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Adel Madbouly N, Emam M, Ayman M, Ayman M, Rabia I, El Amir A. In vitro and in vivo impacts of nifedipine and diltiazem on praziquantel chemotherapy in murine Schistosoma mansoni. Exp Parasitol 2022; 236-237:108256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Influence of cytomegalovirus infection in the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015; 34:1112-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kazama I, Tamada T, Tachi M. Usefulness of targeting lymphocyte Kv1.3-channels in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Inflamm Res 2015. [PMID: 26206235 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes predominantly express delayed rectifier K(+)-channels (Kv1.3) in their plasma membranes. Patch-clamp studies revealed that the channels play crucial roles in facilitating the calcium influx necessary to trigger lymphocyte activation and proliferation. Using selective channel inhibitors in experimental animal models, in vivo studies further revealed the clinically relevant relationship between the channel expression and the development of chronic respiratory diseases, in which chronic inflammation or the overstimulation of cellular immunity in the airways is responsible for the pathogenesis. In chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis, in addition to the supportive management for the symptoms, the anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics were shown to be effective against the over-activation or proliferation of T lymphocytes. Recently, we provided physiological and pharmacological evidence that macrolide antibiotics, together with calcium channel blockers, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, effectively suppress the Kv1.3-channel currents in lymphocytes, and thus exert anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory effects. In this review article, based on the findings obtained from recent in vivo and in vitro studies, we address the novel therapeutic implications of targeting the lymphocyte Kv1.3-channels for the treatment of chronic or acute respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology I, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Baba A, Tachi M, Maruyama Y, Kazama I. Suppressive effects of diltiazem and verapamil on delayed rectifier K(+)-channel currents in murine thymocytes. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:959-64. [PMID: 26398391 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocytes predominantly express delayed rectifier K(+)-channels (Kv1.3) in their plasma membranes, and these channels play crucial roles in the lymphocyte activation and proliferation. Since diltiazem and verapamil, which are highly lipophilic Ca(2+) channel blockers (CCBs), exert relatively stronger immunomodulatory effects than the other types of CCBs, they would affect the Kv1.3-channel currents in lymphocytes. METHODS Employing the standard patch-clamp whole-cell recording technique in murine thymocytes, we examined the effects of these drugs on the channel currents and the membrane capacitance. RESULTS Both diltiazem and verapamil significantly suppressed the peak and the pulse-end currents of the channels, although the effects of verapamil were more marked than those of diltiazem. Both drugs significantly lowered the membrane capacitance, indicating the interactions between the drugs and the plasma membranes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated for the first time that CCBs, such as diltiazem and verapamil, exert inhibitory effects on Kv1.3-channels expressed in lymphocytes. The effects of these drugs may be associated with the mechanisms of immunomodulation by which they decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Baba
- Department of Physiology I, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tachi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshio Maruyama
- Department of Physiology I, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology I, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Delgado JF, Sanchez V, Calzada CS, Gomez-Sanchez MA, Escribano P, Cea-Calvo L, Pascual JG, Camara AG, Sotelo T, Rufilanchas JJ. Impact of diltiazem administration and cyclosporine levels on the incidence of acute rejection in heart transplant patients. Transpl Int 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2003.tb00369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stachlewitz RF, Li X, Smith S, Bunzendahl H, Graves LM, Thurman RG. Glycine inhibits growth of T lymphocytes by an IL-2-independent mechanism. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2000; 164:176-82. [PMID: 10605009 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.1.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, it was shown that glycine prevented increases in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in Kupffer cells. Since Kupffer cells and T lymphocytes are derived from the same pluripotent stem cell, it was hypothesized that glycine would prevent increases in [Ca2+]i in lymphocytes and inhibit cell proliferation. Lymphocyte proliferation was measured in one-way MLC with spleen cells from DA and Lewis rats and in enriched T lymphocyte preparations stimulated by immobilized anti-CD3 Ab. Glycine caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation to about 40% of control. Con A caused a dose-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i in Jurkat cells which was blunted maximally with 0.6 mM glycine. The effect of glycine was dependent on extracellular chloride and reversed by strychnine, an antagonist of the glycine-gated chloride channel. Similar results were obtained with rat T lymphocytes stimulated by anti-CD3 Ab. Surprisingly, glycine had no effect on IL-2 production in the mixed lymphocyte culture; therefore, the effect of glycine on IL-2-dependent proliferation was tested. Glycine and rapamycin caused dose-dependent decreases in IL-2-stimulated growth of Ctll-2 cells to about 60% and 40%, respectively, of control. Moreover, glycine also inhibited the IL-2-stimulated growth of rat splenic lymphocytes. It is concluded that glycine blunts proliferation in an IL-2-independent manner. This is consistent with the hypothesis that glycine activates a glycine-gated chloride channel and hyperpolarizes the cell membrane-blunting increases in [Ca2+]i that are required for transcription of factors necessary for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Stachlewitz
- Laboratory of Hepatobiology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA
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Mies S, Massarollo PC, Figueira ER, Leitão RM, Raia S. Lower incidence of liver graft rejection in patients on diltiazem plus cyclosporine therapy. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:1437-8. [PMID: 9636582 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)00305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Mies
- Liver Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Atkinson JB. Accelerated arteriosclerosis after transplantation: the possible role of calcium channel blockers. Int J Cardiol 1997; 62 Suppl 2:S125-34. [PMID: 9488204 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(97)00250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The major factor limiting the long-term success of cardiac transplantation is the development of accelerated arteriosclerosis that occurs in the coronary arteries of the cardiac allograft. Transplant arteriosclerosis is characterized by diffuse, uniform, concentric narrowing of the artery by a proliferative, fibrocellular intima. The etiology of transplant arteriosclerosis is thought to be immune-mediated, and endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells participate in the progression. Based on data derived from studies of conventional atherosclerosis, in which calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have demonstrated beneficial effects, preliminary studies designed to determine if CCBs might affect transplant arteriosclerosis similarly have been performed in animal models as well as in a limited number of cardiac transplant patients. Amlodipine suppressed transplant arteriosclerosis in one animal study, while diltiazem preserved vasodilatory responses in another animal study. Small prospective trials and retrospective studies in humans have shown that CCBs have a favorable effect on the development of transplant arteriosclerosis. While no work has been directed specifically at determining the mechanisms by which CCBs might prevent transplant arteriosclerosis, there are several likely candidates. These include preservation of endothelial function, suppression of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, production of extracellular matrix, and regulation of lipid metabolism and certain components of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Kasiske BL, Johnson HJ, Goerdt PJ, Heim-Duthoy KL, Rao VK, Dahl DC, Ney AL, Andersen RC, Jacobs DM, Odland MD. A randomized trial comparing cyclosporine induction with sequential therapy in renal transplant recipients. Am J Kidney Dis 1997; 30:639-45. [PMID: 9370178 DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(97)90487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium antagonists may reduce the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine (CsA), allowing CsA to be introduced immediately after renal transplantation and thereby obviating the need for sequential induction therapy with a monoclonal or polyclonal antibody. To test this hypothesis, in a pilot feasibility trial 100 cadaveric or one-haplotype-mismatched living-related renal transplant recipients were randomized to either (1) sequential therapy with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) (ATGAM; Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) 20 mg/kg/d for 7 to 14 days until renal function was established and CsA (Sandimmune; Sandoz, East Hanover, NJ) was started, or (2) CsA 8 mg/kg/d begun immediately before surgery with diltiazem (Cardizem; Marion Merrell Dow, Kansas City, MO) 60 mg sustained release twice daily. Acute rejection episodes during the first 90 days were not different with ATG versus CsA induction (42% v 28%; P = 0.142 by chi-square analysis). Graft failures (10% v 16%; P = 0.372) and the incidence of delayed graft function (28% v 34%; P = 0.516) were also similar with ATG compared with CsA. ATG caused lower platelet counts (138 +/- 59 x 10(3) v 197 +/- 75 x 10(3) at 7 days; P < 0.001) and lower white blood cell counts (9.6 +/- 4.6 x 10(3) v 12.3 +/- 4.9 x 10(3) at 7 days; P = 0.003). Diltiazem reduced the dose of CsA required to maintain target blood levels (479 +/- 189 mg/d v 576 +/- 178 mg/d at 14 days; P = 0.015). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in serum creatinine levels at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, 60, or 90. The results of this pilot feasibility trial suggest that prophylactic treatment with CsA and diltiazem may be equally effective and less toxic than ATG induction after renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Kasiske
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota College of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis 55415, USA
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Duguay P, Chen H, Daloze P, Dumont L. Cardioprotective effects of the lazaroid U74389G following cold preservation and transplantation of rat hearts. Transplantation 1996; 61:1023-8. [PMID: 8623180 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199604150-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Limited recovery of contractile function and loss of coronary reactivity have been observed following prolonged hypothermic storage and transplantation of the heart. Since lipid peroxidation has a significant role in these deficits, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of a 21-aminosteroid. U74389G, 3 mg/kg i.v., was given daily for 2 consecutive days to donor Lewis rats before the hearts were harvested and to recipient Lewis rats for 3 consecutive days after heart transplantation. Donor hearts were preserved for 4 hr in cold saline (4 degree C) before transplantation. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVP), basal coronary perfusion, and coronary reactivity to endothelium-dependent dilation (bradykinin, 0.1 microM) or endothelium-dependent dilation (sodium nitroprusside, 0.5 microM) were studied in isolated, buffer-perfused heart, using a modified Langendorff model. Cold preservation alone significantly reduced LVP and coronary perfusion. Coronary reactivity to bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside was also significantly impaired. In U74389G-treated donor hearts, 4 hr of cold ischemia did not alter contractile function, coronary perfusion or endothelial reactivity, although the response to sodium nitroprusside did not fully recover. In untreated recipients, in vivo reperfusion (transplantation) resulted in reduced LVP and perfusion deficits. Treating donors and recipients with U74389G improved left ventricular contractibility and coronary perfusion, although endothelium-dependent and -independent coronary reactivity remained affected. These results indicate that the lazaroid U74389G exerts significant cardioprotection during both preservation and transplantation of the heart. Donor and recipient pretreatment is mandatory for maximal efficacy with U74389G.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Duguay
- Department of Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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al Edreesi M, Caillé G, Dupuis C, Théoret Y, Paradis K. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic actions of diltiazem in pediatric liver transplant recipients on cyclosporine. LIVER TRANSPLANTATION AND SURGERY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF LIVER DISEASES AND THE INTERNATIONAL LIVER TRANSPLANTATION SOCIETY 1995; 1:383-8. [PMID: 9346617 DOI: 10.1002/lt.500010609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two children who had undergone liver transplantation were paired according to their posttransplantation duration, renal function, and diagnoses when possible and randomized either to continue nifedipine (NIF group) or switch to diltiazem (DIL group), in addition to continuing their usual immunosuppressive medications. The cases were followed prospectively regarding diltiazem tolerance, cyclosporine dose requirements, effect on cyclosporine kinetics, diltiazem kinetics, as well as effect on renal function. Diltiazem was well tolerated at a dose of 3 mg to 6.4 mg/kg/day (max 180 mg/day) with infrequent self-limited mild side effects. Cyclosporine daily dose was reduced by a mean of 36.7% and 38.3% at 3 and 6 months, respectively, in the DIL group to achieve target trough cyclosporine levels without modifying liver function. No significant difference in renal function was observed after 3 to 6 months in either group based on blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rate by the DTPA method. Diltiazem appears to be well tolerated in children and allows for substantial dose reductions of CSA without apparent effects on liver graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M al Edreesi
- Montreal Pediatric Liver Transplant Program, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Hadad SJ, Souza ER, Ferreira AT, Oshiro ME, Boim MA, Razvickas CV, Moura LA, Schor N. FK 506: effects on glomerular hemodynamics and on mesangial cells in culture. Kidney Int 1995; 48:56-64. [PMID: 7564092 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1995.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
FK 506 is a new immunosuppressive drug that, like cyclosporine A (CsA), presents nephrotoxicity. Glomerular hemodynamic studies showed that acute FK 506 infusion (N = 9, 3 mg/kg body wt, i.v. in bolus) caused a 57% reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (0.74 +/- 0.03 to 0.32 +/- 0.02 ml/min, P < 0.05) and a 40% reduction in single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR; 43.0 +/- 5.2 to 26.0 +/- 2.5 nl/min, P < 0.05) due to a 25% reduction in glomerular plasma flow rate (QA) (133.4 +/- 19.8 to 99.8 +/- 12.0 nl/min) and a 22% reduction in glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf; 0.1009 +/- 0.0203 to 0.0790 +/- 0.0130 nl/sec. mm Hg). After 10 days of FK treatment (N = 8, 0.6 mg/kg body wt, i.p.), we observed a reduction of 23% in GFR (0.97 +/- 0.02 to 0.75 +/- 0.04 ml/min, P < 0.05) and of 23% in SNGFR (37.9 +/- 3.0 to 29.1 +/- 1.9 nl/min, P < 0.05) due to a 42% reduction in Kf (0.1486 +/- 0.0101 to 0.0870 +/- 0.0110 nl/sec.mm Hg, P < 0.05) and a 38% reduction in QA (117.6 +/- 10.2 to 73.5 +/- 6.1 nl/min, P < 0.05). The latter was consequent to the increment of 72% in total arteriolar resistance (RT) (3.1 +/- 0.2 to 5.2 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.5 10(10).dyn.sec.cm-5, P < 0.05). Thus, the pattern of FK 506 effect on glomerular hemodynamics was similar in both acute and chronic treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hadad
- Biophysics Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brasil
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Dumont L, Chen H, Xu D, Daloze P. Interaction of diltiazem and rapamycin on survival of rat cardiac allografts. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993; 696:392-5. [PMID: 8109847 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb17175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Dumont
- Département de Pharmacologie et de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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