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Liu K, Wang G, Ding H, Chen Y, Yu G, Wang J. Downregulation of metastasis suppressor 1(MTSS1) is associated with nodal metastasis and poor outcome in Chinese patients with gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:428. [PMID: 20712855 PMCID: PMC2928798 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The putative tumor metastasis suppressor 1(MTSS1) is an actin-binding scaffold protein that has been implicated to play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis, yet its role in the development of gastric cancer has not been well illustrated. In this study, we detected MTSS1 expression and explored its clinical significance in gastric cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed using tissue microarrays containing gastric adenocarcinoma specimens from 1,072 Chinese patients with normal adjacent mucosa, primary gastric cancer and lymph node (LN) metastasis and specific antibody against MTSS1. MTSS1 mRNA and protein expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The clinical follow-up was done in the 669 patients living in Shanghai that was chose from the 1072 cases. Results Complete loss of MTSS1 expression was observed in 751 cases (70.1%) of the 1,072 primary tumors and 103 (88%) of 117 nodal metastases; and loss of MTSS1 expression was significantly associated with poorly differentiated tumors, large tumor size, deep invasion level, the presence of nodal metastases and advanced disease stage. Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that loss of MTSS1 expression correlated significantly with poor survival rates (RR = 0.194, 95% CI = 0.144-0.261, P < 0.001). Conclusions MTSS1 expression decreased significantly as gastric cancer progressed and metastasized, suggesting MTSS1 may serve as a useful biomarker for the prediction of outcome of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Yaghoobi M, Rakhshani N, Sadr F, Bijarchi R, Joshaghani Y, Mohammadkhani A, Attari A, Akbari MR, Hormazdi M, Malekzadeh R. Hereditary risk factors for the development of gastric cancer in younger patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2004; 4:28. [PMID: 15509297 PMCID: PMC529446 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-4-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2004] [Accepted: 10/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is believed that the development of gastric cancer (GC) before the age of 50 has a hereditary basis. Blood group A and history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives have been shown to be risk factors for GC. METHODS In this case-control study, we enrolled patients with GC who were diagnosed before the age of 50. Patients who were diagnosed as having GC were selected. A total of 534 cases were found; of these, 44 diagnosed before the age of 50 were included in the case group. For the control group, 22 males and 22 females were randomly selected from the remaining subjects, who had diagnoses of GC after the age of 50. All the surviving patients and family members of the dead patients were interviewed about the history of cancer in the family and the age at which other family members developed cancer. The blood group of each subject was also obtained. RESULTS forty-four cases under 50 years old (mean age: 36.2 years) and forty-four controls (mean age: 67.1 years) were enrolled in the study. At the time of the study, 59.1% of the study group and 50% of the control group were alive (P value = NS). In the study group, 68.1%, 13.6%, 13.6% and 4.5% had blood groups O, A, B and AB, respectively. In the control group the corresponding figures were 27.7%, 63.6%, 6.8% and 4.5%. First or second-degree relatives with cancer, including gastric (the most frequent), breast, lung, gynecological and hematological malignancies, were noted in 54.5% of the cases and 11.4% of the controls (p < 0.01). Family histories of cancer were accepted as valid provided that they were based on valid medical documents. CONCLUSIONS It seems that the development of GC before the age of 50 is likely to be accompanied by familial susceptibility. Interestingly, our study showed a significant correlation between blood group O and the development of gastric cancer under the age of 50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yaghoobi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Naser Rakhshani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Farhad Sadr
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Raheleh Bijarchi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Yasamin Joshaghani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Ashraf Mohammadkhani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Arezou Attari
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Akbari
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hormazdi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Kargar Shomali St, Tehran 14114, Iran
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Vermeer IT, Engels LG, Pachen DM, Dallinga JW, Kleinjans JC, van Maanen JM. Intragastric volatile N-nitrosamines, nitrite, pH, and Helicobacter pylori during long-term treatment with omeprazole. Gastroenterology 2001; 121:517-25. [PMID: 11522734 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.27098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS This study evaluated the effect of long-term gastric acid suppressive therapy with omeprazole on intragastric levels of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines and related parameters. METHODS Forty-five patients on long-term omeprazole medication (mean, 35 months) and 13 healthy subjects without medication participated. Volatile N-nitrosamines were determined in gastric juice and urine. Intragastric pH, nitrite, nitrate, and H. pylori status were determined. DNA isolated from gastric biopsy specimens was analyzed for precarcinogenic alkyl-DNA adducts. RESULTS The intragastric pH in patients was significantly higher compared with controls (P = 0.0001). Gastric nitrite levels in patients were nonsignificantly higher. There was no difference in total levels of intragastric volatile N-nitrosamines between patients and controls, however, urinary N-nitrosodimethylamine excretion was higher in patients (P = 0.001). On omeprazole, Helicobacter pylori-positive vs. -negative patients had a nonsignificantly higher intragastric nitrite level and higher urinary N-nitrosodimethylamine excretion. No alkyl-DNA adducts could be detected in gastric epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Increased intragastric pH caused by long-term treatment with omeprazole does not result in increased intragastric levels of nitrite and volatile N-nitrosamines. The significantly higher urinary N-nitrosamine excretion implies the risk of increased endogenous formation of N-nitrosamines during long-term omeprazole treatment. This risk may be higher in H. pylori-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Vermeer
- Department of Health Risk Analysis and Toxicology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Cohen AJ, Roe FJ. Evaluation of the aetiological role of dietary salt exposure in gastric and other cancers in humans. Food Chem Toxicol 1997; 35:271-93. [PMID: 9146740 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(96)00114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The findings in laboratory and epidemiological studies relevant to the assessment of salt for carcinogenic potential are reviewed. Associations between the high consumption of certain highly salted foodstuffs, particularly in some oriental countries, and increased risk of cancer of the stomach do not incriminate salt per se. Some highly spiced foods contain potent genotoxic carcinogens, irrespective of whether they also contain salt. There is evidence in laboratory animals that high concentrations of salt may increase the incidence of gastric cancer caused by such carcinogens. This may well be attributable to a marked and sustained regenerative response in the gastric mucosa of laboratory animals chronically exposed to the cytotoxicity of hyperosmolar concentrations of salt, such a mitogenic response favouring the progression towards neoplasia. However, there is no laboratory evidence whatsoever to indicate that salt per se is a carcinogen for any site in the body; neither is there any reliable epidemiological evidence to indicate that dietary salt affects the incidence of gastric or other cancers. A particular problem in the interpretation of epidemiological studies is that the consumption of diets containing highly salted, spicy foods is often associated with low intakes of fruit and green vegetables, which contain cancer-protective antioxidants. In Western countries the incidence of cancer of the stomach has been falling for some 50 years. The consensus view is that this fall is attributable to improved food hygiene and increasingly available facilities for refrigeration. There are no grounds for supposing that the fall is attributable to a decreasing intake of salt. A high dietary salt intake does not necessarily entail exposure to salt in concentrations high enough to damage the gastric mucosa. The typical Western diet would not be expected to provide such high salt concentrations. It is concluded that there are no grounds for believing that a reduction in the average daily salt intake in the Western diet would have any effect on the risk of developing any form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Cohen
- Toxicology Advisory Services, Sutton, Surrey, UK
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