mice. Immediately after ergometrine injection, ST-segment elevation was observed in 1 of 7 WT (14%), 6 of 7 heterozygous TG (84%), and 7 of 7 homozygous TG mice (100%) (p<0.05, WT versus TGs). In the isolated Langendorff hearts, coronary perfusion pressure was increased after ergometrine in TG, but not in WT mice, despite of the similar response to prostaglandin F2α between TG and WT mice (n = 5). Focal narrowing of the coronary artery after ergometrine was documented only in TG mice. Conclusions VSM-specific overexpression of p122RhoGAP/DLC-1 enhanced coronary vasomotility after ergometrine injection in mice, which is relevant to human CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Kinjo
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Hypertension and Stroke Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osanai
- Department of Health Promotion, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Shibutani
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Narita
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanno
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kimitaka Nishizaki
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kimura
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Michiko Shimada
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Homma
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomita
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Okumura
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Department of Hypertension and Stroke Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Lo Vasco VR, Leopizzi M, Puggioni C, Della Rocca C, Businaro R. Neuropeptide Y reduces the expression of PLCB2, PLCD1 and selected PLC genes in cultured human endothelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 394:43-52. [PMID: 24903829 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) are the first elements exposed to mediators circulating in the bloodstream, and react to stimulation with finely tuned responses mediated by different signal transduction pathways, leading the endothelium to adapt. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), the most abundant peptide in heart and brain, is mainly involved in the neuroendocrine regulation of the stress response. The regulatory roles of NPY depend on many factors, including its enzymatic processing, receptor subtypes and related signal transduction systems, including the phosphoinositide (PI) pathway and related phospholipase C (PI-PLC) family of enzymes. The panel of expression of PI-PLC enzymes differs comparing quiescent versus differently stimulated human EC. Growing evidences indicate that the regulation of the expression of PLC genes, which codify for PI-PLC enzymes, might act as an additional mechanism of control of the PI signal transduction pathway. NPY was described to potentiate the activation of PI-PLC enzymes in different cell types, including EC. In the present experiments, we stimulated human umbilical vein EC using different doses of NPY in order to investigate a possible role upon the expression PLC genes. NPY reduced the overall transcription of PLC genes, excepting for PLCE. The most significant effects were observed for PLCB2 and PLCD1, both isoforms recruited by means of G-proteins and G-protein-coupled receptors. NPY behavior was comparable with other PI-PLC interacting molecules that, beside the stimulation of phospholipase activity, also affect the upcoming enzymes' production acting upon gene expression. That might represent a mode to regulate the activity of PI-PLC enzymes after activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Lo Vasco
- Department Organi di Senso, Policlinico Umberto I, Faculty of Medicina e Odontoiatria, Sapienza University of Rome, viale del Policlinico 155, 00185, Rome, Italy,
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Lo Vasco VR, Leopizzi M, Chiappetta C, Puggioni C, Di Cristofano C, Della Rocca C. Expression of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C enzymes in human skin fibroblasts. Connect Tissue Res 2013; 54:1-4. [PMID: 22800439 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2012.712584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are involved in a number of functions regulated by different signal transduction pathways, including the phosphoinositide (PI) signaling system and related converting enzymes, such as phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). The PI-PLC family comprises crucial effector enzymes in the PI signal transduction pathway. Once activated, PI-PLC cleaves an important membrane PI, the phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate into inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol-both are crucial molecules in the transduction of signals. The activity of selected PI-PLC enzymes was reported in fibroblasts, although the complete panel of expression was not available. Each cell type expresses a group of selected PI-PLC isoforms, and knowledge of the panel of expression is a necessary and preliminary tool to address further studies. In the present study, we delineated the expression panel of PI-PLC enzymes in human skin fibroblasts. PI-PLC β1, PI-PLC β3, PI-PLC β4, PI-PLC γ1, PI-PLC γ2, PI-PLC δ1, PI-PLC δ3, PI-PLC δ4, and PI-PLC ϵ were expressed. PI-PLC β1 was weakly expressed, PI-PLC δ4 was inconstantly expressed, and PI-PLC γ2 was weakly expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Lo Vasco
- Department of Sensitive Organs, Policlinic Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Clarke CJ, Forman S, Pritchett J, Ohanian V, Ohanian J. Phospholipase C-delta1 modulates sustained contraction of rat mesenteric small arteries in response to noradrenaline, but not endothelin-1. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H826-34. [PMID: 18567701 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01396.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vasoconstrictors activate phospholipase C (PLC), which hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)), leading to calcium mobilization, protein kinase C activation, and contraction. Our aim was to investigate whether PLC-delta(1), a PLC isoform implicated in alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor signaling and the pathogenesis of hypertension, is involved in noradrenaline (NA) or endothelin (ET-1)-induced PIP(2) hydrolysis and contraction. Rat mesenteric small arteries were studied. Contractility was measured by pressure myography, phospholipids or inositol phosphates were measured by radiolabeling with (33)Pi or myo-[(3)H]inositol, and caveolae/rafts were prepared by discontinuous sucrose density centrifugation. PLC-delta(1) was localized by immunoblot analysis and neutralized by delivery of PLC-delta(1) antibody. The PLC inhibitor U73122, but not the negative control U-73342, markedly inhibited NA and ET-1 contraction but had no effect on potassium or phorbol ester contraction, implicating PLC activity in receptor-mediated smooth muscle contraction. PLC-delta(1) was present in caveolae/rafts, and NA, but not ET-1, stimulated a rapid twofold increase in PLC-delta(1) levels in these domains. PLC-delta(1) is calcium dependent, and removal of extracellular calcium prevented its association with caveolae/rafts in response to NA, concomitantly reducing NA-induced [(33)P]PIP(2) hydrolysis and [(3)H]inositol phosphate formation but with no effect on ET-1-induced [(33)P]PIP(2) hydrolysis. Neutralization of PLC-delta(1) by PLC-delta(1) antibody prevented its caveolae/raft association and attenuated the sustained contractile response to NA compared with control antibodies. In contrast, ET-1-induced contraction was not affected by PLC-delta(1) antibody. These results indicate the novel and selective role of caveolae/raft localized PLC-delta(1) in NA-induced PIP(2) hydrolysis and sustained contraction in intact vascular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Clarke
- Cardiovascular Research Group, School of Clinical and Laboratory Science, Univ. of Manchester, Core Technology Facility (3floor 46 Grafton St., Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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Mi LY, Ettenson DS, Edelman ER. Phospholipase C-delta extends intercellular signalling range and responses to injury-released growth factors in non-excitable cells. Cell Prolif 2008; 41:671-90. [PMID: 18616695 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intercellular communication in non-excitable cells is restricted to a limited range close to the signal source. Here, we have examined whether modification of the intracellular microenvironment could prolong the spatial proposition of signal generation and could increase cell proliferation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mathematical models and experimental studies of endothelial repair after controlled mechanical injury were used. The models predict the diffusion range of injury-released growth factors and identify important parameters involved in a signalling regenerative mode. Transfected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to validate model results, by examining intercellular calcium signalling range, cell proliferation and wound healing rate. RESULTS The models predict that growth factors have a limited capacity of extracellular diffusion and that intercellular signals are specially sensitive to cell phospholipase C-delta (PLCdelta) levels. As basal PLCdelta levels are increased by transfection, a significantly increased intercellular calcium range, enhanced cell proliferation, and faster wound healing rate were observed. CONCLUSION Our in silico and in vitro studies demonstrated that non-excitable endothelial cells respond to stimuli in a complex manner, in which intercellular communication is controlled by physicochemical properties of the stimulus and by the cell microenvironment. Such findings may have profound implications for our understanding of the tight nature of autocrine cell growth control, compensation to stress states and response to altered microenvironment, under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Mi
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Regulation of phospholipase C-δ1 by ARGHAP6, a GTPase-activating protein for RhoA: Possible role for enhanced activity of phospholipase C in hypertension. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 40:2264-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Deinum J. Second messengers in primary hypertension. J Hypertens 2003; 21:497-9. [PMID: 12640240 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200303000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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