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Sabapaty A, Salimi-Jazi F, Abrajano C, Yousefi R, Garza D, Dalusag KS, Hui T, Su W, Mueller C, Fuchs J, Chiu B. Comorbidities are not associated with pain symptom or recurrence in patients with pilonidal disease. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:66. [PMID: 38436736 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbidities can potentially impact the presentation or outcome of patients with pilonidal disease (PD) due to poor wound healing or increased inflammatory response. We hypothesized that certain comorbidities could lead to worse pain or higher recurrence rate. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on all PD patients treated with standardized minimally invasive protocol at our clinic 2019-2022. Patients' demographics, comorbidities, initial/follow-up pain score, pain duration, and recurrence were recorded. Data were analyzed by t test and Chi-square test. RESULTS Of 207 total PD patients (108 male, 99 female), 61 had comorbidities. Mean age was 18.2 years. The recurrence rate was 7%, and patients with recurrence were significantly younger. Associated comorbidities included mood/psychiatric disorders (31%), asthma/respiratory illness (30%), obesity-related illness (15%), gastrointestinal disorders (13%), diabetes (10%), thyroid disease (8%), cardiac disease (8%), musculoskeletal/connective tissue disorders (7%), immunologic disease (7%), inflammatory bowel disease (5%), and chest wall disorders (3%). The presence of comorbidities was not associated with PD recurrence. By dividing patients into adolescents (< 18 years) and adults (≥ 18 years), we found no association between comorbidity and recurrence in either group. 55% of patients had pain as an initial symptom. The initial pain score, pain duration, and pain score at follow-up were not associated with comorbidities. The comorbidities and recurrence were not associated with patient age or sex. CONCLUSIONS Having comorbidities was not associated with pain symptoms or recurrence in PD patients. Even though patients with recurrence were younger, there was no association between comorbidity and recurrence in either adolescents or adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Sabapaty
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fereshteh Salimi-Jazi
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Claire Abrajano
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Razie Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 301 University Boulevard Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch, 108 Basic Science Building, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Deanna Garza
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Kyla Santos Dalusag
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Thomas Hui
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Wendy Su
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Claudia Mueller
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Julie Fuchs
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Bill Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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Wang J, Gao Q, Feng X, Chen Y. Role of hydrocolloid dressing in preventing face pressure ulcers from non-invasive ventilation and facilitating postoperative wound healing in maxillofacial surgery: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14780. [PMID: 38385780 PMCID: PMC10883250 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Facial pressure ulcers from non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and challenges in wound healing post-maxillofacial surgery are significant concerns in clinical care. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressings in these contexts. From a pool of 1135 articles, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Hydrocolloid dressings demonstrated a significant reduction in facial pressure ulcers for NIV patients, with lower REEDA scores 1-week postapplication (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -16.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -24.26 to -9.15, p < 0.01). In maxillofacial surgery, patients treated with hydrocolloid dressings exhibited improved wound healing and reduced scar formation, evidenced by lower Manchester Scar Scale scores 3 months post-surgery (SMD = -15.46, 95% CI: -20.28 to -10.64, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that hydrocolloid dressings are effective in both preventing NIV-related facial pressure ulcers and enhancing wound healing in maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Wang
- Postanesthesia Care Unit, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Medicine College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Center of Word, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Medicine College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolan Feng
- Postanesthesia Care Unit, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Medicine College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Medicine College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Ousey K, Rippon MG, Rogers AA, Totty JP. Considerations for an ideal post-surgical wound dressing aligned with antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a scoping review. J Wound Care 2023; 32:334-347. [PMID: 37300859 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2023.32.6.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most surgical wounds heal by primary or secondary intention. Surgical wounds can present specific and unique challenges including wound dehiscence and surgical site infection (SSI), either of which can increase risk of morbidity and mortality. The use of antimicrobials to treat infection in these wounds is prevalent, but there is now an imperative to align treatment with reducing antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). The aim of this review was to explore the published evidence identifying general considerations/criteria for an ideal post-surgical wound dressing in terms of overcoming potential wound healing challenges (including infection) while supporting AMS objectives. METHOD A scoping review examining evidence published from 1954-2021, conducted by two authors acting independently. Results were synthesised narratively and have been reported in line with PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. RESULTS A total of 819 articles were initially identified and subsequently filtered to 178 for inclusion in the assessment. The search highlighted six key outcomes of interest associated with post-surgical wound dressings: wound infection; wound healing; physical attributes related to comfort, conformability and flexibility; fluid handling (e.g., blood and exudate); pain; and skin damage. CONCLUSION There are several challenges that can be overcome when treating a post-surgical wound with a dressing, not least the prevention and treatment of SSIs. However, it is imperative that the use of antimicrobial wound dressings is aligned with AMS programmes and alternatives to active antimicrobials investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ousey
- Professor Skin Integrity, Director for the Institute of Skin Integrity, and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, UK
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Adjunct Professor, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health at the Queensland University of Technology, Australia
- Visiting Professor, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Ireland
- Chair, International Wound Infection Institute UK
- President Elect, International Skin Tear Advisory Panel, US
| | - Mark G Rippon
- Visiting Clinical Research Associate, Huddersfield University, Huddersfield, UK
- Consultant, Dane River Consultancy Ltd, Cheshire, UK
| | - Alan A Rogers
- Independent Wound Care Consultant, Flintshire, North Wales, UK
| | - Joshua P Totty
- NIHR Clinical Lecturer in Plastic Surgery, Hull York Medical School, UK
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Tajalli S, Hamzekhani M, Farzi F, Abu-Es'haghi MS, Imani A. Successful topical treatment of a gunshot wound: A case report. Trauma Case Rep 2023; 44:100787. [PMID: 36851909 PMCID: PMC9958503 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2023.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gunshot wound leads to deep soft tissue damages known as penetrating trauma. Wound healing in patient with the gunshot is a dynamic and complex process that requires a suitable approach to promote the healing process. The reason for this is that such wounds are usually deep and extensive. Modern wound dressing in perforated wounds without a fracture or neurovascular injury may be considered for wound healing of outpatients. We report on an 18-year-old girl patient with gunshot wound who was referred to the wound clinic. The symptoms of wound dehiscence in the periumbilical site were observed following to lose suture after primary surgery. Therefore, a new special dressing approach was adopted. Healing of periumbilical wound was successfully achieved at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleheh Tajalli
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazlome Hamzekhani
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Faezeh Farzi
- Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Asad Imani
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Nguyen HM, Ngoc Le TT, Nguyen AT, Thien Le HN, Pham TT. Biomedical materials for wound dressing: recent advances and applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5509-5528. [PMID: 36793301 PMCID: PMC9924226 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07673j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is vital to maintain the physiological functions of the skin. The most common treatment is the use of a dressing to cover the wound and reduce infection risk and the rate of secondary injuries. Modern wound dressings have been the top priority choice for healing various types of wounds owing to their outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition, they also maintain temperature and a moist environment, aid in pain relief, and improve hypoxic environments to stimulate wound healing. Due to the different types of wounds, as well as the variety of advanced wound dressing products, this review will provide information on the clinical characteristics of the wound, the properties of common modern dressings, and the in vitro, in vivo as well as the clinical trials on their effectiveness. The most popular types commonly used in producing modern dressings are hydrogels, hydrocolloids, alginates, foams, and films. In addition, the review also presents the polymer materials for dressing applications as well as the trend of developing these current modern dressings to maximize their function and create ideal dressings. The last is the discussion about dressing selection in wound treatment and an estimate of the current development tendency of new materials for wound healing dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Minh Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tam Thi Ngoc Le
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - An Thanh Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Han Nguyen Thien Le
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Thi Tan Pham
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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Zhao J, Ruan Z, Zhao J, Yang Y, Xiao S, Ji H. Study on the timing of first dressing change with alginate dressing application in PICC placement among tumor patients. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:2013-2020. [PMID: 36647964 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_941_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore how the timing of the initial dressing change influences bacterial growth when alginate dressings were used after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line insertion in tumor patients. Methods In total, 186 tumor patients who had an alginate dressing after PICC insertion were randomly divided into a control group, observation group one (OG1), and observation group two (OG2). The control group had their first dressing change 48 h after PICC insertion, while OG1 was after 72 h and OG2 was after 96 h after. Samples were taken at the dressing change from the insertion site and surrounding skin. The results of the bacterial culture were compared to investigate how the timing of the first dressing change affected catheter infection. Results Of the 186 patients, 29 had a positive bacterial culture. Of these, 10 were in the control group, 9 were in OG1, and 10 were in OG2. IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 was adopted to analyze the correlation between the timing of the first dressing change and insertion site infection. No statistical significance between the timing of the first dressing change and insertion site infections was found (P > 0.05). Conclusions The condition of each tumor patient should be comprehensively evaluated after PICC placement to determine when the first dressing change should occur, but it can likely be extended to 96 h after insertion to promote wound healing, reduce clinical workload, and lower patient economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Zhao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University; Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Ruan
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Junyan Zhao
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuping Xiao
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Ji
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University; Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Herrod PJ, Doleman B, Hardy EJ, Hardy P, Maloney T, Williams JP, Lund JN. Dressings and topical agents for the management of open wounds after surgical treatment for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022; 5:CD013439. [PMID: 35593897 PMCID: PMC9121912 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013439.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease is a common debilitating condition that predominantly affects young adults, with a profound impact on their activities of daily living. The condition is treated surgically, and in some cases the wound in the natal cleft is left open to heal by itself. Many dressings and topical agents are available to aid healing of these wounds. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of dressings and topical agents for the management of open wounds following surgical treatment for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus in any care setting. SEARCH METHODS In March 2021, we searched the Cochrane Wounds Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and EBSCO CINAHL Plus. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and we scanned reference lists of included studies, reviews, meta-analyses and health technology reports to identify additional studies. There were no restrictions with respect to language, date of publication or study setting. SELECTION CRITERIA We included parallel-group randomised controlled trials (RCTs) only. We included studies with participants who had undergone any type of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease surgery and were left with an open wound. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS We included 11 RCTs comprising 932 participants. Two studies compared topical negative pressure wound therapy (TNPWT) with conventional open wound healing, two studies compared platelet-rich plasma with sterile absorbent gauze, and the other seven studies compared various dressings and topical agents. All studies were at high risk of bias in at least one domain, whilst one study was judged to be at low risk of bias in all but one domain. All studies were conducted in secondary care. Mean participant ages were between 20 and 30 years, and nearly 80% of participants were male. No studies provided data on quality of life, cost-effectiveness, pain at first dressing change or proportion of wounds healed at 6 or 12 months, and very few adverse effects were recorded in any study. It is unclear whether TNPWT reduces time to wound healing compared with conventional open wound healing (comparison 1), as the certainty of evidence is very low. The two studies provided conflicting results, with one study showing benefit (mean difference (MD) -24.01 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) -35.65 to -12.37; 19 participants), whilst the other reported no difference. It is also unclear whether TNPWT has any effect on the proportion of wounds healed by 30 days (risk ratio (RR) 3.60, 95% CI 0.49 to 26.54; 19 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). Limited data were available for our secondary outcomes time to return to normal daily activities and recurrence rate; we do not know whether TNPWT has any effect on these outcomes. Lietofix cream may increase the proportion of wounds that heal by 30 days compared with an iodine dressing (comparison 4; RR 8.06, 95% CI 1.05 to 61.68; 205 participants, 1 study; low-certainty evidence). The study did not provide data on time to wound healing. We do not know whether hydrogel dressings reduce time to wound healing compared with wound cleaning with 10% povidone iodine (comparison 5; MD -24.54 days, 95% CI -47.72 to -1.36; 31 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). The study did not provide data on the proportion of wounds healed. It is unclear whether hydrogel dressings have any effect on adverse effects as the certainty of the evidence is very low. Platelet-rich plasma may reduce time to wound healing compared with sterile absorbent gauze (comparison 6; MD -19.63 days, 95% CI -34.69 to -4.57; 210 participants, 2 studies; low-certainty evidence). No studies provided data on the proportion of wounds healed. Platelet-rich plasma may reduce time to return to normal daily activities (MD -15.49, 95% CI -28.95 to -2.02; 210 participants, 2 studies; low-certainty evidence). Zinc oxide mesh may make little or no difference to time to wound healing compared with placebo (comparison 2; median 54 days in the zinc oxide mesh group versus 62 days in the placebo mesh group; low-certainty evidence). We do not know whether zinc oxide mesh has an effect on the proportion of wounds healed by 30 days as the certainty of the evidence is very low (RR 2.35, 95% CI 0.49 to 11.23). It is unclear whether gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge reduces time to wound healing compared with no dressing (comparison 7; MD -1.40 days, 95% CI -5.05 to 2.25; 50 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). The study did not provide data on the proportion of wounds healed. Dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC)-coated dressings may make little or no difference to time to wound healing compared with alginate dressings (comparison 8; median 69 (95% CI 62 to 72) days in the DACC group versus 71 (95% CI 69 to 85) days in the alginate group; 1 study, 246 participants; low-certainty evidence). One study compared a polyurethane foam hydrophilic dressing with an alginate dressing (comparison 3) whilst another study compared a hydrocolloid dressing with an iodine dressing (comparison 9). It is unclear whether either intervention has any effect on time to wound healing as the certainty of evidence is very low. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS At present, the evidence that any of the dressings or topical agents contained in this review have a benefit on time to wound healing, the proportion of wounds that heal at a specific time point or on any of the secondary outcomes of our review ranges from low certainty to very low certainty. There is low-certainty evidence on the benefit on wound healing of platelet-rich plasma from two studies and of Lietofix cream and hydrogel dressings from single studies. Further studies are required to investigate these interventions further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett Doleman
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | | | - Paul Hardy
- Department of Tissue Viability, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - Trevor Maloney
- Department of Tissue Viability, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Jon N Lund
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
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Scientific and Clinical Abstracts From WOCNext® 2022: Fort Worth, Texas ♦ June 5-8, 2022. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2022; 49:S1-S99. [PMID: 35639023 DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Mamaloudis I, Perivoliotis K, Zlatanos C, Baloyiannis I, Spyridakis M, Kouvata E, Samara AA, Christodoulidis G, Tepetes K. The role of alginate dressings in wound healing and quality of life after pilonidal sinus resection: A randomised controlled trial. Int Wound J 2022; 19:1528-1538. [PMID: 35043571 PMCID: PMC9493221 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this trial, we evaluated the role of alginate dressings in the secondary intention wound healing and quality of life (QoL) after pilonidal sinus resection. The study was designed as a prospective randomised controlled trial (RCT). In the experimental group, alginate dressings with silver and high‐G cellulose were introduced after elective pilonidal cyst excision, whereas in the control group, simple gauges were used. The primary end point was the difference in terms of the wound healing period. Blinding existed at the level of the investigator. Overall, 65 patients were included during the study period. Wound healing duration was comparable between the two groups (P = .381). No difference in postoperative pain scores or recovery outcomes was found. The experimental group was associated with reduced wound secretions at specific time end points. Similarly, no effect was identified, on overall Wound‐QoL or SF‐36 scores. Alginate dressings do not accelerate wound healing or improve QoL. Due to suboptimal sample size and several study limitations, further RCTs are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christos Zlatanos
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Evangelia Kouvata
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina A Samara
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
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Consensus statement of the Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR): management and treatment of pilonidal disease. Tech Coloproctol 2021; 25:1269-1280. [PMID: 34176001 PMCID: PMC8580911 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pilonidal disease (PD) is a relatively common, benign but challenging condition of the natal cleft. This consensus statement was drawn up by a panel of surgeons, identified by the Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR) as having a “special interest” in PD, with the aim of recommending the best therapeutic options according to currently available scientific evidence. A three-step modified-Delphi process was adopted, implying: (1) choice of the panelists; (2) development of a discussion outline and of target issues; and (3) a detailed systematic review of the current literature. The agreement/disagreement level was scored on a five-point Likert scale as follows: “A + : strongly agree; A–: agree; N: unsure/no opinion; D–: disagree; D + : strongly disagree. Each panelist contributed to the production of this manuscript, and the final recommendations were reviewed by the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee.
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