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Mokhtari F, Modaresi J, Bagheri A. Effect of blood contamination on marginal adaptation of cold ceramic and MTA angelus: a scanning electron microscopic study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:706. [PMID: 37777724 PMCID: PMC10543877 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the effect of blood contamination on marginal adaptation of cold ceramic (CC) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). METHODS This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 24 extracted single-rooted human teeth. After cleaning and shaping, the root canals were filled with lateral compaction technique. The apical 3 mm of the roots was cut, and cavities with 3 mm depth were created at the apex. The teeth were randomly assigned to two group (n = 12) for the application of CC and MTA Angelus as retrograde filling materials. CC and MTA Angelus were prepared by mixing the powder with blood, and applied in the cavities. After 24 h, their marginal adaptation to the canal walls was assessed by SEM. Data were statistically analyzed by t-test (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS The mean marginal gap was 8.98 μm in the CC, and 16.26 μm in the MTA Angelus group; this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present in vitro study revealed that following complete blood contamination of powder, CC showed significantly superior marginal adaptation than MTA Angelus as shown by SEM assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- School of Dentistry, Imam Reza Street, Yazd, 8914815667 Iran
| | - Jalil Modaresi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- School of Dentistry, Imam Reza Street, Yazd, 8914815667 Iran
| | - Abbas Bagheri
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- School of Dentistry, Imam Reza Street, Yazd, 8914815667 Iran
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Falkowska J, Chady T, Dura W, Droździk A, Tomasik M, Marek E, Safranow K, Lipski M. The Washout Resistance of Bioactive Root-End Filling Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5757. [PMID: 37687450 PMCID: PMC10488592 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast-setting bioactive cements were developed for the convenience of retrograde fillings during endodontic microsurgery. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation on the washout of relatively fast-setting materials (Biodentine, EndoCem Zr, and MTA HP) in comparison with MTA Angelus White and IRM in an apicectomy model. Washout resistance was assessed using artificial root ends. A total of 150 samples (30 for each material) were tested. All samples were photographed using a microscope, and half of them were also scanned. The samples were irrigated and immersed in saline for 15 min. Then the models were evaluated. Rinsing and immersing the samples immediately after root-end filling and after 3 min did not disintegrate the fillings made of all tested materials except Biodentine. Root-end fillings made of Biodentine suffered significant damage both when rinsing was performed immediately and 3 min after the filling. Quantitative assessment of washed material resulted in a slight loss of IRM, EndoCem MTA Zr, and MTA HP. MTA Angelus White showed a slightly greater washout. Rinsing and immersion of Biodentine restorations resulted in their significant destruction. Under the conditions of the current study, the evaluated materials, excluding Biodentine, showed good or relatively good washout resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Falkowska
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Tomasz Chady
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Sikorsky 37 St., 70-313 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Włodzimierz Dura
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Droździk
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Małgorzata Tomasik
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Ewa Marek
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Lipski
- Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstanców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (W.D.); (E.M.)
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Li H, Guo Z, Li C, Ma X, Wang Y, Zhou X, Johnson TM, Huang D. Materials for retrograde filling in root canal therapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 10:CD005517. [PMID: 34647617 PMCID: PMC8515509 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005517.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root canal therapy is a sequence of treatments involving root canal cleaning, shaping, decontamination, and obturation. It is conventionally performed through a hole drilled into the crown of the affected tooth, namely orthograde root canal therapy. When it fails, retrograde filling, which seals the root canal from the root apex, is a good alternative. Many materials are used for retrograde filling. Since none meets all the criteria an ideal material should possess, selecting the most efficacious material is of utmost importance. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2016. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of different materials used for retrograde filling in children and adults for whom retrograde filling is necessary in order to save the tooth. SEARCH METHODS An Information Specialist searched five bibliographic databases up to 21 April 2021 and used additional search methods to identify published, unpublished, and ongoing studies. We also searched four databases in the Chinese language. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared different retrograde filling materials, with the reported success rate that was assessed by clinical or radiological methods for which the follow-up period was at least 12 months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Records were screened in duplicate by independent screeners. Two review authors extracted data independently and in duplicate. Original trial authors were contacted for any missing information. Two review authors independently assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. We followed Cochrane's statistical guidelines and assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included eight studies, all at high risk of bias, involving 1399 participants with 1471 teeth, published between 1995 and 2019, and six comparisons of retrograde filling materials. - Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) versus intermediate restorative material (IRM): there may be little to no effect of MTA compared to IRM on success rate at one year, but the evidence is very uncertain (risk ratio (RR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97 to 1.22; I2 = 0%; 2 studies; 222 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). - MTA versus super ethoxybenzoic acid (Super-EBA): there may be little to no effect of MTA compared to Super-EBA on success rate at one year, but the evidence is very uncertain (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.10; 1 study; 192 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). - Super-EBA versus IRM: the evidence is very uncertain about the effect of Super-EBA compared with IRM on success rate at 1 year, with results indicating Super-EBA may reduce or have no effect on success rate (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.01; 1 study; 194 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). - Dentine-bonded resin composite versus glass ionomer cement: compared to glass ionomer cement, dentine-bonded resin composite may increase the success rate of the treatment at 1 year, but the evidence is very uncertain (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.59; 1 study; 122 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). Same result was obtained when considering the root as unit of analysis at one year (RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.09; 1 study; 127 roots; very low-certainty evidence). - Glass ionomer cement versus amalgam: the evidence is very uncertain about the effect of glass ionomer cement compared with amalgam on success rate at one year, with results indicating glass ionomer cement may reduce or have no effect on success rate (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.12; 1 study; 105 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). - MTA versus root repair material (RRM): there may be little to no effect of MTA compared to RRM on success rate at one year, but the evidence is very uncertain (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.07; I2 = 0%; 2 studies; 278 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). Adverse events were not assessed by any of the included studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the present limited evidence, there is insufficient evidence to draw any conclusion as to the benefits of any one material over another for retrograde filling in root canal therapy. We conclude that more high-quality RCTs are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- Department of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endodontics, Mianyang Hospital of TCM, Mianyang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Trevor M Johnson
- Faculty of General Dental Practice (UK), RCS England, London, UK
| | - Dingming Huang
- Department of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Uncertain Decision-Making in Primary Root Canal Treatment. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2017; 17:205-215. [PMID: 28865817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A systematic review of literature was conducted to compare the success and survivability of primary root canal interventions. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses protocol was adopted in this study to systematically assess and report systematic reviews related to success or survival or failure rates of primary root canal interventions. MEDLINE and Cochrane Oral Health Library were both searched by using specific search terms to identify relevant literature, until June 2016. The search was augmented by handsearching. Then, the quality of the included systematic reviews was assessed by using the Revised Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (RAMSTAR) protocol. RESULTS Only 9 systematic reviews were identified. The RAMSTAR scores of the included reviews ranged from 43/44 to 29/44. Nevertheless, the later reviews did not provide sufficient evidence or statistically significant evidence to support any of the interventions used during primary root canal treatment. In addition, a number of key steps during primary root canal treatment, such as types of dental files, root canal instrumentation techniques, orthograde obturation materials, and techniques, were not assessed by systematic reviews. CONCLUSION The current status of evidence related to the success and survivability of primary root canal interventions is lacking. This puts dentists under marked degrees of uncertainty. Consequently, patients are potentially exposed to health care risks. It is then essential to develop tailored methods and tools for decision-making under uncertainty to aid both dentists and patients engaged in primary root canal treatment.
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Godiny M, Hatam R, Khavid A, Khanlari S. Apical Microleakage in Root Canals Containing Broken Rotary Instruments. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2017; 12:360-365. [PMID: 28808466 PMCID: PMC5527215 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v12i3.16656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Broken instruments in root canals complicate routine endodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare apical microleakage in root canals containing broken rotary instruments filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, laterally compacted gutta-percha and injected gutta-percha. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this in vitro, experimental study, 80 extracted human premolars were decoronated and then the roots were randomly divided into four groups (n=20). Root canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary files. The files were scratched 3 mm from the tip by a high speed handpiece and they were intentionally broken in the apical third of the canals. The middle and coronal thirds of the canals were then filled with MTA, CEM cement, gutta-percha with lateral compaction technique and injected gutta-percha. Apical microleakage was measured using dye penetration method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS Root canals filled with CEM cement showed the lowest and those filled with injected gutta-percha showed the highest microleakage according to dye penetration depth. No significant difference was noted between the microleakage of CEM cement and MTA or between lateral compaction of gutta-percha and injected gutta-percha (P>0.05). However, CEM cement and MTA groups had significantly lower microleakage than laterally compacted and injected gutta-percha groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Due to their superior sealing ability, MTA and CEM cement are suitable for filling of root canals containing a broken instrument compared to laterally compacted and injected gutta-percha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Godiny
- Endodontics Department, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Hatam
- Endodontics Department, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Atefeh Khavid
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahryar Khanlari
- Student Research Committee, Dental School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ma X, Li C, Jia L, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhou X, Johnson TM, Huang D. Materials for retrograde filling in root canal therapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 12:CD005517. [PMID: 27991646 PMCID: PMC6463971 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005517.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root canal therapy is a sequence of treatments involving root canal cleaning, shaping, decontamination and obturation. It is conventionally performed through a hole drilled into the crown of the affected tooth, namely orthograde root canal therapy. For teeth that cannot be treated with orthograde root canal therapy, or for which it has failed, retrograde root filling, which seals the root canal from the root apex, is a good alternative. Many materials, such as amalgam, zinc oxide eugenol and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), are generally used. Since none meets all the criteria an ideal material should possess, selecting the most efficacious material is of utmost importance. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of different materials used for retrograde filling in children and adults for whom retrograde filling is necessary in order to save the tooth. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 13 September 2016); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2016, Issue 8) in the Cochrane Library (searched 13 September 2016); MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 13 September 2016); Embase Ovid (1980 to 13 September 2016); LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (1982 to 13 September 2016); and OpenSIGLE (1980 to 2005). ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. We also searched Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (in Chinese, 1978 to 20 September 2016); VIP (in Chinese, 1989 to 20 September 2016); China National Knowledge Infrastructure (in Chinese, 1994 to 20 September 2016); and Sciencepaper Online (in Chinese, to 20 September 2016). No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) only that compared different retrograde filling materials, with reported success rate that was assessed by clinical or radiological methods for which the follow-up period was at least 12 months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors extracted data independently and in duplicate. Original trial authors were contacted for any missing information. Two review authors independently carried out risk of bias assessments for each eligible study following Cochrane methodological guidelines. MAIN RESULTS We included six studies (916 participants with 988 teeth) reported in English. All the studies had high risk of bias. The six studies examined five different comparisons, including MTA versus intermediate restorative material (IRM), MTA versus super ethoxybenzoic acid cement (Super-EBA), Super-EBA versus IRM, dentine-bonded resin composite versus glass ionomer cement and glass ionomer cement versus amalgam. There was therefore little pooling of data and very little evidence for each comparison.There is weak evidence of little or no difference between MTA and IRM at the first year of follow-up (risk ratio (RR) 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97 to 1.22; 222 teeth; quality of evidence: low). Insufficient evidence of a difference between MTA and IRM on success rate at the second year of follow-up (RR 1.06; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.25; 86 teeth, 86 participants; quality of evidence: very low). All the other outcomes were based on a single study. There is insufficient evidence of any difference between MTA and Super-EBA at the one-year follow-up (RR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.10; 192 teeth, 192 participants; quality of evidence: very low), and only weak evidence indicating there might be a small increase in success rate at the one-year follow-up in favour of IRM compared to Super-EBA (RR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.01; 194 teeth; quality of evidence: very low). There was also insufficient and weak evidence to show that dentine-bonded resin composite might be a better choice for increasing retrograde filling success rate compared to glass ionomer cement at the one-year follow-up (RR 2.39; 95% CI: 1.60 to 3.59; 122 teeth, 122 participants; quality of evidence: very low). And there was insufficient evidence of a difference between glass ionomer cement and amalgam at both the one-year (RR 0.98; 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.12; 105 teeth; quality of evidence: very low) and five-year follow-ups (RR 1.00; 95% CI: 0.84 to 1.20; 82 teeth; quality of evidence: very low).None of these studies reported an adverse event. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the present limited evidence, there is insufficient evidence to draw any conclusion as to the benefits of any one material over another. We conclude that more high-quality RCTs are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ma
- Mianyang Hospital of TCMDepartment of EndodonticsFucheng RoadMianyangSichuanChina621000
- West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section 3, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Head and Neck OncologyNo. 14, Section Three, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Liuhe Jia
- West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section 3, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
- Beijing Jishuitan HospitalDepartment of DentistryNo 31, Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng DistrictBeijingChina100035
| | - Yan Wang
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section 3, Renmin South RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Wenwen Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking UniversityDepartment of VIP Dental Service & Geriatric DentistryBeijingChina
- West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Oral Implantology, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section Three, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section 3, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Trevor M Johnson
- RCS EnglandFaculty of General Dental Practice (UK)35‐43 Lincoln's Inn FieldsLondonUKWC2A 3PE
| | - Dingming Huang
- West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNo. 14, Section 3, Ren Min Nan RoadChengduSichuanChina610041
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Yaylali IE, Alaçam T. Critical Assessment of Search Strategies in Systematic Reviews in Endodontics. J Endod 2016; 42:854-60. [PMID: 27071976 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to perform an overview of literature search strategies in systematic reviews (SRs) published in 2 endodontic journals, Journal of Endodontics and International Endodontic Journal. METHODS A search was done by using the MEDLINE (PubMed interface) database to retrieve the articles published between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2015. The last search was on January 10, 2016. All the SRs published in the 2 journals were retrieved and screened. Eligible SRs were assessed by using 11 questions about search strategies in the SRs that were adapted from 2 guidelines (ie, AMSTAR checklist and the Cochrane Handbook). RESULTS A total of 83 SRs were retrieved by electronic search. Of these, 55 were from the Journal of Endodontics, and 28 were from the International Endodontic Journal. After screening, 2 SRs were excluded, and 81 SRs were included in the study. Some issues, such as search of grey literature and contact with study authors, were not fully reported (30% and 25%, respectively). On the other hand, some issues, such as the use of index terms and key words and search in at least 2 databases, were reported in most of the SRs (97% and 95%, respectively). The overall quality of the search strategy in both journals was 61%. No significant difference was found between the 2 journals in terms of evaluation criteria (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS There exist areas for improving the quality of reporting of search strategies in SRs; for example, grey literature should be searched for unpublished studies, no language limitation should be applied to databases, and authors should make an attempt to contact the authors of included studies to obtain further relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayfun Alaçam
- Department of Endodontics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Rahimi S, Asgary S, Samiei M, Bahari M, Vahid Pakdel SM, Mahmoudi R. The Effect of Thickness on the Sealing Ability of CEM Cement as a Root-end Filling Material. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:6-10. [PMID: 25973147 PMCID: PMC4417497 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Different materials have been used for root-end filling during surgical endodontic treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the dye penetration in different thicknesses of calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement as root-end filling material. Materials and methods. Following root canal filling in 70 extracted human single-rooted premolar teeth, the apical 3 mm of their root-ends was resected; the root-end cavities with depths of 1, 2 and 3 mm were prepared by ultrasonic retrotips and filled with CEM cement. After setting of cement, the roots were immersed in 2% Rhodamine B and the dye leakage was measured under stereomicroscope (×16) using Image J software. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests at 5% significance level. Results. The means and standard deviations of dye penetration in the 1, 2, and 3 mm groups were 3395.5±1893.4, 3410.4±1440.5, and 2581.6±1852.9 μm, respectively. The one-way ANOVA analysis indicated significant differences (P < 0.001); however, the Bonferroni post hoc test revealed that only the positive control group differed significantly from the experimental groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion. The findings demonstrated CEM cement to have an adequate root-end sealing ability in 3-mm thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Rahimi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Asgary
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Dental Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samiei
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Assistant professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Bahari
- Assistant professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mahdi Vahid Pakdel
- Post-graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are biocompatible and have capacities to release fluoride and to bond to dentine, and thus are appropriate for use in endodontics. This paper reviews the composition and properties of different GICs, including their biocompatibility and antibacterial activity, their applications as intraorifice barriers and root canal sealers, and their use in the repair of root perforations, root-end fillings and temporary coronal restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Mohammadi
- Department of Endodontics, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.
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Trichaiyapon V, Torrungruang K, Panitvisai P. Cytotoxicity of flowable resin composite on cultured human periodontal ligament cells compared with mineral trioxide aggregate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 3:215-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2012.00125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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IMAMURA Y, TANAKA Y, NAGAI A, YAMASHITA K, TAKAGI Y. Self-sealing ability of OCP-mediated cement as a deciduous root canal filling materia. Dent Mater J 2010; 29:582-8. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2010-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Parirokh M. Sealing ability of a novel endodontic cement as a root-end filling material. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 87:706-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Arisu HD, Sadik B, Bala O, Türköz E. Computer-assisted evaluation of microleakage after apical resection with laser and conventional techniques. Lasers Med Sci 2007; 23:415-20. [PMID: 17891550 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-007-0497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to observe the morphological changes and apical dye penetration at apical dentin surfaces after apicoectomy with conventional techniques and laser beam. Sixty single-rooted extracted teeth were selected for the study. The crowns were resected below the cemento-enamel junction. Then, these teeth were treated endodontically and filled with gutta-percha using AH-26 root canal sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth in each. The roots were resected perpendicular to its long axis 3 mm from the apex using Er: yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG) laser irradiation in groups 1 and 2, and the resected root surfaces were lased with Nd:YAG laser in group 2. The apexes were resected by a high-speed handpiece in groups 3 and 4, and the resected root surfaces were lased with Nd:YAG laser in group 4. Ten teeth in each group were used for leakage studies, and the other five teeth were used for scanning electron microscopic examinations. Seven sections were obtained from each root to assess the microleakage, and the sections were analyzed in a computer-assisted manner. No statistically significant differences were observed between the leakage percentage of groups 1 and 3 and groups 2 and 4 (p>0.05). Morphological differences were observed between apical dentin surfaces resected with conventional techniques and laser beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Deniz Arisu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gazi University, 8. Cad 82. Sok Emek, 06510 Ankara, Turkey.
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Nekoofar MH, Adusei G, Sheykhrezae MS, Hayes SJ, Bryant ST, Dummer PMH. The effect of condensation pressure on selected physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2007; 40:453-61. [PMID: 17459121 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effect of condensation pressure on surface hardness, microstructure and compressive strength of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODOLOGY White ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN, USA) was mixed and packed into cylindrical polycarbonate tubes. Six groups each of 10 specimens were subjected to pressures of 0.06, 0.44, 1.68, 3.22, 4.46 and 8.88 MPa respectively. The surface hardness of each specimen was measured using Vickers microhardness. Cylindrical specimens of 4 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height were prepared in polycarbonate cylindrical moulds for testing the compressive strength. Five groups of 10 specimens were prepared using pressures of 0.06, 0.44, 1.68, 3.22 or 4.46 MPa. Data were subjected to one-way anova. The microstructure was analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) after sectioning specimens with a scalpel. RESULT A trend was observed for higher condensation pressures to produce lower surface hardness values. A condensation pressure of 8.88 MPa produced specimens with significantly lower values in terms of surface hardness than other groups (P<0.001). A condensation pressure of 1.68 MPa conferred the maximum compressive strength; however, it was not statistically different. Higher condensation pressures resulted in fewer voids and microchannels when analysed with SEM. In specimens prepared with lower condensation pressures distinctive crystalline structures were observed. They tended to appear around microchannels. CONCLUSION Condensation pressure may affect the strength and hardness of MTA. Use of controlled condensation pressure in sample preparation for future studies is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Nekoofar
- Endodontology Research Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Malcic A, Jukic S, Brzovic V, Miletic I, Anic I. Leakage of Bovine Serum Albumin in Root Canals Obturated with Super-EBA and IRM. J Endod 2006; 32:368-71. [PMID: 16554215 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2005.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2005] [Revised: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the leakage of SuperEBA and intermediate restorative material (IRM) in root canal samples, with or without orthograde filling, by evaluating bovine serum albumin (BSA) microleakage using spectrophotometry. Thirty-five single-rooted teeth were divided into five groups, instrumented, and had apices resected. Root-end cavities in groups I and II were filled with SuperEBA and IRM. The samples from the groups III, IV, and V were filled with gutta-percha and sealer. In groups IV and V, root-end cavities were filled with SuperEBA and IRM. After 60 days, the greatest microleakage of BSA was observed in group II (4.1 +/- 0.0011 ng), followed by group III (3.4 +/- 0.0064 ng), and then group I (2.6 +/- 0.0019 ng). Samples from groups IV and V leaked the least (0.7 +/- 0.0014 ng). Significantly less leakage (p < 0.05) occurred in samples filled with orthograde and root-end fillings than did in samples filled only with an orthograde approach and the samples with IRM root-end fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Malcic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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CHONG BUNSAN, PITT FORD THOMASR. Root-end filling materials: rationale and tissue response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2005.00164.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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