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Komatsu K, Matsuura T, Suzumura T, Ogawa T. Genome-wide transcriptional responses of osteoblasts to different titanium surface topographies. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100852. [PMID: 38024842 PMCID: PMC10663851 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the first genome-wide transcriptional profiling study using RNA-sequencing to investigate osteoblast responses to different titanium surface topographies, specifically between machined, smooth and acid-etched, microrough surfaces. Rat femoral osteoblasts were cultured on machine-smooth and acid-etched microrough titanium disks. The culture system was validated through a series of assays confirming reduced osteoblast attachment, slower proliferation, and faster differentiation on microrough surfaces. RNA-sequencing analysis of osteoblasts at an early stage of culture revealed that gene expression was highly correlated (r = 0.975) between the two topographies, but 1.38 % genes were upregulated and 0.37 % were downregulated on microrough surfaces. Upregulated transcripts were enriched for immune system, plasma membrane, response to external stimulus, and positive regulation to stimulus processes. Structural mapping confirmed microrough surface-promoted gene sharing and networking in signaling pathways and immune system/responses. Target-specific pathway analysis revealed that Rho family G-protein signaling pathways and actin genes, responsible for the formation of stress fibers, cytoplasmic projections, and focal adhesion, were upregulated on microrough surfaces without upregulation of core genes triggered by cell-to-cell interactions. Furthermore, disulfide-linked or -targeted extracellular matrix (ECM) or membranous glycoproteins such as laminin, fibronectin, CD36, and thrombospondin were highly expressed on microrough surfaces. Finally, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1, whose co-expression reduces cell proliferation, were upregulated on microrough surfaces. Thus, osteoblasts on microrough surfaces were characterized by upregulation of genes related to a wide range of functions associated with the immune system, stress/stimulus responses, proliferation control, skeletal and cytoplasmic signaling, ECM-integrin receptor interactions, and ECM-membranous glycoprotein interactions, furthering our knowledge of the surface-dependent expression of osteoblastic biomarkers on titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Komatsu
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology and the Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuura
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology and the Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Toshikatsu Suzumura
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology and the Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology and the Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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2
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Feng SW, Su YH, Lin YK, Wu YC, Huang YH, Yang FH, Chiang HJ, Yen Y, Wang PDY. Small blood stem cells for enhancing early osseointegration formation on dental implants: a human phase I safety study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:380. [PMID: 34215319 PMCID: PMC8254299 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small blood stem cells (SB cells), isolated from human peripheral blood, demonstrated the ability to benefit bone regeneration and osseointegration. The primary goal of our study is to examine the safety and tolerability of SB cells in dental implantation for human patients with severe bone defects. Methods Nine patients were enrolled and divided into three groups with SB cell treatment doses of 1 × 105, 1 × 106, and 1 × 107 SB cells, and then evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scans to assess bone mineral density (BMD) by Hounsfield units (HU) scoring. Testing was conducted before treatment and on weeks 4, 6, 8, and 12 post dental implantation. Blood and comprehensive chemistry panel testing were also performed. Results No severe adverse effects were observed for up to 6-month trial. Grade 1 leukocytosis, anemia, and elevated liver function were observed, but related with the patient’s condition or the implant treatment itself and not the transplantation of SB cells. The levels of cytokines and chemokines were detected by a multiplex immunological assay. Elevated levels of eotaxin, FGF2, MCP-1, MDC, and IL17a were found among patients who received SB cell treatment. This observation suggested SB cells triggered cytokines and chemokines for local tissue repair. To ensure the efficacy of SB cells in dental implantation, the BMD and maximum stresses via stress analysis model were measured through CT scanning. All patients who suffered from severe bone defect showed improvement from D3 level to D1 or D2 level. The HU score acceleration can be observed by week 2 after guided bone regeneration (GBR) and prior to dental implantation. Conclusions This phase I study shows that treatment of SB cells for dental implantation is well tolerated with no major adverse effects. The use of SB cells for accelerating the osseointegration in high-risk dental implant patients warrants further phase II studies. Trial registration Taiwan Clinical Trial Registry (SB-GBR001) and clinical trial registry of the United States (NCT04451486). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02461-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Su
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- Research Center of Biostatistics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Wu
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hung Yang
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Jen Chiang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Peter Da-Yen Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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3
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Zhu J, Sun HH, Wo J, Xu FH, Lu WQ, Deng B, Zhu YY, Yuan F. Duration of electrochemical deposition affects the morphology of hydroxyapatite coatings on 3D-printed titanium scaffold as well as the functions of adhered MC3T3-E1 cells. J Orthop Sci 2020; 25:708-714. [PMID: 31607516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of 3D-printed scaffolds in repairing bone defects remains unexplored. We aimed to determine whether the duration of electrochemical deposition (ECD) affects the properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on 3D-printed titanium (TI) scaffolds as well as the corresponding phenotype of MC3T3-E1 cells seeded on these surfaces. METHODS Five groups of HA-coated TI scaffolds were produced using different durations of ECD (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min) and examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion to the HA-coated scaffolds and subsequent proliferation and viability were assessed using SEM, DAPI staining, EdU staining, and Alamar Blue assay, respectively. MC3T3-E1 cell expression of osteogenic genes was analyzed by fluorescence RT-PCR. RESULTS On SEM, longer ECD durations resulted in more compact HA crystals of differing morphology coated onto the TI scaffolds. MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion differed among the five groups (p < 0.05), with the largest number of cells adhered to the scaffolds prepared with 30 min of ECD, followed by the group prepared with 20 min of ECD. However, the ECD duration of 20 min was associated with the highest cell viability and proliferation rate (both p < 0.05) as well as the highest mRNA expression levels of alkaline phosphatase, collagen I, osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor 2 among the five groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the fabrication of HA-coated 3D printed TI scaffolds, an ECD duration of 20 min resulted in scaffolds that best promoted MC3T3-E1 cell viability, proliferation and osteogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Institution of Orthopedics, Northern People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Fei-Hu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, China.
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Asa'ad F, Monje A, Larsson L. Role of epigenetics in alveolar bone resorption and regeneration around periodontal and peri‐implant tissues. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:477-493. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Asa'ad
- Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology ZMK School of Dentistry Bern Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Barcelona Spain
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology Institute of Odontology University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
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Behavior of Human Osteoblast Cells Cultured on Titanium Discs in Relation to Surface Roughness and Presence of Melatonin. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040823. [PMID: 28406458 PMCID: PMC5412407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to observe the behavior of osteoblast cells cultured in vitro on titanium discs in relation to disc surface roughness and the addition of melatonin to the culture medium. MG63 osteoblast cells were cultivated on 120 Grade 5 Ti divided into three groups: Group E, treated with dual acid etch; Group EP, treated with dual acid etch and calcium phosphate; and Group M, machined. Surface roughness was examined under a laser scanning confocal microscope (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The proliferation and morphology of cells were determined under fluorescence microscopy and SEM. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of different genes related to osteoblastic differentiation was quantified by means of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The greatest surface roughness was found in Group EP (Ra 0.354 µm), followed by Group E (Ra 0.266 µm), and Group M (Ra 0.131 µm), with statistically significant differences between the groups (p < 0.001). In the presence of melatonin a trend to a higher cell proliferation was observed in all groups although significant differences were only found in Group M (p = 0.0079). Among the genes studied, a significant increase in phosphate-regulating neutral endopeptidase, X-linked (PHEX) expression was observed in cells cultured on EP discs. The addition of melatonin increased osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, and may favor the osseointegration of dental implants.
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7
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Research of StemBios Cell Therapy on Dental Implants Containing Nanostructured Surfaces: Biomechanical Behaviors, Microstructural Characteristics, and Clinical Trial. IMPLANT DENT 2017; 25:63-73. [PMID: 26473440 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to examine the osseointegration in low-density bone tissue for SLAffinity-treated implants with StemBios (SB) cell therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The morphologies of SLAffinity-treated surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. In the animal model, implants were installed in the mandibular canine-premolar area of 12 miniature pigs. Each pig received 3 implants of machine, sand blasted, large grit, and acid etched, and SLAffinity-treated implants. In the clinical trial, 10 patients received 1 SLAffinity-treated implant in the maxilla in the posterior area and 1 patient with low bone tissue density received 2 SLAffinity-treated implants with SB cell therapy. Resonance frequency analysis and computed tomography were assessed monthly over the first 3 months after implant placement. RESULTS The results demonstrated that surface treatment significantly affected early osseointegration in patients who received SB cell therapy. SB cell therapy transferred the stress caused by the implant more uniformly, and the stress decreased with healing time. SLAffinity-treated implants also proved clinically successful after the 3 months. CONCLUSION The SLAffinity treatments enhanced osseointegration significantly, especially at early stages of bone tissue healing with SB cell therapy.
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Rapid Osseointegration of Titanium Implant With Innovative Nanoporous Surface Modification: Animal Model and Clinical Trial. IMPLANT DENT 2017; 24:441-7. [PMID: 25946663 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES SLAffinity is the hybrid topography consisting of micropits and nanoporous TiO2 layers through electrochemical oxidation to mimic the natural bony environment. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of osseointegration in animal models and to further investigate the stability for implants with SLAffinity-treated surface in the clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Implants were installed in the mandibular canine-premolar area of 12 miniature pigs. Each pig received 2 implants with the same shapes but with different chemical surfaces. In the clinical trial, 25 patients were included. Each patient received 1 SLAffinity-treated implant on the posterior area of either arch. Resonance frequency analysis and computed tomography were assessed weekly over the first 12 weeks after implant placement. RESULTS The results found that surface treatment did affect the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) significantly. Comparison of BIC at 3 weeks in animal study showed that the SLAffinity-treated implants presented significantly higher values than machine surface implants. SLAffinity-treated implants also proved clinically successful through 12 months, ready for prosthodontic restoration. CONCLUSION The effect of SLAffinity treatments enhanced osseointegration significantly, especially at early stages of bone healing. Clinical trial finding, furthermore, ensured that the SLAffinity treatment was a reliable surface modification alternative.
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9
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Yin C, Zhang Y, Cai Q, Li B, Yang H, Wang H, Qi H, Zhou Y, Meng W. Effects of the micro-nano surface topography of titanium alloy on the biological responses of osteoblast. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:757-769. [PMID: 27756111 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yin
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjing Zhang
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Baosheng Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Heling Wang
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Qi
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Meng
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology; Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling; Changchun 130021 People's Republic of China
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Multifunctional commercially pure titanium for the improvement of bone integration: Multiscale topography, wettability, corrosion resistance and biological functionalization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 60:384-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Györgyey Á, Janovák L, Ádám A, Kopniczky J, Tóth KL, Deák Á, Panayotov I, Cuisinier F, Dékány I, Turzó K. Investigation of the in vitro photocatalytic antibacterial activity of nanocrystalline TiO2 and coupled TiO2/Ag containing copolymer on the surface of medical grade titanium. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:55-67. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216633374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial surfaces have been in the focus of research for years, driven by an unmet clinical need to manage an increasing incidence of implant-associated infections. The use of silver has become a topic of interest because of its proven broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and track record as a coating agent of soft tissue implants and catheters. However, for the time being, the translation of these technological achievements for the improvement of the antibacterial property of hard tissue titanium (Ti) implants remains unsolved. In our study, we focused on the investigation of the photocatalysis mediated antibacterial activity of silver (Ag), and Ti nanoparticles instead of their pharmacological effects. We found that the photosensitisation of commercially pure titanium discs by coating them with an acrylate-based copolymer that embeds coupled Ag/Ti nanoparticles can initiate the photocatalytic decomposition of adsorbed S. salivarius after the irradiation with an ordinary visible light source. The clinical isolate of S. salivarius was characterised with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, while the multiplication of the bacteria on the surface of the discs was followed-up by MTT assay. Concerning practical relevance, the infected implant surfaces can be made accessible and irradiated by dental curing units with LED and plasma arc light sources, our research suggests that photocatalytic copolymer coating films may offer a promising solution for the improvement of the antibacterial properties of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Györgyey
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Janovák
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Material Sciences, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Ádám
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Kopniczky
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Ágota Deák
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Material Sciences, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ivan Panayotov
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience, UFR Odontologie, University of Montpellier I, France
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience, UFR Odontologie, University of Montpellier I, France
| | - Imre Dékány
- MTA-SZTE Supramolecular and Nanostructured Materials Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kinga Turzó
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Chiang HJ, Hsu HJ, Peng PW, Wu CZ, Ou KL, Cheng HY, Walinski CJ, Sugiatno E. Early bone response to machined, sandblasting acid etching (SLA) and novel surface-functionalization (SLAffinity) titanium implants: characterization, biomechanical analysis and histological evaluation in pigs. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:397-405. [PMID: 26418567 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine early tissue response and osseointegration in the animal model. The surface morphologies of SLAffinity were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The microstructures were examined by X-ray diffraction, and hardness was measured by nanoindentation. Moreover, the safety and toxicity properties were evaluated using computer-aided programs and cell cytotoxicity assays. In the animal model, implants were installed in the mandibular canine-premolar area of 12 miniature pigs. Each pig received three implants: machine, sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched, and SLAffinity-treated implants. The results showed that surface treatment did affect bone-to-implant contact (BIC) significantly. At 3 weeks, the SLAffinity-treated implants were found to present significantly higher BIC values than the untreated implants. The SLAffinity treatments enhanced osseointegration significantly, especially at early stages of bone tissue healing. As described above, the results of the present study demonstrate that the SLAffinity treatment is a reliable surface modification method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Jen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Jui Hsu
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Peng
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Zong Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei 235, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Christopher J Walinski
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 875 Union Avenue Memphis, TN 38103, USA.,Department of Restorative Dentistry Director of Laser Dentistry, 875 Union Avenue Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Erwan Sugiatno
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Liang J, Song R, Huang Q, Yang Y, Lin L, Zhang Y, Jiang P, Duan H, Dong X, Lin C. Electrochemical construction of a bio-inspired micro/nano-textured structure with cell-sized microhole arrays on biomedical titanium to enhance bioactivity. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Shen X, Ma P, Hu Y, Xu G, Zhou J, Cai K. Mesenchymal stem cell growth behavior on micro/nano hierarchical surfaces of titanium substrates. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 127:221-32. [PMID: 25687093 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography of an orthopedic implant plays an essential role in the regulation of bone formation with surrounding bone tissue. To investigate the effects of surface topography of titanium (Ti) substrates on cellular behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a series of micro/nano hierarchical structures were fabricated onto micro-structured titanium (Micro-Ti) substrates via a sol-gel method with spin-coat technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface profiler, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle measurement were employed to certify the successful fabrication of micro/nano hierarchical structures with the presence of various nano-sized TiO2 grains (20 nm, 40 nm and 80 nm, respectively) onto micro-structured surfaces. The formation mechanism of the micro/nano hierarchical structures was proposed. Moreover, the effects of those hierarchical structures on the growth behavior of MSCs were evaluated both on cellular and molecular levels in vitro. The results confirmed that micro/nano hierarchical structures with large grains (80 nm) greatly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs comparing with other small grains (20 nm and 40 nm). The study provides an alternative for the fabrication of hierarchically structured Ti implants for potential orthopedic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Pingping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Gaoqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Lewallen EA, Riester SM, Bonin CA, Kremers HM, Dudakovic A, Kakar S, Cohen RC, Westendorf JJ, Lewallen DG, van Wijnen AJ. Biological strategies for improved osseointegration and osteoinduction of porous metal orthopedic implants. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 21:218-30. [PMID: 25348836 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The biological interface between an orthopedic implant and the surrounding host tissue may have a dramatic effect upon clinical outcome. Desired effects include bony ingrowth (osseointegration), stimulation of osteogenesis (osteoinduction), increased vascularization, and improved mechanical stability. Implant loosening, fibrous encapsulation, corrosion, infection, and inflammation, as well as physical mismatch may have deleterious clinical effects. This is particularly true of implants used in the reconstruction of load-bearing synovial joints such as the knee, hip, and the shoulder. The surfaces of orthopedic implants have evolved from solid-smooth to roughened-coarse and most recently, to porous in an effort to create a three-dimensional architecture for bone apposition and osseointegration. Total joint surgeries are increasingly performed in younger individuals with a longer life expectancy, and therefore, the postimplantation lifespan of devices must increase commensurately. This review discusses advancements in biomaterials science and cell-based therapies that may further improve orthopedic success rates. We focus on material and biological properties of orthopedic implants fabricated from porous metal and highlight some relevant developments in stem-cell research. We posit that the ideal primary and revision orthopedic load-bearing metal implants are highly porous and may be chemically modified to induce stem cell growth and osteogenic differentiation, while minimizing inflammation and infection. We conclude that integration of new biological, chemical, and mechanical methods is likely to yield more effective strategies to control and modify the implant-bone interface and thereby improve long-term clinical outcomes.
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