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Tyler PM, Bucklin ML, Zhao M, Maher TJ, Rice AJ, Ji W, Warner N, Pan J, Morotti R, McCarthy P, Griffiths A, van Rossum AMC, Hollink IHIM, Dalm VASH, Catanzaro J, Lakhani SA, Muise AM, Lucas CL. Human autoinflammatory disease reveals ELF4 as a transcriptional regulator of inflammation. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1118-1126. [PMID: 34326534 PMCID: PMC8985851 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors specialized to limit the destructive potential of inflammatory immune cells remain ill-defined. We discovered loss-of-function variants in the X-linked ETS transcription factor gene ELF4 in multiple unrelated male patients with early onset mucosal autoinflammation and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characteristics, including fevers and ulcers that responded to interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor or IL-12p40 blockade. Using cells from patients and newly generated mouse models, we uncovered ELF4-mutant macrophages having hyperinflammatory responses to a range of innate stimuli. In mouse macrophages, Elf4 both sustained the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, such as Il1rn, and limited the upregulation of inflammation amplifiers, including S100A8, Lcn2, Trem1 and neutrophil chemoattractants. Blockade of Trem1 reversed inflammation and intestine pathology after in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge in mice carrying patient-derived variants in Elf4. Thus, ELF4 restrains inflammation and protects against mucosal disease, a discovery with broad translational relevance for human inflammatory disorders such as IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Tyler
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Molly L Bucklin
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mengting Zhao
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Timothy J Maher
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew J Rice
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weizhen Ji
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Neil Warner
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jie Pan
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raffaella Morotti
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul McCarthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anne Griffiths
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annemarie M C van Rossum
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris H I M Hollink
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Virgil A S H Dalm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jason Catanzaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saquib A Lakhani
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carrie L Lucas
- Immunobiology Department, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Suico MA, Shuto T, Kai H. Roles and regulations of the ETS transcription factor ELF4/MEF. J Mol Cell Biol 2018; 9:168-177. [PMID: 27932483 PMCID: PMC5907832 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factors are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. This is in part due to the roles of ETS transcription factors in basic biological processes such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation, and also because of their regulatory functions that have physiological relevance in tumorigenesis, immunity, and basal cellular homoeostasis. A member of the E74-like factor (ELF) subfamily of the ETS transcription factor family—myeloid elf-1-like factor (MEF), designated as ELF4—has been shown to be critically involved in immune response and signalling, osteogenesis, adipogenesis, cancer, and stem cell quiescence. ELF4 carries out these functions as a transcriptional activator or through interactions with its partner proteins. Mutations in ELF4 cause aberrant interactions and induce downstream processes that may lead to diseased cells. Knowing how ELF4 impinges on certain cellular processes and how it is regulated in the cells can lead to a better understanding of the physiological and pathological consequences of modulated ELF4 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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Wang CL, Liang L, Shen Z, Zou CC, Fu JF, Dong GP. X-linked recessive combined pituitary hormone deficiency is mapped to Xp22.3-Xp11 in a Chinese family. Genomics 2011; 98:440-4. [PMID: 22001696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic mutations have been identified in a modest proportion of patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). We reported a 3-generation family consisting of 18 members, including 5 affected males (the proband, his 2 brothers, his cousin, and his maternal uncle; III1-III4, II8) suffered with CPHD. MRI of the pituitary gland showed hypoplasia of the pituitary gland in affected members. By 19 STR markers and linkage analysis, we found that the disease gene localized between the DXS987 and DXS1226 markers (LOD score=2.408, θ=0). All affected male patients inherited the same haplotype from the female carrier (I4). The proband's mother (II4) and her sister (II3, II6) were obligate female carriers. However, the unaffected males (II(7), II(9)) in the family did not have this haplotype. These observations confirm a new X-linked recessive inherited disease in a Chinese family with CPHD and the pathogenic gene is mapped to Xp22.1-Xp11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Lin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Sheffer-Babila S, Chandra M, Speiser PW. Growth hormone improves growth rate and preserves renal function in Dent disease. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2008; 21:279-86. [PMID: 18540256 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2008.21.3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dent disease, an X-linked recessive renal tubular disease, results from loss-of-function mutations in the CLCN5 chloride channel gene. The effects of Dent disease on growth have not been described. We report siblings who presented with proteinuria, calciuria, and phosphaturia and growth failure who responded to growth hormone (GH) treatment. Genotyping revealed a novel c.2179delG frameshift mutation at codon 727, exon 12 of the CLCNS gene. Two years after initial presentation, linear growth had slowed, and evaluation revealed isolated GH deficiency. GH therapy resulted in more than two-fold increases in height velocity and serum IGF-I levels. There was no net change in estimated glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria or calciuria in response to GH therapy, but there was a delayed improvement in phosphaturia. These cases provide insight into the effects of GH on growth and renal function in Dent disease. Furthermore, we have reported a novel CLCN5 mutation.
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