In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition and G1 arrest in human cancer cell lines by diaminophenyladamantane derivatives

Novel 1-(2-aryl-2-adamantyl)piperazine derivatives with antiproliferative activity

Novel 1-(2-aryl-2-adamantyl)piperazine derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their antitumor properties against HeLa cervical carcinoma, MDA MB 231 breast cancer, MIA PaCa2 pancreatic cancer, and NCI H1975 non-small cell lung cancer. The parent piperazine 6 was found to exhibit a reasonable activity toward the HeLa and MDA MB 231 tumor cell lines (IC50= 9.2 and 8.4 μΜ, respectively). Concurrent benzene ring C4-fluorination and piperidine acetylation of the piperazino NH of compound 6 resulted in the most active compound 13 of the series in both of the above cell lines (IC50=8.4 and 6.8 μΜ, respectively). Noticeably, compounds 6 and 13 exhibited a significantly low cytotoxicity level over the normal human cells HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) and NHDF (Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts).

In vitro biological efficiency of tenocyclidine – TCP and its adamantane derivative TAMORF

Tenocyclidine-TCP showing a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity including antidotal effect in organophosphorus compounds poisoning, radioprotective and anticancer effects. We investigated in vitro interactions of TCP and its adamantane derivative--TAMORF with human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Moreover, their genotoxicity and radioprotective activity on human white blood cells were studied using the alkaline comet assay, viability testing and the analysis of the structural chromosome aberrations. The tested compounds were found to be weak inhibitors of AChE, for TCP IC(50)=1 x 10(-5)M and for TAMORF IC(50)>1 x 10(-3)M, without reactivating and protective effects on AChE inhibited by soman. Results suggest that TCP modified by the replacement of the cyclohexyl ring with an adamantly ring and piperidine with morpholine group (TAMORF) have lower toxicity. Both compounds possess low cytotoxicity and radioprotective activity, but TAMORF also shows cell growth inhibitory effects. To clarify differences in their biological efficiency observed in vitro and in vivo, additional analyses are necessary. Since TAMORF was found to significantly inhibit cell growth and proliferation in vitro, it is reasonably to consider it as a source molecule promising for further modifications and development of more potent substances with antitumor properties rather then radioprotector or antidote in organophosphorus poisoning.

Syntheses and characterization of phthalonitriles and phthalocyanines substituted with adamantane moieties

The reaction of 3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophthalonitrile with 1-adamantanol, 1-adamantylamine, 1-adamantanemethanol, and 1-adamantaneethanol gave 4,5-di-(1-adamantyloxy)-3,6-difluorophthalonitrile, 4,5-di-(1-adamantylamino)-3,6-difluorophthalonitrile, 4-(1-adamantylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorophthalonitrile, 3,4,5,6-tetra-(1-adamantylmethoxy)phthalonitrile, and 3,4,5,6-tetra-(1-adamantylethoxy)phthalonitrile, respectively. The conversion of these tetrasubstituted phthalonitriles to magnesium, nickel, and metal-free phthalocyanines was demonstrated. These highly hindered phthalocyanines exhibited interesting red shifts in their UV–vis spectra.Key words: highly hindered adamantane phthalocyanines, adamantylphthalonitriles.