Epstein-Barr Virus-Negative Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder With Coexisting Native Renal Cell Carcinoma: PET/CT Demonstration

Coexistence of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Ganglioneuroblastoma Revealed by 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a Pediatric Patient

ABSTRACT

Coexistence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis and ganglioneuroblastoma is rare and seldom reported in the literature. A 3-year-old girl with Langerhans cell histiocytosis underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging for staging, which demonstrated significant 18 F-FDG accumulation in the mandibles. Unexpectedly, a mild hypermetabolic soft mass was detected in the upper retroperitoneum. Results of surgical pathology of the abdominal mass were consistent with ganglioneuroblastoma.

Synchronous second primary neoplasms detected by initial staging F-18 FDG PET/CT examination in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Cases of synchronous non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and second primary carcinoma in previously untreated immunocompetent patients are relatively rare. The aim of this part of our prospective study was to a revealed 2-F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-positive lesion in an extranodal organ suggestive of second primary neoplasm in newly diagnosed NHL patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 209 patients with NHL underwent initial staging F-18 FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). The finding was assessed by a radiologist, nuclear medicine physician, and hematologist. In 6 suspicious cases (2.9%) of second neoplasm, the decision was made to perform further investigations before lymphoma therapy.

RESULTS

Two patients were diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma, 1 with esophageal adenocarcinoma, 1 with invasive ductal breast carcinoma, 1 with medullary thyroid carcinoma, and 1 with squamous cell lung carcinoma. In 5 of the 6 patients, the second solid tumor was completely asymptomatic and revealed only by F-18 FDG PET/CT examination.

CONCLUSIONS

We conclude that in patients with NHL, appropriate imaging, clinical, and histologic analysis of organ lesions detected by F-18 FDG PET/CT will occasionally demonstrate significant synchronous neoplasms.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the right kidney on FDG PET-CT

We report the PET-CT appearance of a newly diagnosed, biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of the right kidney in a 61-year-old man who presented with hematuria. This is a rare tumor, with few cases reported in the literature. The patient subsequently underwent right nephrectomy shortly after the initial staging PET-CT study.