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Qiu J, Sato Y, Xu L, Miura T, Kohzuki M, Ito O. Chronic Exercise Protects against the Progression of Renal Cyst Growth and Dysfunction in Rats with Polycystic Kidney Disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2485-2494. [PMID: 34310502 PMCID: PMC8594502 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive enlargement of renal epithelial cysts and renal dysfunction. Previous studies have reported the beneficial effects of chronic exercise on chronic kidney disease. However, the effects of chronic exercise have not been fully examined in PKD patients or models. The effects of chronic exercise on the progression of PKD were investigated in a polycystic kidney (PCK) rat model. Methods Six-week-old male PCK rats were divided into a sedentary group and an exercise group. The exercise group underwent forced treadmill exercise for 12 wk (28 m·min−1, 60 min·d−1, 5 d·wk−1). After 12 wk, renal function and histology were examined, and signaling cascades of PKD progression, including arginine vasopressin (AVP), were investigated. Results Chronic exercise reduced the excretion of urinary protein, liver-type fatty acid–binding protein, plasma creatinine, urea nitrogen, and increased plasma irisin and urinary AVP excretion. Chronic exercise also slowed renal cyst growth, glomerular damage, and interstitial fibrosis and led to reduced Ki-67 expression. Chronic exercise had no effect on cAMP content but decreased the renal expression of B-Raf and reduced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and S6. Conclusion Chronic exercise slows renal cyst growth and damage in PCK rats, despite increasing AVP, with the downregulation of the cAMP/B-Raf/ERK and mTOR/S6 pathways in the kidney of PCK rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Qiu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Faculty of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Farzanegi P, Abbaszadeh H, Farokhi F, Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Hosseini SA, Ahmad A, Mazandarani MR, Rezaei I, Shokrie M, Vizvari E, Alinejad H, Azarbayjani MA. Attenuated Renal and Hepatic Cells Apoptosis Following Swimming Exercise Supplemented with Garlic Extract in Old Rats. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1409-1418. [PMID: 32884250 PMCID: PMC7443438 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s250321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective One of the problems associated with aging is the development of apoptosis in different tissues. There is evidence that physical activity and herbal remedies can be useful. This study aimed to determine the effect of swimming training (SW) alone or combined with garlic extract on renal and hepatic cells apoptosis, as wellas on the liver and kidney function biomarkers in old rats. Methods A total of 35 old rats (aged 40–50 weeks) were randomly divided into 5 groups including control, saline (S), exercise training (ET), garlic (G) and exercise training+ garlic (ET.G) groups. Exercise was started for 5 min/day and then gradually extended to 60 min/day and the G and E+G groups received 1 mL/kg of this mixture by gavage. Twenty-four hours after completion of 8 weeks training, liver, kidney and blood samples were collected for histopathological examinations, liver and kidney functions, oxidative stress and apoptosis biomarkers. Results The tissue sections of the SW exercise, control and saline groups showed some mild histopathological changes in liver and kidney, while SW supplemented with garlic prevented these damages. The SW alone or supplemented with garlic significantly increased the Bcl-2 value and declined the BAX level in both liver and kidney (p<0.05). The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and kidney of the control and saline groups were lower than those in E, G and G+E groups, while a significant increase for malondialdehyde (MDA) value was found in the control and saline groups. Furthermore, the E+G significantly declined the activity of hepatic (ALT, AST and ALP) and renal damage (uric acid, urea and creatinine) biomarkers compared to the control and saline groups (p<0.05). Discussion Swimming exercise supplemented with garlic extract not only improves antioxidant capacity but also declines oxidative damages and apoptosis through reducing Bax levels and enhancing Bcl-2 value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Farzanegi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Hajar Abbaszadeh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Farokhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Sport Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| | - Abdi Ahmad
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Rezaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrie
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Exir Vizvari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Humanities, Shams Institute of Higher Education, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Hadi Alinejad
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
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Farzanegi P, Abbaszadeh H, Abbassi Daloii A, Kazemi M, Sabbaghian M, Shoeibi A, Nabipour R, Abuhosseini Z, Azarbayjani MA. Effects of aerobic exercise on histopathology and toxicology of ZnO and nano ZnO in male rats. TOXICOLOGICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 100:103-114. [DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2018.1430233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Farzanegi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Hajar Abbaszadeh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Asieh Abbassi Daloii
- Exercise Physiology Department, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Kazemi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sabbaghian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Shoeibi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Roya Nabipour
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Zohreh Abuhosseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
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Kuru O, Şentürk ÜK, Gülkesen H, Demir N, Gündüz F. Physical Training Increases Renal Injury in Rats with Chronic NOS Inhibition. Ren Fail 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jdi-65388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Abstract
Increasing peak bone mass at skeletal maturity, minimizing bone loss during middle age and after menopause, and increasing bone mass and preventing falls in advanced age are important measures for preventing osteoporotic fractures in women. Exercise has generally been considered to have a positive influence on bone health. This paper reviews the effects of treadmill exercise on bone in young, adult, ovariectomized, and osteopenic female rats. Treadmill exercise increases cortical and cancellous bone mass of the tibia as a result of increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption in young and adult rats. The increase in lumbar bone mass seems to be more significant when long-term exercise is applied. Treadmill exercise prevents cancellous bone loss at the tibia as a result of suppressed bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, and increases bone mass of the tibia and mechanical strength of the femur, as a result of suppressed bone resorption and increased bone formation in osteopenic rats after ovariectomy. Treadmill exercise transiently decreases the serum calcium level as a result of accumulation of calcium in bone, resulting in an increase in serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) level and a decrease in serum parathyroid hormone level. We conclude that treadmill exercise may be useful to increase bone mass in young and adult rats, prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats, and increase bone mass and bone strength in osteopenic rats, especially in the long bones at weight-bearing sites. Treadmill exercise may have a positive effect on the skeleton in young, and adult, ovariectomized, and osteopenic female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Iwamoto
- Department of Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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