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Polcyn R, Capone M, Matzelle D, Lueking B, Walker A, Kau E, Haque A, Banik N. Cytokine/chemokine dysregulation in progressive MS patient is apparent and can be modulated by calpain inhibition. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:255-261. [PMID: 31853829 PMCID: PMC9773329 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the cytokine/chemokine profile of a 62-year-old African American male with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI images of the MS patient demonstrated generalized white matter involvement with multiple lesions in the periventricular area. A 42-plex Discovery Assay® (Eve Technologies) of the patient's plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) supernatant or PBMC-derived T cell supernatant samples from two separate clinic visits revealed vastly differing cytokine/chemokine levels. In addition, certain cytokine/chemokine profiles had notable differences when compared to the larger patient group or patients' PBMCs treated with a calpain inhibitor in vitro. Interestingly, large numbers of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors in MS PBMCs are modulated by calpain inhibition, suggesting the clinical significance of these findings in designing better therapeutics against progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Polcyn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mollie Capone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, MSC606, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Denise Matzelle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, MSC606, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Brittany Lueking
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Aljoeson Walker
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kau
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Naren Banik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, MSC606, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Pytel V, Matías-Guiu JA, Torre-Fuentes L, Montero P, Gómez-Graña Á, García-Ramos R, Moreno-Ramos T, Oreja-Guevara C, Fernández-Arquero M, Gómez-Pinedo U, Matías-Guiu J. Familial multiple sclerosis and association with other autoimmune diseases. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00899. [PMID: 29568694 PMCID: PMC5853641 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoimmune diseases (AID) follow a complex, probably polygenic, pattern of inheritance and often cluster in families of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Our objective was to analyze family patterns and characteristics in families including more than one patient with MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed personal and family history of neurological, systemic, and autoimmune diseases in 84 MS patients from 40 different families. Families were classified in two groups: families with cases of MS in at least two different generations (15 families) and families in which cases of MS belonged to only one generation (25 families). RESULTS The two previously established groups presented different clinical patterns and frequency of association with another AID. In one group, the second generation displayed a higher annual relapse rate than the first generation, higher frequency of progressive forms of MS, and more patients with another AID in addition to MS. Relapsing-remitting forms of MS (RRMS) were more frequent in the other group. CONCLUSIONS Families that include more than one MS patient may show two distinct patterns. This finding seems important for the compression and analysis of genetic information on MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Pytel
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain.,Neurobiology Laboratory Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Torre-Fuentes
- Neurobiology Laboratory Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Paloma Montero
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Álvaro Gómez-Graña
- Neurobiology Laboratory Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Rocío García-Ramos
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Teresa Moreno-Ramos
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Celia Oreja-Guevara
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel Fernández-Arquero
- Department of Immunology Hospital Clínico San Carlos Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Ulises Gómez-Pinedo
- Neurobiology Laboratory Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain.,Neurobiology Laboratory Institute of Neurosciences Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid Spain
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Zhao X, Dai J, Ma Y, Mi Y, Cui D, Ju G, Macklin WB, Jin W. Dynamics of ten-eleven translocation hydroxylase family proteins and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in oligodendrocyte differentiation. Glia 2014; 62:914-26. [PMID: 24615693 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of methylcytosine dioxygenases catalyze oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and promote DNA demethylation. Despite the abundance of 5hmC and TET proteins in the brain, little is known about their role in oligodendrocytes (OLs). Here, we analyzed TET expression during OL development in vivo and in vitro, and found that three TET family members possess unique subcellular and temporal expression patterns. Furthermore, the level of 5hmC exhibits dynamic changes during OL maturation, which implies that 5hmC modification may play a role in the expression of critical genes necessary for OL maturation. siRNA-mediated silencing of the TET family proteins in OLs demonstrated that each of the TET proteins is required for OL differentiation. However, based on their unique domain structures, we speculate that the three TET members may function by different mechanisms. In summary, we have established the temporal expression of TET proteins and the dynamic level of 5hmC during OL development and demonstrate that all three TET members are necessary for OL differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Isobe N, Oksenberg JR. Genetic studies of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica: Current status in European, African American and Asian populations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/cen3.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco CA USA
| | - Jorge R. Oksenberg
- Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco CA USA
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Hemminki K, Sundquist K, Li X. Familial Risks for Main Neurological Diseases in Siblings Based on Hospitalizations in Sweden. Twin Res Hum Genet 2012. [DOI: 10.1375/twin.9.4.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRecent successes in identifying the underlying genetic mechanisms for neurological diseases, particularly for their Mendelian forms, have had profound implications for their diagnostics, treatment and classification. However, there has never been an attempt to compare familial risks in a systematic way among and between the main neurological diseases. Familial risks were here defined for siblings who were hospitalized because of a neurological disease in Sweden. A nationwide database for neurological diseases was constructed by linking the Multigeneration Register of 0- to 69-year-old siblings to the Hospital Discharge Register for the years 1987 to 2001. Standardized risk ratios were calculated for affected sibling pairs by comparing them to those whose siblings had no neurological disease. There were three main results. First, it was shown that all disease groups had a familial risk, with the exception of transient ischemic attacks, and the risks could be ranked from the highest (3451) for Huntington's disease to the lowest (2.1) for inflammatory diseases. Second, increased familial risks were shown for disease subtypes for which susceptibility genes or familial clustering have not been demonstrated previously, including multiple sclerosis, sleep apnea, nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders, and cerebral palsy. Third, based on the available sample size there was no convincing evidence for familial comorbidity between the disease groups, suggesting that the factors causing familial aggregation, probably usually heritable genes, are distinct for each subtype. The high familial risks for neurological disease imply heritable etiology and opportunities for identification of further susceptibility genes.
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Maña P, Fordham SA, Staykova MA, Correcha M, Silva D, Willenborg DO, Liñares D. Demyelination caused by the copper chelator cuprizone halts T cell mediated autoimmune neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 210:13-21. [PMID: 19344958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Revised: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelin reactive T cells are central in the development of the autoimmune response leading to CNS destruction in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Investigations on the mechanisms underlying the activation and expansion of myelin reactive T have stressed the importance of non-autoimmune conditions impinging the autoimmune repertoire potentially involved in the disease. Here, we show that CNS injury caused by the toxic cuprizone results in the generation of immunoreactivity towards several myelin components. Paradoxically, exposure to CNS injury does not increase the susceptibility to develop EAE, but render mice protected to the pathogenic autoimmune response against myelin antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Maña
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra Hospital, Australia
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Risk for multiple sclerosis in relatives and spouses of patients diagnosed with autoimmune and related conditions. Neurogenetics 2008; 10:5-11. [PMID: 18843511 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-008-0156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the era of complex disease genetics, the consideration of familial risks is important in the assessment of the likely success of these studies. In the present article, we study familial risks for multiple sclerosis (MS) among parents and offspring, singleton siblings, twins, and spouses when a family member was diagnosed with MS or any of 33 other autoimmune diseases. The availability of a Multigeneration Register in Sweden provides a reliable access to families throughout the last century. The diseases in individual family members were obtained through linkage to the Hospital Discharge Register. With a total patient population of 425,102 of whom 11,154 were diagnosed with MS, this is the largest population-based family study on these diseases to date. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated for family member of MS patients compared to those lacking an affected family member. SIR for MS was 5.94 (6.12 when parents were aged <73 years) in offspring of affected parents, 6.25 in singleton siblings, 9.09 in twins, and 1.50 (nonsignificant) in spouses; the SIRs did not depend on the gender. The SIRs for MS were 1.84 when a parent was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 1.14 with parental asthma. The overall risk of MS was 1.21 when a parent was diagnosed with any autoimmune disease. The genes, so far associated with MS, explain little of the familial aggregation of MS, calling for further efforts in gene identification. The shared familial risks of MS with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and asthma suggest shared genetic basis.
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Narayan SK, Kumar S, Prabhakar P, Elangovan S, Baumann N, Verma IC. Multiple Sclerosis in Keralite siblings after migration to the Middle East: a report of familial Multiple Sclerosis from India. J Neurol Sci 2007; 260:244-8. [PMID: 17588606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2007.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in two migrant Indian siblings in the Middle East. BACKGROUND MS was thought to be rare in the Indian subcontinent, but, of late, with ready availability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, evoked potential studies and immunoglobulin estimation in this part of the developing world, there have been several reports of definite cases of MS from India. However familial MS remains hitherto unreported from the Indian subcontinent. REPORT A 39-year-old South Indian Hindu female presented with an episode of hemiparesis which remitted with treatment. Three months later she had a relapse in an acute disseminated form, with residual deficits in gait, vision and mental faculties. MRI revealed discrete and confluent plaques in the centrum semiovale. Four years later, her brother was diagnosed to have central demyelinating disease with discrete and confluent plaques in the cervical cord and corona radiata when he presented at age 39 with neck pain and episodic tonic spasms in the lower limbs. Leucodystrophies were ruled out through appropriate biochemical tests. Cases satisfied diagnostic criteria for MS and were confirmed by follow up. HLA associations were studied. Starting a decade after migration from the South Indian state of Kerala to the Middle East, the disease had slow secondary progression in the female but a stable benign course, so far, in the male sibling. CONCLUSIONS/RELEVANCE This is the first case report of familial MS from the Indian subcontinent. Onset of MS in South Indian siblings after several years of stay in the Middle East may support aetiological postulations of gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Narayan
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry-6, India.
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Hemminki K, Li X, Johansson SE, Sundquist K, Sundquist J. Re: "Familial risk of multiple sclerosis: a nationwide cohort study". Am J Epidemiol 2006; 163:873-4. [PMID: 16554342 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwj130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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