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Cheng CT, Vyas PS, McClain EJ, Hoelen TCA, Arts JJC, McLaughlin C, Altman DT, Yu AK, Cheng BC. The Osteogenic Peptide P-15 for Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review of the Evidence for a Mechanism of Action. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:599. [PMID: 38927835 PMCID: PMC11200470 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex multicellular process involving the recruitment and attachment of osteoprogenitors and their subsequent differentiation into osteoblasts that deposit extracellular matrixes. There is a growing demand for synthetic bone graft materials that can be used to augment these processes to enhance the healing of bone defects resulting from trauma, disease or surgery. P-15 is a small synthetic peptide that is identical in sequence to the cell-binding domain of type I collagen and has been extensively demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to enhance the adhesion, differentiation and proliferation of stem cells involved in bone formation. These events can be categorized into three phases: attachment, activation and amplification. This narrative review summarizes the large body of preclinical research on P-15 in terms of these phases to describe the mechanism of action by which P-15 improves bone formation. Knowledge of this mechanism of action will help to inform the use of P-15 in clinical practice as well as the development of methods of delivering P-15 that optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper T. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Praveer S. Vyas
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Edward James McClain
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Thomáy-Claire Ayala Hoelen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Jacobus Johannes Chris Arts
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), P.O. Box 616 Maastricht, The Netherlands; (T.-C.A.H.); (J.J.C.A.)
| | - Colin McLaughlin
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
| | - Daniel T. Altman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Alexander K. Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA;
| | - Boyle C. Cheng
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (C.T.C.); (P.S.V.); (C.M.)
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Pabst A, Becker P, Götz W, Heimes D, Thiem DGE, Blatt S, Kämmerer PW. A comparative analysis of particulate bovine bone substitutes for oral regeneration: a narrative review. Int J Implant Dent 2024; 10:26. [PMID: 38801622 PMCID: PMC11130110 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-024-00544-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Particulate bovine bone substitutes (BS) are commonly used in oral regeneration. However, more literature is needed focusing on comparative analyses among various particulate bovine BS. This study evaluates pre-clinical and clinical data of different particulate bovine BS in oral regeneration. METHODS A narrative review was conducted by screening the PubMed database Included in the review were pre-clinical and clinical studies until 2024 comparing a minimum of two distinct particulate bovine BS. In addition to examining general data concerning manufacturing and treatment processes, biological safety, physical and chemical characteristics, and graft resorption, particular emphasis was placed on assessing pre-clinical and clinical data related to ridge preservation, sinus floor elevation, peri-implant defects, and various forms of alveolar ridge augmentation utilizing particulate bovine BS. RESULTS Various treatment temperatures ranging from 300 to 1,250 °C and the employment of chemical cleaning steps were identified for the manufacturing process of particulate bovine BS deemed to possess biosecurity. A notable heterogeneity was observed in the physical and chemical characteristics of particulate bovine BS, with minimal or negligible graft resorption. Variations were evident in particle and pore sizes and the porosity of particulate bovine BS. Pre-clinical assessments noted a marginal inclination towards favorable outcomes for particulate bovine BS subjected to higher treatment temperatures. However, clinical data are insufficient. No distinctions were observed regarding ridge preservation, while slight advantages were noted for high-temperature treated particulate bovine BS in sinus floor elevation. CONCLUSIONS Subtle variances in both pre-clinical and clinical outcomes were observed in across various particulate bovine BS. Due to inadequate data, numerous considerations related to diverse particulate bovine BS, including peri-implant defects, must be more conclusive. Additional clinical studies are imperative to address these knowledge gaps effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pabst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Rübenacherstraße 170, 56072, Koblenz, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Becker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, German Armed Forces Central Hospital, Rübenacherstraße 170, 56072, Koblenz, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Diana Heimes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel G E Thiem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Blatt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Operations, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Qasim SSB, Trajkovski B, Zafiropoulos GG. The response of human osteoblasts on bovine xenografts with and without hyaluronate used in bone augmentation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:880-897. [PMID: 38346177 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2311454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the in vitro study was to asses the effect of hyaluronate in conjunction with bovine derived xenografts on the viability, proliferation on day 4, 7 and 10, expression of early osteogenic differentiation marker Alkaline phosphatase on day 14 and 21, collagen, calcium deposition on day 14, 21 and 28 and cellular characteristics, as assessed through live cell image analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, in primary human osteoblasts compared to three bovine xenografts without hyaluronate. All experiments were performed in triplicates. Data were compared between groups and timepoints using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Bonferroni post hoc test were further used for multiple comparison between groups (p < .05) An increase in cell viability (p < .05) and enhanced ALP activity was observed in all xenografts. Specimens containing hyaluronate showed a highest significant difference (23755 ± 29953, p < .0001). The highest levels of calcium (1.60 ± 0.30) and collagen (1.92 ± 0.09, p < .0001) deposition were also observed with hyaluronate loaded groups. The osteoblasts were well attached and spread on all xenograft groups. However, a higher number of cells were observed with hyaluronate functionalized xenograft (76.27 ± 15.11, (p < .0001) in live cell image analysis and they migrated towards the graft boundaries. The biofunctionalization of xenografts with hyaluronate improves their in vitro performance on human osteoblasts. This suggests that hyaluronate might be able to improve the bone regeneration when using such xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Saad Bin Qasim
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Branko Trajkovski
- Faculty of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Heitzer M, Modabber A, Zhang X, Winnand P, Zhao Q, Bläsius FM, Buhl EM, Wolf M, Neuss S, Hölzle F, Hildebrand F, Greven J. In vitro comparison of the osteogenic capability of human pulp stem cells on alloplastic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic bone scaffolds. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:56. [PMID: 36721114 PMCID: PMC9890824 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rigorous search for alternatives to autogenous bone grafts to avoid invasiveness at the donor site in the treatment of maxillomandibular bone defects. Researchers have used alloplastic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic bone graft substitutes in clinical studies with varying degrees of success, although their in vitro effects on stem cells remain unclear. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can potentially enhance the bone regeneration of bone graft substitutes. The present in vitro study investigates the osteogenic capability of DPSCs on alloplastic (biphasic calcium phosphate [BCP]), allogeneic (freeze-dried bone allografts [FDBAs]), and xenogeneic (deproteinized bovine bone mineral [DBBM]) bone grafts. METHODS Human DPSCs were seeded on 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, and 2 mg/ml of BCP, FDBA, and DBBM to evaluate the optimal cell growth and cytotoxicity. Scaffolds and cell morphologies were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Calcein AM and cytoskeleton staining were performed to determine cell attachment and proliferation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteogenesis-related genes expressions was used to investigate initial osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS Cytotoxicity assays showed that most viable DPSCs were present at a scaffold concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The DPSCs on the DBBM scaffold demonstrated a significantly higher proliferation rate of 214.25 ± 16.17 (p < 0.001) cells, enhancing ALP activity level and upregulating of osteogenesis-related genes compared with other two scaffolds. CONCLUSION DBBP scaffold led to extremely high cell viability, but also promoted proliferation, attachment, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of DPSCs, which hold great potential for bone regeneration treatment; however, further studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Heitzer
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali Modabber
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Winnand
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Qun Zhao
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Marius Bläsius
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany ,grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XHelmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Greven
- grid.412301.50000 0000 8653 1507Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Loenen ACY, Connor J, Johnson S, Davis K, Hannigan N, Barnes T, Arts JJ, van Rietbergen B. Peptide Enhanced Bone Graft Substitute Presents Improved Short-Term Increase in Bone Volume and Construct Stiffness Compared to Iliac Crest Autologous Bone in an Ovine Lumbar Interbody Fusion Model. Global Spine J 2022; 12:1330-1337. [PMID: 33406899 PMCID: PMC9393976 DOI: 10.1177/2192568220979839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Preclinical ovine model. OBJECTIVE To assess the in vivo efficacy and safety of the P-15 L bone graft substitute and compare its performance to autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) for lumbar interbody fusion indications. METHODS Thirty skeletally mature sheep underwent lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Half of the sheep received autologous ICBG and the other half the peptide enhanced bone graft substitute (P-15 L). Following termination at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, the operated segments were analyzed using micro computed tomography (µCT), histology, and destructive mechanical testing. Additional systemic health monitoring was performed for the P-15 L group. RESULTS One month after surgery, there was only minor evidence of bone remodeling and residual graft material could be clearly observed within the cage. There was active bone remodeling between 1 and 3 months after surgery. At 3 months after surgery significantly denser and stiffer bone was found in the P-15 L group, whereas at 6 months, P-15 L and ICBG gave similar fusion results. The P-15 L bone graft substitute did not have any adverse effects on systemic health. CONCLUSIONS The drug device combination P-15 L was demonstrated to be effective and save for lumbar interbody fusion as evidenced by this ovine model. Compared to autologous ICBG, P-15 L seems to expedite bone formation and remodeling but in the longer-term fusion results were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan C. Y. Loenen
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jacobus J. Arts
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Bert van Rietbergen
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands,Bert van Rietbergen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Buidling 15, Gemini-Zuid (4.118), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Groene Loper, TU Eindhoven, De Rondom 70, 5612AP Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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Rizzo MG, Palermo N, D’Amora U, Oddo S, Guglielmino SPP, Conoci S, Szychlinska MA, Calabrese G. Multipotential Role of Growth Factor Mimetic Peptides for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137388. [PMID: 35806393 PMCID: PMC9266819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is characterized by a poor self-healing capacity due to its aneural and avascular nature. Once injured, it undergoes a series of catabolic processes which lead to its progressive degeneration and the onset of a severe chronic disease called osteoarthritis (OA). In OA, important alterations of the morpho-functional organization occur in the cartilage extracellular matrix, involving all the nearby tissues, including the subchondral bone. Osteochondral engineering, based on a perfect combination of cells, biomaterials and biomolecules, is becoming increasingly successful for the regeneration of injured cartilage and underlying subchondral bone tissue. To this end, recently, several peptides have been explored as active molecules and enrichment motifs for the functionalization of biomaterials due to their ability to be easily chemically synthesized, as well as their tunable physico-chemical features, low immunogenicity issues and functional group modeling properties. In addition, they have shown a good aptitude to penetrate into the tissue due to their small size and stability at room temperature. In particular, growth-factor-derived peptides can play multiple functions in bone and cartilage repair, exhibiting chondrogenic/osteogenic differentiation properties. Among the most studied peptides, great attention has been paid to transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein mimetic peptides, cell-penetrating peptides, cell-binding peptides, self-assembling peptides and extracellular matrix-derived peptides. Moreover, recently, phage display technology is emerging as a powerful selection technique for obtaining functional peptides on a large scale and at a low cost. In particular, these peptides have demonstrated advantages such as high biocompatibility; the ability to be immobilized directly on chondro- and osteoinductive nanomaterials; and improving the cell attachment, differentiation, development and regeneration of osteochondral tissue. In this context, the aim of the present review was to go through the recent literature underlining the importance of studying novel functional motifs related to growth factor mimetic peptides that could be a useful tool in osteochondral repair strategies. Moreover, the review summarizes the current knowledge of the use of phage display peptides in osteochondral tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Nicoletta Palermo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Ugo D’Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—National Research Council, Viale J. F. Kennedy 54, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Oddo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Salvatore Pietro Paolo Guglielmino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.G.R.); (N.P.); (S.O.); (S.P.P.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (G.C.)
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Lee D, Lee Y, Kim S, Lee JT, Ahn JS. Evaluation of regeneration after the application of 2 types of deproteinized bovine bone mineral to alveolar bone defects in adult dogs. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 52:370-382. [PMID: 36302644 PMCID: PMC9614180 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2106080304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the preclinical results of 2 types of commercially available deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) when applied to alveolar bone defects in dogs. Methods This study was conducted using 6 beagles. Alveolar defects in the mandible were formed and filled with 2 DBBMs produced by a similar procedure. Defects were randomly assigned to be filled using DBBM 1 or 2. All defects were covered with a collagen membrane and had a healing period of 12 weeks. After the dogs were sacrificed, histological, histomorphometric, and linear/volumetric analyses were performed. Results Both DBBM groups showed similar histological findings, demonstrating that bone remodeling had occurred and new bone had formed. The residual bone particles were surrounded by newly formed vital bone. In the histomorphometric analysis, the ratio of the area of vital bone and residual bone substitute in DBBM 2 (38.18% and 3.47%, respectively) was higher than that of DBBM 1 (33.74% and 3.41%, respectively), although the difference was not statistically significant. There were also no statistically significant differences between both groups in linear and volumetric analyses using micro-computed tomography scans and digitized images of dental casts. Conclusions In the present study, DBBM 1and 2, which were produced by similar processes, showed similar results in histological, histomorphometric, and volumetric analyses. Further studies are needed to identify more specific differences between the 2 DBBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajung Lee
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonsub Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungtae Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Tae Lee
- Department of Periodontics, One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University, Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-soo Ahn
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Saravi NV, Lafzi A, Amid R, Kadkhodazadeh M, Shojaei N. Biological reactions of dental pulp stem cells cultured in presence of new xenograft bone substitutes from different sources: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:440-445. [DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_739_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Fiani B, Jarrah R, Shields J, Sekhon M. Enhanced biomaterials: systematic review of alternatives to supplement spine fusion including silicon nitride, bioactive glass, amino peptide bone graft, and tantalum. Neurosurg Focus 2021; 50:E10. [PMID: 34062502 DOI: 10.3171/2021.3.focus201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinal fusions are among the most common and effective spinal surgical practices; however, the current model presents some cost and safety concerns within the patient population. Therefore, enhanced biomaterials have been presented to be an innovative yet underutilized tool to supplement the success of spinal fusion surgery. Herein, the authors discuss these biomaterials, their compositions, clinical outcomes, and cost analysis through a systematic review of the literature to date. METHODS This systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria and guidelines. Article selection was performed using the PubMed electronic bibliographic databases. The search yielded 1168 articles that were assessed and filtered for relevance by the four authors. Following the screening of titles and abstracts, 62 articles were deemed significant enough for final selection. RESULTS To date, silicon nitride, bioactive glass, amino peptide bone grafts, and tantalum are all biomaterials that could have significant roles in supporting spinal fusion. Their unique compositions allow them to be biocompatible in the spine, and their mechanisms of action stimulate osteoblast formation and support fusion success. Moreover, these biomaterials also present positive clinical and cost outcomes that support their application in spinal procedures. However, further studies with longer follow-ups are necessary to fully understand these biomaterials prior to their incorporation in mainstream spinal practice. CONCLUSIONS The combination of their positive clinical outcomes, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness makes these biomaterials valuable, innovative, and effective treatment modalities that could revolutionize the current model of spinal fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fiani
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, California
| | - Ryan Jarrah
- 2College of Arts and Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint
| | - Jennifer Shields
- 3College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing; and
| | - Manraj Sekhon
- 4William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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Maazouz Y, Chizzola G, Döbelin N, Bohner M. Cell-free, quantitative mineralization measurements as a proxy to identify osteoinductive bone graft substitutes. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120912. [PMID: 34098150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Some synthetic bone graft substitutes (BGS) can trigger ectopic bone formation, which is the hallmark of osteoinduction and the most important prerequisite for the repair of large bone defects. Unfortunately, measuring or predicting BGS osteoinductive potential based on in vitro experiments is currently impossible. A recent study claimed that synthetic BGS can induce bone formation ectopically if they create a local homeostatic imbalance during their in vivo mineralization. This raised the hope that a simple cell free in vitro mineralization experiment would correlate with osteoinduction. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the ability of a quantitative in vitro mineralization test to predict and rank the osteoinductive potential of BGS. Eight calcium phosphate BGS already tested ectopically in 9 different in vivo studies were used for that purpose. The experiment was able to identify materials that are reliably osteoinductive from those that are not, but was inaccurate in ranking the osteoinductive materials between each other. Chemical contaminants (Ca2+, Mg2+, H+, OH-, PO43-) present in some of the BGS affected the in vitro mineralization experiment results, but not in a direction that could explain the different rankings. In conclusion, this study suggests that an in vitro experiment can be used as a fast and reliable screening tool to identify osteoinductive BGS and underline the need to study ionic contaminants on calcium phosphate BGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Maazouz
- RMS Foundation, Bischmattstrasse 12, 2544, Bettlach, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Chizzola
- RMS Foundation, Bischmattstrasse 12, 2544, Bettlach, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Döbelin
- RMS Foundation, Bischmattstrasse 12, 2544, Bettlach, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bohner
- RMS Foundation, Bischmattstrasse 12, 2544, Bettlach, Switzerland.
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Zhao R, Yang R, Cooper PR, Khurshid Z, Shavandi A, Ratnayake J. Bone Grafts and Substitutes in Dentistry: A Review of Current Trends and Developments. Molecules 2021; 26:3007. [PMID: 34070157 PMCID: PMC8158510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After tooth loss, bone resorption is irreversible, leaving the area without adequate bone volume for successful implant treatment. Bone grafting is the only solution to reverse dental bone loss and is a well-accepted procedure required in one in every four dental implants. Research and development in materials, design and fabrication technologies have expanded over the years to achieve successful and long-lasting dental implants for tooth substitution. This review will critically present the various dental bone graft and substitute materials that have been used to achieve a successful dental implant. The article also reviews the properties of dental bone grafts and various dental bone substitutes that have been studied or are currently available commercially. The various classifications of bone grafts and substitutes, including natural and synthetic materials, are critically presented, and available commercial products in each category are discussed. Different bone substitute materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, or their combinations, and their chemical, physical, and biocompatibility properties are explored. Limitations of the available materials are presented, and areas which require further research and development are highlighted. Tissue engineering hybrid constructions with enhanced bone regeneration ability, such as cell-based or growth factor-based bone substitutes, are discussed as an emerging area of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusin Zhao
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (R.Z.); (R.Y.); (P.R.C.)
| | - Ruijia Yang
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (R.Z.); (R.Y.); (P.R.C.)
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (R.Z.); (R.Y.); (P.R.C.)
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter Unit—École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50—CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jithendra Ratnayake
- Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (R.Z.); (R.Y.); (P.R.C.)
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Kyyak S, Blatt S, Schiegnitz E, Heimes D, Staedt H, Thiem DGE, Sagheb K, Al-Nawas B, Kämmerer PW. Activation of Human Osteoblasts via Different Bovine Bone Substitute Materials With and Without Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:599224. [PMID: 33681155 PMCID: PMC7925396 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.599224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the in vitro study was to compare the effect of four bovine bone substitute materials (XBSM) with and without injectable platelet-reach fibrin for viability and metabolic activity of human osteoblasts (HOB) as well as expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and osteonectin (OCN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cerabone® (CB), Bio-Oss® (BO), Creos Xenogain® (CX) and MinerOss® X (MO) ± i-PRF were incubated with HOB. At day 3, 7, and 10, cell viability and metabolic activity as well as expression of ALP, OCN, and BMP-2, was examined. RESULTS For non-i-PRF groups, the highest values concerning viability were seen for CB at all time points. Pre-treatment with i-PRF increased viability in all groups with the highest values for CB-i-PRF after 3 and 7 and for CX-i-PRF after 10 days. For metabolic activity, the highest rate among non-i-PRF groups was seen for MO at day 3 and for CB at day 7 and 10. Here, i-PRF groups showed higher values than non-i-PRF groups (highest values: CB + i-PRF) at all time points. There was no difference in ALP-expression between groups. For OCN expression in non-i-PRF groups, CB showed the highest values after day 3, CX after day 7 and 10. Among i-PRF-groups, the highest values were seen for CX + i-PRF. At day 3, the highest BMP-2 expression was observed for CX. Here, for i-PRF groups, the highest increase was seen for CX + i-PRF at day 3. At day 7 and 10, there was no significant difference among groups. CONCLUSION XBSM sintered under high temperature showed increased HOB viability and metabolic activity through the whole period when compared to XBSM manufactured at lower temperatures. Overall, the combination of XBSM with i-PRF improved all cellular parameters, ALP and BMP-2 expression at earlier stages as well as OCN expression at later stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomiya Kyyak
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Blatt
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eik Schiegnitz
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Diana Heimes
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Henning Staedt
- Private Practice, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel G. E. Thiem
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Keyvan Sagheb
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peer W. Kämmerer
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Wang TY, Xu SL, Wang ZP, Guo JY. Mega-oss and Mega-TCP versus Bio-Oss granules fixed by alginate gel for bone regeneration. BDJ Open 2020; 6:14. [PMID: 32821432 PMCID: PMC7419530 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-020-0042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/AIMS Bone graft materials are widely used at present because inadequate bone volume is usually found in implant patients. To determine the biocompatibility of a new grafting material, in vitro research is routinely performed before animal experiments and clinical testing. However, during in vitro experiments, bone material particles might move during testing, which could affect the accuracy of the results. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the biocompatibility of new bone substitutes, Mega-oss and Mega-TCP were compared with Bio-Oss using osteoblast cells and osteoclast cells fixed with alginate gel. Cell morphology, viability, bone resorption, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and staining were tested to compare the biocompatibility differences in the performance of Mega-oss, Mega-TCP, and Bio-Oss. RESULTS Cells spread better on Mega-oss and Mega-TCP than the round shape on Bio-Oss. The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) results showed that Mega-oss, Mega-TCP, and sodium alginate had good viability. Meanwhile, Mega-oss and Mega-TCP had the same osteoblast differentiation ability as Bio-Oss. The resorption rates of Mega-TCP and Mega-oss were higher than those of Bio-Oss (24.4%, 15.3%, and 3.3%, respectively). CONCLUSION Mega-oss and Mega-TCP might be useful alternative bone graft materials compared with Bio-Oss. In addition, fixing the materials with sodium alginate gel could be a new method for in vitro bone material experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Yue Wang
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510220 China
| | - Shu-Lan Xu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510220 China
| | - Zhi-Ping Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510220 China
| | - Jin-Yuan Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510220 China
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Jacobsen MK, Andresen AK, Jespersen AB, Støttrup C, Carreon LY, Overgaard S, Andersen MØ. Randomized double blind clinical trial of ABM/P-15 versus allograft in noninstrumented lumbar fusion surgery. Spine J 2020; 20:677-684. [PMID: 32001384 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Due to poor bone stock in the elderly, a noninstrumented fusion is commonly performed in Scandinavia when instability is present. Allograft bone is often used as graft extender with consequent low fusion rates. The use of 15 amino acid residue (ABM/P-15) has shown superior fusion rates in dental and cervical spinal surgery but no clinical studies have been conducted in noninstrumented lumbar fusion surgery. PURPOSE To evaluate patient reported outcomes (PROs) and the intertransverse fusion rate in noninstrumented posterolateral fusion with either ABM/P-15 or allograft. STUDY DESIGN Double-blind randomized clinical trial. PATIENT SAMPLE Patients 60 years or older with degenerative spondylolisthesis undergoing decompression and noninstrumented posterolateral fusion. OUTCOME MEASURES Visual analog scales for back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index and EuroQoL-5D. METHODS One hundred one patients were enrolled in the study and randomized 1:1 to either ABM/P-15 (mixed 50/50, 5cc/level) or allograft bone (30 g/level), both mixed with local bone graft. PROs were collected at baseline and at 12 and 24 months after surgery. The patients underwent 1-year postoperative fine cut computed tomography-scans (0.9 mm) with reconstructions, independently evaluated by three reviewers. Fusion status was concluded by consensus of two of the three as "fusion" or "no fusion." RESULTS There were 49 patients available for analysis in both cohorts. The two groups were similar in terms of sex distribution, age, and number of levels fused. The fusion rate was significantly higher in the ABM/P-15 group with 50% fused compared with 20% in the allograft group. PROs at baseline and at all follow-up time points were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients undergoing noninstrumented posterolateral fusion augmented with ABM/P-15 had a statistically significantly higher fusion rate compared with allograft when evaluated with postoperative fine cut computed tomography-scans (0.9 mm) with reconstructions. However, this did not translate to better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kjær Jacobsen
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Andreas Killerich Andresen
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Annette Bennedsgaard Jespersen
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Christian Støttrup
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Leah Y Carreon
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Søren Overgaard
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Ø Andersen
- Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Region of Southern Denmark, Østre Hougvej 55, DK-5500, Middelfart, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 3, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.
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15
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Loin J, Kün-Darbois JD, Guillaume B, Badja S, Libouban H, Chappard D. Maxillary sinus floor elevation using Beta-Tricalcium-Phosphate (beta-TCP) or natural bone: same inflammatory response. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:97. [PMID: 31440845 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sinus elevation is a common procedure to increase bone volume in the atrophic maxilla to allow placement of dental implants. Autogenous bone is the gold standard but is limited in quantity and causes morbidity at the donor site. β-TCP is a synthetic biomaterial commonly used in that purpose. It appears to induce a poor inflammatory response. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of edema of the sinus mucosa after sinus lift surgery according to the type of biomaterial. Forty sinuses (20 patients) were included retrospectively and divided into 2 groups according to the biomaterial that was used: synthetic biomaterial (BTCP group), natural bone (BONE group). A control group (CTRL group) was constituted by the non-grafted maxillary sinuses. Twelve measurements per sinus were realized on pre- and post-operative computed tomography and averaged to provide the sinus membrane thickness value (SM.Th). SM.Th was thicker post-operatively in the BTCP and BONE groups in comparison with the CTRL group and in comparison with pre-operative measurements. No difference was found post operatively between the BTCP and BONE groups. We found that a synthetic biomaterial (β-TCP) induced the same degree of edema, and thus of inflammation, as natural bone. It constitutes therefore an interesting alternative to autogenous bone for maxillary sinus lifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Loin
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, CHU d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Kün-Darbois
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, CHU d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933, Angers Cedex, France.
- Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux, GEROM, EA 4658, SFR 4208, Univ-Angers, IRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d'Angers, 49933, Angers Cedex, France.
| | - Bernard Guillaume
- Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux, GEROM, EA 4658, SFR 4208, Univ-Angers, IRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d'Angers, 49933, Angers Cedex, France
- Centre Français d'Implantologie CFI, 6 rue de Rome, 75008, Paris, France
| | - Smail Badja
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et stomatologie, CHU d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Libouban
- Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux, GEROM, EA 4658, SFR 4208, Univ-Angers, IRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d'Angers, 49933, Angers Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Chappard
- Groupe Etudes Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux, GEROM, EA 4658, SFR 4208, Univ-Angers, IRIS-IBS Institut de Biologie en Santé, CHU d'Angers, 49933, Angers Cedex, France
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16
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Ambrożewicz E, Tokajuk G, Muszyńska M, Zaręba I, Skrzydlewska E. Cross talk between redox signalling and metabolic activity of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in the presence of hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials influences bone regeneration. J Appl Biomed 2019; 17:125-135. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Zhang J, Eisenhauer P, Kaya O, Vaccaro AR, Diallo C, Fertala A, Freeman TA. P15 peptide stimulates chondrogenic commitment and endochondral ossification. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 41:1413-1422. [DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Wei JQ, Liu Y, Zhang XH, Liang WW, Zhou TF, Zhang H, Deng XL. Enhanced critical-sized bone defect repair efficiency by combining deproteinized antler cancellous bone and autologous BMSCs. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Severin AV, Ivanov PL, Kostina JV, Khabarov VN, Kalmykova TP, Antonov SV. Molecular structure and morphology of biomineral composites based on nanohydroxyapatite and hyaluronic acid. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090416040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Pountos I, Panteli M, Lampropoulos A, Jones E, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV. The role of peptides in bone healing and regeneration: a systematic review. BMC Med 2016; 14:103. [PMID: 27400961 PMCID: PMC4940902 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering and the research surrounding peptides has expanded significantly over the last few decades. Several peptides have been shown to support and stimulate the bone healing response and have been proposed as therapeutic vehicles for clinical use. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the clinical and experimental studies analysing the potential role of peptides for bone healing and bone regeneration. METHODS A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Articles presenting peptides capable of exerting an upregulatory effect on osteoprogenitor cells and bone healing were included in the study. RESULTS Based on the available literature, a significant amount of experimental in vitro and in vivo evidence exists. Several peptides were found to upregulate the bone healing response in experimental models and could act as potential candidates for future clinical applications. However, from the available peptides that reached the level of clinical trials, the presented results are limited. CONCLUSION Further research is desirable to shed more light into the processes governing the osteoprogenitor cellular responses. With further advances in the field of biomimetic materials and scaffolds, new treatment modalities for bone repair will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Pountos
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Michalis Panteli
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Elena Jones
- Unit of Musculoskeletal Disease, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James University Hospital, University of Leeds, LS9 7TF, Leeds, UK
| | - Giorgio Maria Calori
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, ISTITUTO ORTOPEDICO GAETANO PINI, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, LS7 4SA Leeds, West Yorkshire, Leeds, UK.
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Efficacy of i-Factor Bone Graft versus Autograft in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: Results of the Prospective, Randomized, Single-blinded Food and Drug Administration Investigational Device Exemption Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41:1075-1083. [PMID: 26825787 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel, single-blinded noninferiority multicenter pivotal FDA IDE trial. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate efficacy and safety of i-Factor Bone Graft (i-Factor) compared with local autograft in single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for cervical radiculopathy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA i-Factor is a composite bone substitute material consisting of the P-15 synthetic collagen fragment adsorbed onto anorganic bone mineral and suspended in an inert biocompatible hydrogel carrier. P-15 has demonstrated bone healing efficacy in dental, orthopedic, and nonhuman applications. METHODS Patients randomly received either autograft (N = 154) or i-Factor (N = 165) in a cortical ring allograft. Study success was defined as noninferiority in fusion, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Neurological Success endpoints, and similar adverse events profile at 12 months. RESULTS At 12 months (follow-up rate 87%), both i-Factor and autograft subjects demonstrated a high fusion rate (88.97% and 85.82%, respectively, noninferiority P = 0.0004), significant improvements in NDI (28.75 and 27.40, respectively, noninferiority P < 0.0001), and high Neurological Success rate (93.71% and 93.01%, respectively, noninferiority P < 0.0001). There was no difference in the rate of adverse events (83.64% and 82.47% in the i-Factor and autograft groups, respectively, P = 0.8814). Overall success rate consisting of fusion, NDI, Neurological Success and Safety Success was higher in i-Factor subjects than in autograft subjects (68.75% and 56.94%, respectively, P = 0.0382). Improvements in VAS pain and SF-36v2 scores were clinically relevant and similar between the groups. A high proportion of patients reported good or excellent Odom outcomes (81.4% in both groups). CONCLUSION i-Factor has met all four FDA mandated noninferiority success criteria and has demonstrated safety and efficacy in single-level ACDF for cervical radiculopathy. i-Factor and autograft groups demonstrated significant postsurgical improvement and high fusion rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1.
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22
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Effect of rhBMP-2 Immobilized Anorganic Bovine Bone Matrix on Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:16034-52. [PMID: 26184187 PMCID: PMC4519937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160716034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anorganic bovine bone matrix (Bio-Oss®) has been used for a long time for bone graft regeneration, but has poor osteoinductive capability. The use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been suggested to overcome this limitation of Bio-Oss®. In the present study, heparin-mediated rhBMP-2 was combined with Bio-Oss® in animal experiments to investigate bone formation performance; heparin was used to control rhBMP-2 release. Two calvarial defects (8 mm diameter) were formed in a white rabbit model and then implanted or not (controls) with Bio-Oss® or BMP-2/Bio-Oss®. The Bio-Oss® and BMP-2/Bio-Oss® groups had significantly greater new bone areas (expressed as percentages of augmented areas) than the non-implanted controls at four and eight weeks after surgery, and the BMP-2/Bio-Oss® group (16.50 ± 2.87 (n = 6)) had significantly greater new bone areas than the Bio-Oss® group (9.43 ± 3.73 (n = 6)) at four weeks. These findings suggest that rhBMP-2 treated heparinized Bio-Oss® markedly enhances bone regeneration.
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23
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Wei J, Xu M, Zhang X, Meng S, Wang Y, Zhou T, Ma Q, Han B, Wei Y, Deng X. Enhanced Osteogenic Behavior of ADSCs Produced by Deproteinized Antler Cancellous Bone and Evidence for Involvement of ERK Signaling Pathway. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1810-21. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Meng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuanfeng Zhou
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Comparative study of biphasic calcium phosphate with beta-tricalcium phosphate in rat cranial defects—A molecular-biological and histological study. Ann Anat 2015; 199:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Milani S, Dal Pozzo L, Rasperini G, Sforza C, Dellavia C. Deproteinized bovine bone remodeling pattern in alveolar socket: a clinical immunohistological evaluation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 27:295-302. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Milani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Laura Dal Pozzo
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Giulio Rasperini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Polyclinic; Milan Italy
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Claudia Dellavia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
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Effect of bone graft density on in vitro cell behavior with enamel matrix derivative. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:1643-51. [PMID: 25518814 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone replacement grafting materials play an important role in regenerative dentistry. Despite a large array of tested bone-grafting materials, little information is available comparing the effects of bone graft density on in vitro cell behavior. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to compare the effects of cells seeded on bone grafts at low and high density in vitro for osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The response of osteoblasts to the presence of a growth factor (enamel matrix derivative, (EMD)) in combination with low (8 mg per well) or high (100 mg per well) bone grafts (BG; natural bone mineral, Bio-Oss®) density, was studied and compared for osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation as assessed by real-time PCR. Standard tissue culture plastic was used as a control with and without EMD. RESULTS The present study demonstrates that in vitro testing of bone-grafting materials is largely influenced by bone graft seeding density. Osteoblast adhesion was up to 50 % lower when cells were seeded on high-density BG when compared to low-density BG and control tissue culture plastic. Furthermore, proliferation was affected in a similar manner whereby cell proliferation on high-density BG (100 mg/well) was significantly increased when compared to that on low-density BG (8 mg/well). In contrast, cell differentiation was significantly increased on high-density BG as assessed by real-time PCR for markers collagen 1 (Col 1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OC) as well as alizarin red staining. The effects of EMD on osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation further demonstrated that the bone graft seeding density largely controls in vitro results. EMD significantly increased cell attachment only on high-density BG, whereas EMD was able to further stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts on control culture plastic and low-density BG when compared to high-density BG. CONCLUSION The results from the present study demonstrate that the in vitro conditions largely influence cell behavior of osteoblasts seeded on bone grafts and in vitro testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results also illustrate the necessity for careful selection of bone graft seeding density to optimize in vitro testing and provide the clinician with a more accurate description of the osteopromotive potential of bone grafts.
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Mobbs RJ, Maharaj M, Rao PJ. Clinical outcomes and fusion rates following anterior lumbar interbody fusion with bone graft substitute i-FACTOR, an anorganic bone matrix/P-15 composite. J Neurosurg Spine 2014; 21:867-76. [DOI: 10.3171/2014.9.spine131151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object
Despite limited availability and the morbidity associated with autologous iliac crest bone graft (ICBG), its use in anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) procedures remains the gold standard to achieve arthrodesis. The search for alternative grafts yielding comparable or superior fusion outcomes with fewer complications continues. In particular, i-FACTOR, a novel bone graft substitute composed of anorganic bone matrix (ABM) with P-15 small peptide, is one example currently used widely in the dental community. Although preclinical studies have documented its usefulness, the role of i-FACTOR in ALIF procedures remains unknown.
The authors' goal was to determine the safety and efficacy of i-FACTOR bone graft composite used in patients who underwent ALIF by evaluating fusion rates and clinical outcomes.
Methods
A nonblinded cohort of patients who were all referred to a single surgeon's practice was prospectively studied. One hundred ten patients with degenerative spinal disease underwent single or multilevel ALIF using the ABM/P-15 bone graft composite with a mean of 24 months (minimum 15 months) of follow-up were enrolled in the study. Patient's clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index for low-back pain, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, Odom's criteria, and a visual analog scale for pain. Fine-cut CT scans were used to evaluate the progression to fusion.
Results
All patients who received i-FACTOR demonstrated radiographic evidence of bony induction and early incorporation of bone graft. At a mean of 24 months of follow-up (range 15–43 months), 97.5%, 81%, and 100% of patients, respectively, who had undergone single-, double-, and triple-level surgery exhibited fusion at all treated levels. The clinical outcomes demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between preoperative and postoperative Oswestry Disability Index, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey, and visual analog scores.
Conclusions
The use of i-FACTOR bone graft substitute demonstrates promising results for facilitating successful fusion and improving clinical outcomes in patients who undergo ALIF surgery for degenerative spinal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph J. Mobbs
- 1NeuroSpineClinic, Prince of Wales Private Hospital; and
- 2Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Monish Maharaj
- 2Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Prashanth J. Rao
- 1NeuroSpineClinic, Prince of Wales Private Hospital; and
- 2Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Bone substitute material composition and morphology differentially modulate calcium and phosphate release through osteoclast-like cells. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 43:514-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guida alla scelta di un biomateriale per la preservazione alveolare: l’importanza dei fattori biologici di rimodellamento. DENTAL CADMOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(14)70144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cellular Response of Calcium Phosphate Bone Substitute Containing Hydroxyapatite and Tricalcium Phosphate. IMPLANT DENT 2014; 23:74-8. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Reichert C, Götz W, Reimann S, Keilig L, Hagner M, Bourauel C, Jäger A. Resorption behavior of a nanostructured bone substitute: in vitro investigation and clinical application. J Orofac Orthop 2013; 74:165-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-012-0136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ayobian-Markazi N, Fourootan T, Kharazifar MJ. Comparison of cell viability and morphology of a human osteoblast-like cell line (SaOS-2) seeded on various bone substitute materials: An in vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9:86-92. [PMID: 22363369 PMCID: PMC3283985 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.92959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have shown favorable results following the use of different bone graft materials. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of four different bone graft materials regarding cell viability and morphology of Human osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of Bio-Oss(®), Tutodent(®), Osteon(®), and Cerasorb(®) were studied on the human osteoblast-like cell line to evaluate various parameters. Human osteoblast-like cells were seeded onto the mentioned bone substitute materials (BSMs). Cell differentiation; cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the seeded cells were evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy, cell viability test and phase contrast microscopy Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tamhane's post-hoc, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Dunn's Test were used. The results were considered to be statistically significant at P<0.05. RESULTS The control group (SaOS-2 cells which were incubated in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium without any kind of bone graft materials) had the highest level of cell viability (P<0.001), followed by Tutodent(®), Osteon(®), Cerasorb(®), and Bio-Oss(®). There was no significant difference in MTT assay results between Tutodent(®) and the control group (P=0.032). All tested bone graft materials showed significantly higher ALP activity than the control (P<0.001). The Tutodent(®) group showed the best cell growth among all experimental groups, followed by the Osteon(®) group. The former had a higher spindle-like morphology with good attachment to the surface. Cells cultivated on the surfaces of the Cerasorb(®) and Bio-Oss(®) granules had more round morphologies. CONCLUSION This in vitro study demonstrated that all tested BSMs can provide good cell differentiation but a lower rate of proliferation.
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Liu Q, Limthongkul W, Sidhu G, Zhang J, Vaccaro A, Shenck R, Hickok N, Shapiro I, Freeman T. Covalent attachment of P15 peptide to titanium surfaces enhances cell attachment, spreading, and osteogenic gene expression. J Orthop Res 2012; 30:1626-33. [PMID: 22504956 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
P15, a synthetic 15 amino acid peptide, mimics the cell-binding domain within the alpha-1 chain of human collagen is being tested in clinical trials to determine if it enhances bone formation in spinal fusions. We hypothesize that covalent attachment of P15 to titanium implants may also serve to promote osseointegration. To test this hypothesis, we measured osteoblast and mesenchymal cell adhesion, proliferation, and maturation on P15 tethered to a titanium (Ti-P15) surface. P15 peptide was covalently bonded to titanium alloy surfaces and incubated with osteoblast like cells. Cell toxicity, adhesion, spreading, and differentiation was then evaluated. Real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, and fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed to measure osteoblast gene expression and differentiation. There was no evidence of toxicity. Significant increases in early cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation were observed on the Ti-P15 surface. Increased filapodial attachments, α(2) integrin expression, and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase immunostaining indicated activation of integrin signaling pathways. qRT-PCR analysis indicated there was significant increase in osteogenic differentiation markers in cells grown on Ti-P15 compared to control-Ti. Western blotting confirmed these findings. Surface modification of titanium with P15 significantly increased cell attachment, spreading, osteogenic gene expression, and differentiation. Results of this study suggest that Ti-P15 has the potential to safely enhance bone formation and promote osseointegration of titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, Jilin, China
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Vordemvenne T, Paletta JRJ, Hartensuer R, Pap T, Raschke MJ, Ochman S. Cooperative effects in differentiation and proliferation between PDGF-BB and matrix derived synthetic peptides in human osteoblasts. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011; 12:263. [PMID: 22104124 PMCID: PMC3231994 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancing osteogenic capabilities of bone matrix for the treatment of fractures and segmental defects using growth factors is an active area of research. Recently, synthetic peptides like AC- 100, TP508 or p-15 corresponding to biologically active sequences of matrix proteins have been proven to stimulate bone formation. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) BB has been identified as an important paracrine factor in early bone healing. We hypothesized that the combined use of PDGF-BB with synthetic peptides could result in an increase in proliferation and calcification of osteoblast-like cells. Methods Osteoblast-like cell cultures were treated with PDGF and synthetic peptides, singly and as combinations, and compared to non-treated control cell cultures. The cultures were evaluated at days 2, 5, and 10 in terms of cell proliferation, calcification and gene expression of alkaline phosphate, collagen I and osteocalcin. Results Experimental findings revealed that the addition of PDGF, p-15 and TP508 and combinations of PDGF/AC-100, PDGF/p-15 and PDGF/TP508 resulted in an increase in proliferating osteoblasts, especially in the first 5 days of cultivation. Proliferation did not significantly differ between single factors and factor combinations (p > 0.05). The onset of calcification in osteoblasts occurred earlier and was more distinct compared to the corresponding control or PDGF stimulation alone. Significant difference was found for the combined use of PDGF/p-15 and PDGF/AC-100 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings indicate that PDGF exhibits cooperative effects with synthetic peptides in differentiation and proliferation. These cooperative effects cause a significant early calcification of osteoblast-like cells (p < 0.05). We suggest the combination of synthetic peptides and PDGF as a potential clinical approach for accelerating bone healing or coating osteosynthesis materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vordemvenne
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Germany.
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35
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Mladenović Ž, Sahlin-Platt A, Andersson B, Johansson A, Björn E, Ransjö M. In vitrostudy of the biological interface of Bio-Oss: implications of the experimental setup. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 24:329-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Britta Andersson
- Department of Medicine Solna; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm; Sweden
| | | | - Erik Björn
- Department of Chemistry; Umeå University; Umeå; Sweden
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Department of Odontology; Umeå University; Umeå; Sweden
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36
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Bernhardt A, Lode A, Peters F, Gelinsky M. Comparative evaluation of different calcium phosphate-based bone graft granules - an in vitro study with osteoblast-like cells. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 24:441-9. [PMID: 22092911 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Granule-shaped calcium phosphate-based bone graft materials are often required for bone regeneration especially in implant dentistry. Two newly developed bone graft materials are Ceracell(®) , an open-celled highly porous bioceramic from β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) under addition of bioglass and Osseolive(®) , an open porous glass ceramic with the general formula Ca2 KNa(PO4 )2 . The goal of this study was to characterize different modifications of the two bone graft materials in vitro in comparison to already established ceramic bone grafts Cerasorb M(®) , NanoBone(®) and BONIT Matrix(®) . MATERIALS AND METHODS Adhesion and proliferation of SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated quantitatively by determining DNA content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, MTT cell-vitality staining was applied to confirm the attachment of viable cells to the different materials. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity as well as gene expression analysis of osteogenic markers using reverse transcriptase PCR. RESULTS DNA content and LDH activity revealed good cell attachment and proliferation for Ceracell and Cerasorb M. When pre-incubated with cell-culture medium, also Osseolive showed good cell attachment and proliferation. Attachment and proliferation of osteoblast-like cells on NanoBone and BONIT Matrix was very low, even after pre-incubation with cell-culture medium. Specific ALP activity on Ceracell(®) , Osseolive (®) and Cerasorb M(®) increased with time and expression of bone-related genes ALP, osteonectin, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein II was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Ceracell as well as Osseolive granules support proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and may be promising candidates for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstr, Dresden, Germany
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Huh JB, Kim SE, Song SK, Yun MJ, Shim JS, Lee JY, Shin SW. The effect of immobilization of heparin and bone morphogenic protein-2 to bovine bone substitute on osteoblast-like cell's function. J Adv Prosthodont 2011; 3:145-51. [PMID: 22053246 PMCID: PMC3204451 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2011.3.3.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to investigate the ability of recombinant human-bone morphogenic protein-2 immobilized on a heparin-grafted bone substrate to enhance the osteoblastic functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Bio-Oss®, not coated with any material, was used as a control group. In rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® group, rhBMP-2 was coated with Bio-Oss® using only deep and dry methods (50 ng/mL, 24 h). In heparinized rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® group, dopamine was anchored to the surface of Bio-Oss®, and coated with heparin. rhBMP-2 was immobilized onto the heparinized- Bio-Oss® surface. The release kinetics of the rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® and heparinized rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The biological activities of the MG63 cells on the three groups were investigated via cytotoxicity assay, cell proliferation assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) measurement, and calcium deposition determination. Statistical comparisons were carried out by one-way ANOVA test. Differences were considered statistically significant at *P<.05 and **P<.001. RESULTS The heparinized rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® showed more sustained release compared to the rhBMP-2-Bio-Oss® over an extended time. In the measurement of the ALP activity, the heparinized group showed a significantly higher ALP activity when compared with the non-heparinized groups (P<.05). The MG63 cells cultivated in the group with rhBMP-2 showed increased calcium deposition, and the MG63 cells from the heparinized group increased more than those that were cultivated in the non-heparinized groups. CONCLUSION Heparin increased the rhBMP-2 release amount and made sustained release possible, and heparinized Bio-Oss® with rhBMP-2 successfully improved the osteoblastic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Bo Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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Hermund NU, Stavropoulos A, Donatsky O, Nielsen H, Clausen C, Reibel J, Pakkenberg B, Holmstrup P. Reimplantation of cultivated human bone cells from the posterior maxilla for sinus floor augmentation. Histological results from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 23:1031-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Ulrich Hermund
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hilleroed Hospital/Rigshospitalet; Hilleroed; Denmark
| | | | - Ole Donatsky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hilleroed Hospital/Rigshospitalet; Hilleroed; Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Hilleroed Hospital/Rigshospitalet; Hilleroed; Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Reibel
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine; School of Dentistry; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Bente Pakkenberg
- Laboratory of Stereology; Bispebjerg University Hospital; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Palle Holmstrup
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen; Denmark
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Jo YJ, Kim KH, Koo KT, Kim TI, Seol YJ, Lee YM, Ku Y, Chung CP, Rhyu IC. Initial adhesion of bone marrow stromal cells to various bone graft substitutes. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2011; 41:67-72. [PMID: 21556256 PMCID: PMC3087077 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2011.41.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to determine whether certain biomaterials have the potential to support cell attachment. After seeding bone marrow stromal cells onto the biomaterials, we investigated their responses to each material in vitro. Methods Rat bone marrow derived stromal cells were used. The biomaterials were deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), DBBM coated with fibronectin (FN), synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA), HA coated with FN, HA coated with β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and pure β-TCP. With confocal laser scanning microscopy, actin filaments and vinculin were observed after 6, 12, and 24 hours of cell seeding. The morphological features of cells on each biomaterial were observed using scanning electron microscopy at day 1 and 7. Results The cells on HA/FN and HA spread widely and showed better defined actin cytoskeletons than those on the other biomaterials. At the initial phase, FN seemed to have a favorable effect on cell adhesion. In DBBM, very few cells adhered to the surface. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, we can conclude that in contrast with DBBM not supporting cell attachment, HA provided a more favorable environment with respect to cell attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jae Jo
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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40
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Kim DK, Lee SJ, Cho TH, Hui P, Kwon MS, Hwang SJ. Comparison of a synthetic bone substitute composed of carbonated apatite with an anorganic bovine xenograft in particulate forms in a canine maxillary augmentation model. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 21:1334-44. [PMID: 20626421 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a porous geometry in particulate bone on new bone formation by comparison of anorganic bovine carbonate apatite (ABCA) with synthetic carbonated apatite (SCA), which have similar properties but different micro-structures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Porous structures and anorganic components of ABCA and SCA were evaluated using scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared. They were implanted in maxillary augmentation models with the mouth split design in a total of 15 Beagle dogs. The animals were sacrificed 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery, and the histomorphometrical results were statistically analyzed for the material's geometrical relationship and new bone formation in relation to the available space and contact surface for osteoconduction. RESULTS Both materials showed a typical infrared pattern of CO(3)(2-) -substituted hydroxyapatite (HA). Porous structures and a bridging effect of osteoconductive bone material were relatively better observed in SCA. The ratio of the material area to the total area was higher (P<0.01) for ABCA (28.03±6.09) than for SCA (20.26±4.23). The ratio of the number of particles possessing a pore structure to the total number and the interparticular space was greater (P<0.001 and 0.01) for SCA (18.12±9.44 and 79.74±4.23) compared with ABCA (1.45±1.74 and 71.63±5.85). The new bone areas and the bone-material contact lengths were greater in SCA than in ABCA (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that porous structures may have an influence on new bone formation in osteoconductive bone substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Kyun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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41
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Engler-Hamm D, Cheung WS, Yen A, Stark PC, Griffin T. Ridge Preservation Using a Composite Bone Graft and a Bioabsorbable Membrane With and Without Primary Wound Closure: A Comparative Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2011; 82:377-87. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.090342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bernhardt A, Lode A, Peters F, Gelinsky M. Novel ceramic bone replacement material Osbone® in a comparative in vitro study with osteoblasts. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 22:651-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Evaluation of ABM/P-15 versus autogenous bone in an ovine lumbar interbody fusion model. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2010; 19:2156-63. [PMID: 20694847 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-010-1546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A prospective, randomized study was performed in an ovine model to compare the efficacy of an anorganic bovine-derived hydroxyapatite matrix combined with a synthetic 15 amino acid residue (ABM/P-15) in facilitating lumbar interbody fusion when compared with autogenous bone harvested from the iliac crest. P-15 is a biomimetic to the cell-binding site of Type-I collagen for bone-forming cells. When combined with ABM, it creates the necessary scaffold to initiate cell invasion, binding, and subsequent osteogenesis. In this study, six adult ewes underwent anterior-lateral interbody fusion at L3/L4 and L4/L5 using PEEK interbody rings filled with autogenous bone at one level and ABM/P-15 at the other level and no additional instrumentation. Clinical CT scans were obtained at 3 and 6 months; micro-CT scans and histomorphometry analyses were performed after euthanization at 6 months. Clinical CT scan analysis showed that all autograft and ABM/P-15 treated levels had radiographically fused outside of the rings at the 3-month study time point. Although the clinical CT scans of the autograft treatment group showed significantly better fusion within the PEEK rings than ABM/P-15 at 3 months, micro-CT scans, clinical CT scans, and histomorphometric analyses showed there were no statistical differences between the two treatment groups at 6 months. Thus, ABM/P-15 was as successful as autogenous bone graft in producing lumbar spinal fusion in an ovine model, and it should be further evaluated in clinical studies.
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Amerio P, Vianale G, Reale M, Muraro R, Tulli A, Piattelli A. The effect of deproteinized bovine bone on osteoblast growth factors and proinflammatory cytokine production. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 21:650-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01881.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Klein MO, Kämmerer PW, Scholz T, Moergel M, Kirchmaier CM, Al-Nawas B. Modulation of platelet activation and initial cytokine release by alloplastic bone substitute materials. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 21:336-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sabetrasekh R, Tiainen H, Lyngstadaas SP, Reseland J, Haugen H. A Novel Ultra-porous Titanium Dioxide Ceramic with Excellent Biocompatibility. J Biomater Appl 2010; 25:559-80. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328209354925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The current study compares biocompatibility, cell growth and morphology, pore diameter distribution, and interconnectivity of a novel titanium dioxide (TiO2) bone graft substitute granules with three different commercially available bone graft granules Natix®, Straumann® BoneCeramic, and Bio-Oss®. Human primary mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the bone graft substitutes and cell viability and proliferation were evaluated after 1 and 3 days. The microstructural properties of the bone graft substitutes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography analysis, and mechanical testing. The cell viability and proliferation, porosity, interconnectivity, open pore size, and surface area-to-volume ratio of TiO2 granules were significantly higher than commercial bone granules (Bio-Oss® and Straumann ® BoneCeramic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Sabetrasekh
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - S. Petter Lyngstadaas
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne Reseland
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard Haugen
- Department for Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo NO-0317 Oslo, Norway,
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Reichert C, Al-Nawas B, Smeets R, Kasaj A, Götz W, Klein MO. In vitro proliferation of human osteogenic cells in presence of different commercial bone substitute materials combined with enamel matrix derivatives. Head Face Med 2009; 5:23. [PMID: 19909545 PMCID: PMC2780983 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-5-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular reactions to alloplastic bone substitute materials (BSM) are a subject of interest in basic research. In regenerative dentistry, these bone grafting materials are routinely combined with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) in order to additionally enhance tissue regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative activity of human osteogenic cells after incubation over a period of seven days with commercial BSM of various origin and chemical composition. Special focus was placed on the potential additional benefit of EMD on cellular proliferation. RESULTS Except for PerioGlas, osteogenic cell proliferation was significantly promoted by the investigated BSM. The application of EMD alone also resulted in significantly increased cellular proliferation. However, a combination of BSM and EMD resulted in only a moderate additional enhancement of osteogenic cell proliferation. CONCLUSION The application of most BSM, as well as the exclusive application of EMD demonstrated a positive impact on the proliferation of human osteogenic cells in vitro. In order to increase the benefit from substrate combination (BSM + EMD), further studies on the interactions between BSM and EMD are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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Rameis MT, Cei S, Bernardi J, Watzek G, Gruber R. Development of an in vitro model on cellular adhesion on granular natural bone mineral under dynamic seeding conditions--a pilot study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 91:766-771. [PMID: 19582840 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion of osteogenic cells on biomaterials can be studied with static in vitro models, whereas models representing dynamic seeding conditions are rare. Herein, we present an in vitro model to study cell adhesion on granular biomaterials under dynamic seeding conditions. Radiolabeled osteogenic MC3T3-E1 cells were allowed to adhere to granules of natural bovine bone mineral (NBM) under constant rotation. Adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells was determined by liquid scintillation counting, and cell morphology was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay under static and dynamic conditions, at room and body temperature, and in the presence or absence of serum. We show here that MC3T3-E1 cells rapidly adhere to NBM, reaching a peak 3 h after seeding. Attached cells display characteristic signs of spreading. Five to ten percent of total radioactivity remained on NBM after the removal of nonadherent cells. Viability is maintained at room temperature and under rotation for upto 3 h. This data suggests that the dynamic in vitro model presented here provides a tool to study cell adhesion on granular biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Cei
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Department of Oral Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Vienna 1010, Austria
| | - Georg Watzek
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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Neugebauer J, Iezzi G, Perrotti V, Fischer JH, Khoury F, Piattelli A, Zoeller JE. Experimental immediate loading of dental implants in conjunction with grafting procedures. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 91:604-612. [PMID: 19582856 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate immediate loading (IL) of dental implants in conjunction with grafting procedures. A total of 107 IL implants were inserted in six mini pigs. Before implant placement, crestal or apical defects were created, which were treated with bone chips, phycogene hydroxyapatite (HA), bovine HA, or bovine HA enhanced with a synthetic peptide. Crestal grafts were stabilized with titanium membranes. All bridges were in function and showed signs of chewing wear after 4-month loading. Three out of 107 implants showed no osseointegration (2.7%). Most of the crestal defects showed incomplete regeneration, due to an infection of the membranes (74.3%) The difference in height between surgical and remaining defect was calculated as defect development, which was 2.3 +/- 2.08 mm for bone chips with an area of regenerated bone of 22.8 +/- 3.34% and 0.7 +/- 2.22 mm for phycogene HA with 11.3 +/- 4.36% regenerated bone. Bovine HA showed an increase of defects 1.3 +/- 2.47 mm with only 7.9 +/- 1.7% bone regeneration. Bovine HA enhanced with a peptide showed a defect development of 1.1 +/- 1.42 mm with an area of regenerated bone of 18.2 +/- 2.38%. In conclusion, local grafting procedures did not disturb the course of osseointegration for immediate loaded implants if primary stability was reached. The regeneration of apical defects was uneventful even with immediate loading. Crestal defects required membrane fixation with a careful flap elevation to avoid membrane exposure and loss of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Neugebauer
- Interdisciplinary Department for Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giovanna Iezzi
- Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Juergen H Fischer
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fouad Khoury
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Schellenstein Private Dental Clinic, Olsberg, Germany
| | | | - Joachim E Zoeller
- Interdisciplinary Department for Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Dereka XE, Markopoulou CE, Mamalis A, Vrotsos IA. Effect of rhBMP-7 combined with two bone grafts on human periodontal ligament cell differentiation. Growth Factors 2009; 27:274-9. [PMID: 19606370 DOI: 10.1080/08977190903112721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) combined with demineralised freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) and an inorganic bovine material with a synthetic peptide (PepGen P-15) on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cell differentiation, in a time-dependent manner. hPDL cells were cultured and treated with: (1) 500 ng/ml of rhBMP-7, (2) 10 mg of DFDBA or PepGen P-15 and (3) their combination. Cell differentiation was estimated after 48 and 72 h by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity and osteocalcin (OC) secretion. The presence of rhBMP-7, DFDBA, PepGen P-15, rhBMP-7 + DFDBA and rhBMP-7+ PepGen P-15 promoted a significant increase of ALPase activity after 48 and 72 h. The combination of rhBMP-7 with DFDBA or PepGen P-15 did not lead to significant OC secretion. The results of this study imply that rhBMP-7 stimulates the early osteoblastic differentiation of hPDL cells and that DFDBA and PepGen P-15 could serve as carriers for rhBMP-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- X E Dereka
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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