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Valadez-Vega C, Morales-González JA, Sumaya-Martínez MT, Delgado-Olivares L, Cruz-Castañeda A, Bautista M, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Zuñiga-Pérez C. Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect of tepary bean lectins on C33-A, MCF-7, SKNSH, and SW480 cell lines. Molecules 2014; 19:9610-27. [PMID: 25004071 PMCID: PMC6271045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For many years, several studies have been employing lectin from vegetables in order to prove its toxic effect on various cell lines. In this work, we analyzed the cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and post-incubatory effect of pure tepary bean lectins on four lines of malignant cells: C33-A; MCF-7; SKNSH, and SW480. The tests were carried out employing MTT and 3[H]-thymidine assays. The results showed that after 24 h of lectin exposure, the cells lines showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, the effect being higher on MCF-7, while C33-A showed the highest resistance. Cell proliferation studies showed that the toxic effect induced by lectins is higher even when lectins are removed, and in fact, the inhibition of proliferation continues after 48 h. Due to the use of two techniques to analyze the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect, differences were observed in the results, which can be explained by the fact that one technique is based on metabolic reactions, while the other is based on the 3[H]-thymidine incorporated in DNA by cells under division. These results allow concluding that lectins exert a cytotoxic effect after 24 h of exposure, exhibiting a dose-dependent effect. In some cases, the cytotoxic effect is higher even when the lectins are eliminated, however, in other cases, the cells showed a proliferative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Valadez-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - José A Morales-González
- Laboratorio Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, México D.F. 11340, Mexico.
| | - María Teresa Sumaya-Martínez
- Secretary of Research and Graduate Studies, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura "Amado Nervo", Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco S/N. Tepic, Nayarit, 63190 Mexico.
| | - Luis Delgado-Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Areli Cruz-Castañeda
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Mirandeli Bautista
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Clara Zuñiga-Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Ex Hacienda la Concepción s/n. Carr. Pachuca-Tilcuautla C.P. 42060 Tilcuautla, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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A Calcium Ion-Dependent Dimeric Bean Lectin with Antiproliferative Activity Toward Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells. Protein J 2013; 32:208-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-013-9477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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García-Gasca T, García-Cruz M, Hernandez-Rivera E, López-Matínez J, Castañeda-Cuevas AL, Yllescas-Gasca L, Rodríguez-Méndez AJ, Mendiola-Olaya E, Castro-Guillén JL, Blanco-Labra A. Effects of Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) protease inhibitor and semipure lectin fractions on cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 2012; 64:1269-78. [PMID: 23163855 PMCID: PMC3856472 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.722246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Some natural and synthetic protease inhibitors (PI), such as the Bowman-Birk PI from soybean, have anticancer effects. We previously purified and characterized a Bowman-Birk-type PI from Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) seeds (TBPI). A semipure protein fraction containing this inhibitor, when tested its in vitro effect on transformed cells, showed a differential cytotoxic effect, as well as an increase in cell attachment to culture dishes. In this article we report that lectins were responsible for the cytotoxic effect previously observed, exhibiting a differential, antiproliferative effect on nontransformed cells and on different lineages of cancer cells. Although the purified TBPI lacked cytotoxicity, it was found to be responsible for the increase in cell adhesion, decreasing culture dishes' extracellular matrix degradation, leading to a decrease of the in vitro cell invasion capacity. This effect coincided with the suppression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 activity. These results indicate that Tepary bean seeds contain at least 2 different groups of bioactive proteins with distinct effects on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa García-Gasca
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México.
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Valadez-Vega C, Alvarez-Manilla G, Riverón-Negrete L, García-Carrancá A, Morales-González JA, Zuñiga-Pérez C, Madrigal-Santillán E, Esquivel-Soto J, Esquivel-Chirino C, Villagómez-Ibarra R, Bautista M, Morales-González Á. Detection of cytotoxic activity of lectin on human colon adenocarcinoma (Sw480) and epithelial cervical carcinoma (C33-A). Molecules 2011; 16:2107-18. [PMID: 21368722 PMCID: PMC6259920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16032107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins comprise a heterogeneous class of proteins that recognize the carbohydrate moieties of glycoconjugates with high specificity. Numerous studies have shown that lectins are capable of recognizing specific carbohydrate moieties displayed by malignant cells or tissues. The present work was performed to investigate the effects of tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) lectins on proliferation, colony formation, and alteration of DNA synthesis of human malignant cells. Tepary bean lectin showed dose dependent effects on the inhibition of viability as well as on colony formation in two human malignant cells lines (C33-A, Sw480); By contrast, tepary bean lectin only showed significant effects on DNA synthesis on Sw480 cells. Our results provide evidence of the anti- proliferative and cytotoxic effects of the tepary bean lectins on C33-A and Sw480 cells lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Valadez-Vega
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Gerardo Alvarez-Manilla
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Leticia Riverón-Negrete
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Clara Zuñiga-Pérez
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Jaime Esquivel-Soto
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Cesar Esquivel-Chirino
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Roberto Villagómez-Ibarra
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Mirandeli Bautista
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-771-717-2000; Fax: +52-771-717-2000, extension 5111
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Campos-Vega R, Loarca-Piña G, Oomah BD. Minor components of pulses and their potential impact on human health. Food Res Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Gross G, Wildner J, Schonewille A, Rademaker JLW, van der Meer R, Snel J. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v does not counteract unfavorable phytohemagglutinin-induced changes in the rat intestinal microbiota. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:5244-9. [PMID: 18606805 PMCID: PMC2519263 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00514-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in weaning feed has been suggested to stimulate intestinal epithelium maturation. In this study, PHA strongly affected the fecal bacterial population structure of rats. Escherichia coli overgrowth was not prevented by probiotic mannose-adhering Lactobacillus plantarum 299v. Therefore, use of PHA in weaning feed deserves careful evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gross
- Department Health and Safety, NIZO food research, P.O. Box 20, 6710 BA Ede, The Netherlands
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Pryme IF. Reducing the availability of polyamines for a developing tumour. Biochem Soc Trans 2007; 35:340-2. [PMID: 17371274 DOI: 10.1042/bst0350340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To sustain growth and support metabolic requirements, mammals assimilate energy-producing molecules and nutrients from food. These molecules are distributed throughout the body in order to meet the requirements of the internal organs. The various demands of the different organs are to a large extent met by regulatory processes consisting of a complex interaction between hormones, growth factors and cytokines. Normal metabolic activity and partitioning of nutrients between individual organs is affected by a number of events such as stress, a limited supply of nutrients, infection or tumour growth. Since the intestine has the highest metabolic activity of all the internal organs, a tumour will initially compete with the gut for nutrients and energy-providing molecules. The polyamines represent a class of molecules where the demand in the body increases during tumour growth. A tumour can partly obtain the polyamines required to support its growth by up-regulating its own biosynthetic capacity and partly by increasing uptake from the body pool. Rather than limiting the exogenous supply of dietary polyamines we have used another approach to manipulate polyamine pools in mice. When the lectin phytohaemagglutinin is included in the diet, a fully reversible dose-dependent growth of the small intestine occurs leading to an extensive accumulation of polyamines in the intestinal epithelia. This approach of reducing the availability of exogenous polyamines to a growing tumour will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Pryme
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Liesvei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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Husnik JI, Volschenk H, Bauer J, Colavizza D, Luo Z, van Vuuren HJJ. Metabolic engineering of malolactic wine yeast. Metab Eng 2006; 8:315-23. [PMID: 16621641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2006] [Revised: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Malolactic fermentation is essential for the deacidification of high acid grape must. We have constructed a genetically stable industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by integrating a linear cassette containing the Schizosaccharomyces pombe malate permease gene (mae1) and the Oenococcus oeni malolactic gene (mleA) under control of the S. cerevisiae PGK1 promoter and terminator sequences into the URA3 locus of an industrial wine yeast. The malolactic yeast strain, ML01, fully decarboxylated 5.5 g/l of malate in Chardonnay grape must during the alcoholic fermentation. Analysis of the phenotype, genotype, transcriptome, and proteome revealed that the ML01 yeast is substantially equivalent to the parental industrial wine yeast. The ML01 yeast enjoys 'Generally Regarded As Safe' status from the FDA and is the first genetically enhanced yeast that has been commercialized. Its application will prevent the formation of noxious biogenic amines produced by lactic acid bacteria in wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- John I Husnik
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Suite 231, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
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De Mejía EG, Prisecaru VI. Lectins as Bioactive Plant Proteins: A Potential in Cancer Treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2005; 45:425-45. [PMID: 16183566 DOI: 10.1080/10408390591034445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant lectins, a unique group of proteins and glycoproteins with potent biological activity, occur in foods like wheat, corn, tomato, peanut, kidney bean, banana, pea, lentil, soybean, mushroom, rice, and potato. Thus, dietary intakes by humans can be significant. Many lectins resist digestion, survive gut passage, and bind to gastrointestinal cells and/or enter the circulation intact, maintaining full biological activity. Several lectins have been found to possess anticancer properties in vitro, in vivo, and in human case studies; they are used as therapeutic agents, preferentially binding to cancer cell membranes or their receptors, causing cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor growth. These compounds can become internalized into cells, causing cancer cell agglutination and/or aggregation. Ingestion of lectins also sequesters the available body pool of polyamines, thereby thwarting cancer cell growth. They also affect the immune system by altering the production of various interleukins, or by activating certain protein kinases. Lectins can bind to ribosomes and inhibit protein synthesis. They also modify the cell cycle by inducing non-apoptotic G1-phase accumulation mechanisms, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and can activate the caspase cascade. Lectins can also downregulate telomerase activity and inhibit angiogenesis. Although lectins seem to have great potential as anticancer agents, further research is still needed and should include a genomic and proteomic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira González De Mejía
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Pryme IF, Bardocz S, Pusztai A, Ewen SW, Pfüller U. A mistletoe lectin (ML-1)-containing diet reduces the viability of a murine non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 28:52-6. [PMID: 15041078 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2003.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study we show that the characteristics of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) tumors in female Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI, USA) mice fed mistletoe lectin (ML)-containing diets were different from those in mice fed control diet. The non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumor was originally established from a spontaneous tumor which developed in the inguinal region of a male mouse. Mice (five animals per group) were fed a lactalbumin (LA)-based control diet or a diet which provided up to 10 mg lectin per day. At the highest daily intake (10 mg lectin) the degree of mitotic activity in tumors was reduced by 75% and the nuclear area had diminished by 21%. The overall level of lymphocyte infiltration (CD3 positive cells) in tumors from mistletoe lectin fed mice was increased by a factor of two. Other morphological studies showed a high incidence of apoptotic bodies in non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumors obtained from mice fed mistletoe lectin diets. The feeding of such diets thus produced several identifiable changes in the morphology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumors. These were consistent with the observed reduction in tumor mass. In 4/15 mice fed a mistletoe lectin diet for 11 days there was no longer evidence of viable tumor. The results show that this lectin exerts powerful anti-tumor effects when provided by the oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian F Pryme
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Aarstadveien 19, NO-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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Reynoso-Camacho R, González de Mejía E, Loarca-Piña G. Purification and acute toxicity of a lectin extracted from tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius). Food Chem Toxicol 2003; 41:21-7. [PMID: 12453724 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins known for their ability to agglutinate cells, especially erythrocytes. Several lectins are toxic to mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo, inhibit growth when incorporated into the diet and are toxic when injected into animals. On the other hand, the use of lectins has been suggested as an alternative in cancer treatment. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of a lectin extracted and purified from tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius, G-400-34) on CD-1 mice. Fetuin affinity chromatography, electrophoretic pattern and Western-immunoblot techniques were used to purify and partially characterize the lectin. This tepary bean line presented high levels of lectin activity. Western blot revealed that the sera reacted with the known PHA subunits in the 34-40 kD range. Four major lectin and lectin-related glycopolypeptides were identified. The purified lectin from tepary bean was a tetrameric one that ran at about 115-120 kD. The LD(50) (ip) was 1100 mg/kg body weight for males and 1120 mg/kg body weight for females. The body weight of experimental animals decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The main target organs affected were small intestine, spleen and thymus. The lectin isolated from tepary bean showed affinity towards fetuin, with high agglutination values and low acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reynoso-Camacho
- PROPAC (Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Mexico
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Abstract
Intracellular polyamine concentrations are maintained by endogenous synthesis and uptake of exogenous polyamines from the gastrointestinal lumen. Recently, much attention has been focused on the role of polyamines in tumour pathogenesis and the possible therapeutic value of reducing polyamine concentrations in tumour tissue. Unfortunately, polyamines also appear to be essential for the maintenance of normal gastrointestinal structure and function. The immediate analytical challenge is to make progress in laboratory methods for polyamine class analyses and assessment of polyamine metabolism. An obvious gastroenterological target is to make up for past neglect of the function of these important dietary components.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Murphy
- Gastroenterology Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
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