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Chen YX, Deng ZH, Zhao H, Zhou BY, Guo JJ, Zeng G, Qian JX. Bronchobiliary fistula in a patient with liver cancer. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:523-525. [PMID: 36732113 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Bi-Ying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Gang Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jin-Xian Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China.
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Abdurabuh E, Khairo M, Bakhsh A, Alsharif M, AlYamani W. Use heat with caution! Pleurobiliary fistula after hepatocellular carcinoma microwave ablation in lymphoma patient: A case study. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:3871-3876. [PMID: 35982719 PMCID: PMC9379976 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal ablation by microwave ablation (MWA) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a frequently used technique for hepatic lesion treatment due to its low rate of complications. Surgery, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and yttrium-90 (Y-90) transarterial radioembolization (TARE) are other ways to treat hepatic lesions. Thoracobiliary fistula (TBF) is a rare side effect of thermal ablation. Other side effects include vascular injury, damage to the biliary system, and infection. We present the case of a 62-year-old male patient who has a history of lymphoma and was diagnosed with a hepaticellular carcinoma lesion on follow-up CT in segment VII, which appeared in close relation to the right diaphragm. The patient had been through several interventional procedures, including Y-90 therapy, TACE, and MWA with thermal impact, which resulted in a biloma forming and ramping up the progression of pleurobiliary fistula, which is confirmed by HIDA scan, this case highlights the significance of monitoring patients after thermal ablation, particularly in cases of large justa-diaphragmatic tumors, to detect any diaphragmatic or biliary tree injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etedal Abdurabuh
- Department of Radiology, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mutaz Khairo
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aquib Bakhsh
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Alsharif
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael AlYamani
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ma Y, Chen Z, Liang B, Li R, Li J, Li Z, Lin M, Niu L. Irreversible Electroporation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Abutting the Diaphragm: A Prospective Single-center Study. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:190-196. [PMID: 35528984 PMCID: PMC9039715 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging local ablation therapy which may be effective for unresectable tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous IRE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) abutting the diaphragm. METHODS A total of 26 participants with 39 tumors abutting the diaphragm were prospectively evaluated between July 2015 and September 2018. Complications associated with IRE were recorded, and the survival benefit of IRE was analyzed. The factors associated with time to local tumor progression (LTP) were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. RESULTS No major complications or treatment-related deaths occurred. The technical success rate was 96.2% (25/26) and complete ablation rate was 92.3% (36/39). The median follow-up period was 16.7 months (range: 3.0-43.0 months), the LTP occurred in 15.2% of tumors and median time to LTP was 20.4 months. Overall, tumor size (hazard ratio: 1.24 [95% confidence interval: 0.38, 3.81], p=0.03) was the only factor associated with time to LTP. CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time that percutaneous IRE is a safe and effective ablation technology for HCC abutting the diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Ma
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianyu Li
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Lizhi Niu, Department of Oncology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Tangde Xi Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China. Tel: +86-20-38993994, E-mail: ; Mao Lin, Central Laboratory, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Tangde Xi Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China. Tel: +86-20-38993011, E-mail:
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Lizhi Niu, Department of Oncology, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Tangde Xi Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China. Tel: +86-20-38993994, E-mail: ; Mao Lin, Central Laboratory, Affiliated Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University, Tangde Xi Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, China. Tel: +86-20-38993011, E-mail:
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Tsang SH, Ma KW, She WH, Chu F, Lau V, Lam SW, Cheung TT, Lo CM. High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of liver tumors in difficult locations. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:56-64. [PMID: 34420450 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1933217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been shown to be a valuable tool in the management of small liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been shown to be a safe and effective means to ablate small HCC even in the presence of advanced cirrhosis. This review examines the challenges faced during HIFU ablation when the target tumors are located in difficult locations such as the liver dome, close to the rib cage, near large blood vessels or the heart, or adjacent to hollow viscera; and the special maneuvers employed to tackle such lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon H Tsang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Wing Ma
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wong Hoi She
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ferdinand Chu
- Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vince Lau
- Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuk Wan Lam
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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5
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Biliothoracic Fistula after Microwave Ablation of Liver Metastasis : Literature Review. Emerg Med Int 2021; 2021:9913076. [PMID: 34123430 PMCID: PMC8170678 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9913076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microwave ablation is a safe and effective interventional approach, widely used in the treatment of unresectable primary or metastatic hepatic lesions. Thoracobiliary fistula is a rare postablation complication that can be treated with a conservative or surgical approach. We reviewed aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostic possibilities, and therapeutic options for biliothoracic fistula developed after microwave ablation of liver metastasis. Furthermore, we reported our experience of successful conservative management of a nonhealing thoracobiliary fistula occurred after percutaneous thermal ablation of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Our case supports a conservative approach based on percutaneous biliary system decompression and synthetic glue embolization for the treatment of combined biliopleural and biliobronchial fistula.
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Chen J, Lin Z, Lin Q, Lin R, Yan Y, Chen J. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for small hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatic dome under MR-guidance: clinical safety and efficacy. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 37:192-201. [PMID: 32066293 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1728397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using multitined expandable electrodes under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in the hepatic dome.Materials and methods: The data of 49 patients with 50 HCC lesions in the hepatic dome who underwent MRI-guided RFA from April 2010 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Planning, targeting, and controlling were performed under MR-guidance during the procedure. The complications after RFA were observed. Follow-up MRI was performed to evaluate the curative effect. The local progression-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve.Results: The procedures were successfully accomplished in all patients without major complications. The mean follow-up time was 36.9 ± 25.8 months (range, 3-99 months). Technical success was 100% after one RFA session with MRI assessment after 1 month. Local tumor progression was observed in one patient (2%) with the lesion located in the hepatic dome at 4 months on a subsequent follow-up MRI. The progression-free survival time was 25.0 ± 22.7 months (median, 17.0 months). The 1-,3-, and 5-year local tumor progression-free survival rates were all 98.0%. The 1-,3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 68.1%, 39.9%, and 28.5%, respectively, and the estimated overall survival rates were 93.7%, 76.3%, and 54.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Planning, targeting, and controlling of RFA were well supported by MRI with acceptable time. MRI-guided RFA for small HCCs in the hepatic dome is safe and effective with fewer RF sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruixiang Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Takakusagi S, Hoshino T, Takagi H, Naganuma A, Yokoyama Y, Kizawa K, Marubashi K, Kosone T, Watanabe A, Kubo N, Araki K, Harimoto N, Shirabe K, Nobusawa S, Zennyoji D, Shimizu T, Sato K, Kakizaki S, Uraoka T. The development of broncho-biliary fistula after treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a report of two cases. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 14:229-237. [PMID: 33099725 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Broncho-biliary fistula (BBF) is a rare but severe disorder defined as abnormal communication between the biliary system and bronchial tree. Cases of BBF have occasionally been reported, but no standard treatment has been established. We report two cases of BBF that developed after the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and reviewed the relevant literature. Case 1, a man in his early eighties was diagnosed with BBF 4 months after undergoing surgical resection for HCC (diameter, 7 cm; location, segments 4 and 5). Percutaneous drainage and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) improved BBF without recurrence for more than a year. Case 2, a woman in her late sixties was diagnosed with BBF after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for HCC. Although the BBF was treated with ENBD, bronchial occlusion, and percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization, these treatments were unsuccessful and the patient died. Although non-invasive treatments have been developed, refractory BBF still exists. The prediction of BBF and the development of more effective treatments are necessary to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takakusagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Naganuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan
| | - Yozo Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Kyoko Marubashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Takashi Kosone
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kusunoki Hospital, 607-22 Fujioka, Fujioka, Gunma, 375-0024, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Norio Kubo
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Araki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Norifumi Harimoto
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sumihito Nobusawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Dan Zennyoji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Satoru Kakizaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0829, Japan.
| | - Toshio Uraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
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Huang ZM, Zuo MX, Gu YK, Lai CX, Pan QX, Yi XC, Zhang TQ, Huang JH. Bronchobiliary fistula after ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to the diaphragm: Case report and literature review. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1233-1238. [PMID: 32147969 PMCID: PMC7180580 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare, but life‐threatening complication after ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Few cases of bronchobiliary fistula have been reported and the treatment is controversial. Methods From 2006 to 2019, a total of 11 patients were diagnosed with bronchobiliary fistula after ablation and received nonsurgical treatment. Results All 11 patients presented with cough and bilioptysis. There were only two patients in which MRI revealed an obvious fistulous tract connecting the pleural effusion and biliary lesions. Pleural effusion, liver abscess and hepatic biloma were found in other patients. Three patients died of uncontrolled bronchobiliary fistula. Conclusions Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare post‐ablation complication but should be taken into consideration in clinical decisions. Minimally invasive interventional treatment is a relatively effective means of dealing with bronchobiliary fistula, but as for the more severe cases, greater clinical experience is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Huang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Zuo
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Kui Gu
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huangpu People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Pan
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, TCM Hospital of Ruichang, Ruichang, China
| | - Tian-Qi Zhang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Hua Huang
- Department of Minimal invasive intervention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Hsieh YC, Limquiaco JL, Lin CC, Chen WT, Lin SM. Radiofrequency ablation following artificial ascites and pleural effusion creation may improve outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk locations. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44:1141-1151. [PMID: 30460530 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) following artificial ascites (AA) and artificial pleural effusion (AP) creation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible patients were divided into 2 study periods (non-AAAP and AAAP groups) with AAAP performed in the latter period. Local tumor progression, primary technique effectiveness and complications were compared between patients with and without AAAP. Cumulative probability of local tumor progression and overall survival were estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS One hundred thirty-eight patients with 195 tumors were evaluated. AAAP was performed in 48 patients with 76 tumors. Local tumor progression rates at 12 and 24 months were 9.3% and 22.2% in the non-AAAP group versus 5.5% and 9% in the AAAP group (p < 0.0001). Primary technique effectiveness was achieved in 76.5% of the non-AAAP group versus 89.5% of the AAAP group (p = 0.046). Night (7.6%) major complications occurred in the non-AAAP group and 2 (2.6%) cases occurred in the AAAP group. Therapy-oriented severity grading system after RFA was lower in the AAAP group (p = 0.02). Overall survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 85.6% and 77.7% in the non-AAAP group versus 97.2% and 89.7% in the AAAP group (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION RFA following AA and AP for high-risk located HCC may improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chung Hsieh
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jenny L Limquiaco
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Chen-Chun Lin
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ming Lin
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan.
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10
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Jha P, Joshi BD, Jha BK. Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm, bronchobiliary fistula in a patient with liver trauma. BMC Surg 2018; 18:97. [PMID: 30419882 PMCID: PMC6233285 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-018-0437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchobiliary fistula and hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm are rare complications of hepatic trauma. There are isolated case reports for both pseudoaneurysm and bronchobiliary fistula following hepatic trauma but there aren't reports of both conditions developing in a single patient. CASE PRESENTATION This case describes an 18 year old hindu male who developed right hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm and bronchobiliary fistula following blunt abdominal trauma. Patient was managed with exploratory laparotomy followed by coil embolization and Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography stenting respectively. CONCLUSION Rare complications of liver trauma include pseudoaneurysm and bronchobiliary fistula. These complications can rarely co- exist in a single patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Jha
- Alka Hospital Private Limited, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Nepal.
| | | | - Binit Kumar Jha
- Department of Surgery, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
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11
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Xi XJ, Zhang Y, Yin YH, Li H, Ma DD, Qu YQ. Bronchobiliary fistula following radiofrequency ablation for liver metastases from breast cancer: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12760. [PMID: 30412067 PMCID: PMC6221629 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare clinical condition which is characterized by a channel between biliary tract and bronchial tree. BBF can present with fever, dyspnea, and cough. However, it can be easily misdiagnosed as biliary vomiting, dyspnea, or even severe pneumonia. PATIENT CONCERNS A 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with breast cancer in April 2011 and underwent radical mastectomy and lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient suffered from bone metastasis during the 1st year and liver metastasis during the 2nd year after radical mastectomy. In 2013, the patient underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy twice for liver metastasis. The patient was then treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in 2016. Unfortunately, the patient developed a cough with bitter-tasting yellow sputum and chest tightness 2 weeks after the RFA treatment. Approximately 6 months later, the patient still complained of a cough with yellow sputum and persistent chest tightness. The patient was then admitted to our department. DIAGNOSES The presence of bile in the sputum supported a diagnosis of BBF. Bronchoscopy was performed, and the presence of bile in the lavage fluid confirmed the diagnosis of BBF. INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated with antibiotics including sulbactam, cefoperazone, levofloxacin and meropenem, was well as hepatoprotectants, nutritional support and other supportive treatments in our department. OUTCOMES The patient died because of liver failure. LESSONS This case demonstrates that we should consider the possibility of BBF when patients experience a recurrent cough with discolored sputum after RFA. In particular, a diagnosis of BBF should be considered in patients who do not respond to antibiotic treatment.
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12
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Wang C, Yang Z, Xia J, Wang W, Chen W, Wang Q. Bronchobiliary fistula after multiple transcatheter arterial chemoembolizations for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29541470 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare condition, defined as an abnormal communication between the bronchial system and the biliary tree. Patients with this condition usually present with massive biliptysis, and the mortality rate is high. BBF has been reported to occur in patients with congenital conditions, complications of trauma, hepatic abscesses and biliary tract obstruction (surgical as well as non-surgical). However, to the best of our knowledge, BBF as a complication of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported to date. We herein report a case of BBF developing as a complication following TACE in a 71-year-old male patient with HCC. The patient was treated by placement of a metallic biliary stent followed by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage to decompress the intrahepatic biliary tree, and his symptoms were immediately relieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoye Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengqiang Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jinguo Xia
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Wenhua Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
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13
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Gao F, Wang GB, Xiang ZW, Yang B, Xue JB, Mo ZQ, Zhong ZH, Zhang T, Zhang FJ, Fan WJ. A preoperative mathematic model for computed tomographic guided microwave ablation treatment of hepatic dome tumors. Oncotarget 2017; 7:25949-59. [PMID: 27028994 PMCID: PMC5041956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to prospectively evaluate the feasibility and safety of a preoperative mathematic model for computed tomographic(CT) guided microwave(MW) ablation treatment of hepatic dome tumors. Methods This mathematic model was a regular cylinder quantifying appropriate puncture routes from the bottom up. A total of 103 patients with hepatic dome tumors were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups based on whether this model was used or not: Group A (using the model; n = 43) versus Group B (not using the model; n = 60). All tumors were treated by CT-guided MW ablation and follow-up contrast CT were reviewed. Results The average number of times for successful puncture, average ablation time, and incidence of right shoulder pain were less in Group A than Group B (1.4 vs. 2.5, P = 0.001; 8.8 vs. 11.1 minutes, P = 0.003; and 4.7% vs. 20%, P = 0.039). The technical success rate was higher in Group A than Group B (97.7% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.032). There were no significant differences between the two groups in primary and secondary technique efficacy rates (97.7% vs. 88.3%, P = 0.081; 90.0% vs. 72.7%, P = 0.314). No major complications occurred in both groups. Conclusion The mathematic model of regular cylinder is feasible and safe for CT-guided MW ablation in treating hepatic dome tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Guo-Bao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Zhan-Wang Xiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Jing-Bing Xue
- Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Zhi-Qiang Mo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Wei-Jun Fan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
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14
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Baleato-González S, Vieira-Leite C, Alvárez-Castro AM, García-Figueiras R. Demonstration of a bronchobiliary fistula using magnetic resonance image with hepatospecific contrast agent. RADIOLOGIA 2017; 59:540-543. [PMID: 28495458 DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistulas are a rare entity of difficult diagnosis. The utility of magnetic resonance image (MRI) with hepatospecific contrast agents to demonstrate such condition is seldom described in the literature. This case reports a patient with pulmonary infection with a past history of hepatic surgery for hydatid disease in whom the presence of bile in the sputum rose the suspicious of a bronchobiliary fistula. MRI with hepatospecific contrast agents showed the communication between the biliary and bronchial tree and provided anatomic data to allow a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baleato-González
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), España
| | - C Vieira-Leite
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), España.
| | - A M Alvárez-Castro
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), España
| | - R García-Figueiras
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), España
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15
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Zeng Z, Cai M, Huang W, Huang J, Chen X, Shan H, Zhu K. Delayed bronchobiliary fistula following radiofrequency ablation in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report and lesson regarding treatment. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3213-3217. [PMID: 27123093 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare complication of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma. The rupture of a biloma following RFA may result in the development of BBF, with their early detection and timely management important in the prevention of BBF. The current study presents a case of BBF, which developed at 17 months after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), due to biloma rupture in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the percutaneous drainage of the biloma following BBF, the persistent fever did not resolve due to biliary infection. Finally, an extensive surgical intervention was performed. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans that had been performed following RFA were reviewed, and it was found that the biloma and increased bile leakage had presented prior to biloma rupture. For that reason, it is advised that patients who present with biloma following RFA should receive regular follow-up MRI scans. Biloma enlargement could be a predictor for the development of BBF; therefore, timely drainage of an enlarging biloma may be able to prevent this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Cai
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Wensou Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jingjun Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Hong Shan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Kangshun Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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16
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Rectouterine fistula after laparoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of a uterine fibroid. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2014; 57:553-6. [PMID: 25469349 PMCID: PMC4245354 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2014.57.6.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the conservative management of uterine fibroids is radiofrequency ablation (RFA) considered to be one of the safe, effective and minimal invasive approaches in selected women who desire to retain their uterus. Few studies were conducted on its adverse outcomes and most of the reported complications were minor events such as pain, discharge, adhesion which didn't require any intervention. However, although safe and effective, the RFA of a uterine myoma can be the cause for severe complications such as penetration and burn injuries of pelvic organs. In general, a rectouterine fistula is one of the rarest complications but can lead to serious adverse outcomes. Herein, to our knowledge, we report the first case involving a rectouterine fistula after laparoscopic ultrasound-guided RFA of a uterine myoma with pelvic endometriosis. In addition, we provide a brief review of the relevant literature.
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17
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Kontoravdis N, Panagiotopoulos N, Lawrence D. The challenging management of hepatopulmonary fistulas. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:1336-9. [PMID: 25276379 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.07.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatopulmonary fistula although benign in nature carries an unacceptable mortality risk up to 10.3% in some case series mainly due to surgical complications. From the first description by Ferguson and Burford in 1967 till present different approaches have been applied and with the introduction of less invasive techniques the results have significantly improved. Interestingly the prevalence of the different etiological factors has changed over the years especially with the advance of liver ablating techniques and surgery. A step by step approach to this entity, from diagnosis to treatment has to be reestablished in order to identify the role of interventional modalities and to develop a management algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kontoravdis
- 1 Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Panagiotopoulos
- 1 Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London, UK
| | - David Lawrence
- 1 Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London, UK
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18
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Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has gained a wide acceptance as a first-line therapeutic option for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For very early-stage HCC, despite a higher rate of local tumour progression, RFA is considered as a viable alternative to surgical resection owing to its comparable long-term survival, reduced morbidity, and greater preservation of hepatic parenchyma. For HCCs larger than 2 cm, RFA can contribute to near-curative therapy when combined with chemoembolization. RFA can be used as part of a multimodal treatment strategy for more advanced or recurrent cases, and could be a useful bridging therapy for patients who are waiting for liver transplantation. However, the use of RFA is still limited in treating large tumours and some tumours in high-risk locations. To overcome its current limitations, other ablation techniques are being developed and it is important to validate the role of other techniques for enhancing performance of ablation therapy for HCC.
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19
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Kim KR, Thomas S. Complications of image-guided thermal ablation of liver and kidney neoplasms. Semin Intervent Radiol 2014; 31:138-48. [PMID: 25049443 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Image-guided thermal ablation is a widely accepted tool in the treatment of a variety of solid organ neoplasms. Among the different techniques of ablation, radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and microwave ablation have been most commonly used and investigated in the treatment of liver and kidney neoplasms. This article will review complications following thermal ablation of tumors in the liver and kidney, and discuss the risks and clinical presentation of each complication as well as how to treat and potentially avoid complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Rae Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sarah Thomas
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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20
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Jin X, Yi L, Lin A, Yao Y, Yang W, Chu PG, Yen C, Qiu W. Bronchobiliary fistula from foreign body reaction or cholelithiasis. SURGICAL PRACTICE 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-1633.2012.00634.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotai Jin
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Lin Yi
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Andy Lin
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Yongliang Yao
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Peiguo G. Chu
- Department of Pathology; City of Hope National Medical Center; Duarte California USA
| | - Christina Yen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology; City of Hope National Medical Center; Duarte California USA
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Department of Surgery; Ruijin Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
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21
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Kim DH, Choi DW, Choi SH, Heo JS, Jeong J, Rhu J. Surgical treatment of bronchobiliary fistula due to radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SURGERY 2013; 17:135-8. [PMID: 26155228 PMCID: PMC4304527 DOI: 10.14701/kjhbps.2013.17.3.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare complication of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), in which there is abnormal communications between the biliary tract and the bronchial trees. Surgery should only be considered for BBF when non-invasive interventions have failed. In this report, we describe the surgical management for BBF when complicated by an abscess that was encountered after RFA in a 52-year-old woman with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). She had previously undergone central bisectionectomy of HCC 7 years ago, and had been treated with a sixth transarterial chemoembolization and first RFA for recurrent HCC after the operation. After the liver abscess and BBF occurred in the posterior section of the liver, she received posterior sectionectomy and hepaticojejunostomy, drainage of the lung abscess, diaphragmatic resection and repair because it was impossible to drain the abscess radiologically. Symptomatic improvements were being achieved through operative treatments where pleural effusion and pneumonic consolidation was obliterated on a 2-months follow-up image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Ho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Heo
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehong Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Rhu
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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22
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El-Gendi A, El-Shafei M, Abdel-Aziz F, Bedewy E. Intraoperative ablation for small HCC not amenable for percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in Child A cirrhotic patients. J Gastrointest Surg 2013. [PMID: 23179908 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-012-2085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was initially started by radiologists as a percutaneous treatment, but surgeons started to use RFA by surgical approach for patients with tumors at locations difficult for the percutaneous procedure. The aim was to evaluate the results of intraoperative RFA for small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) (<3 cm) in locations difficult for a percutaneous approach. METHODS Two hundred forty-seven patients with small solitary HCC (<3 cm) were treated; 196 via percutaneous RFA while 51 patients presented at sites not amenable for percutaneous route. Twenty-seven out of 51 patients underwent surgical resection, while 24/51 patients underwent intraoperative RFA. RESULTS The location and depth of the tumor from the liver capsule was the only significant factors in the choice of the surgeon between resection and RFA. RFA was successful in all tumors (complete ablation rate of 100 %). In the surgery group, all patients achieved R0 resection. Complication rate was comparable (p = 1.0). After a median follow-up of 37 months (range, 10-45 months), no tumors showed neither local progression nor local recurrence and no significant difference was observed between two groups as regards early recurrence and number of de novo lesions (p = 0.49). One-year and 3-year survival rates were 93 % and 81 %, respectively, in the resection group comparable to the corresponding rates of 92 % and 74 % in the RFA group (p = 0.9). CONCLUSION For small HCC in locations difficult for a percutaneous approach, intraoperative RFA can be an alternative option for deep-seated tumors necessitating more than one segmentectomy achieving similar tumor control, and overall and disease-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Gendi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, El Sultan Hussein Street, El-Azarita, Khartom Square, Alexandria, 21131, Egypt.
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23
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Howenstein MJ, Sato KT. Complications of radiofrequency ablation of hepatic, pulmonary, and renal neoplasms. Semin Intervent Radiol 2012; 27:285-95. [PMID: 22550368 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous thermal ablation has emerged as a viable technique for treatment of numerous solid organ malignancies. As the number of these procedures increases, so do the complications that are seen. Most common complications are generally related to bleeding from the target organ during or after the procedure and from thermal injury to adjacent structures. The nature of these injuries depends on the particular organ being treated, therefore it it best to categorize them this way. We will review the more common complications seen following the ablation of tumors in the liver, kidney, and lung, discuss the clinical presentation associated with each, and suggest precautions to help avoid them in the future. Understanding the potential risks associated with this procedure is critical for treatment planning and fundamental for performing these procedures safely.
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24
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Lee JH, Kim MS, Lee JG, Kim DS, Yang HJ, Cho DH, Kang KW. A Case of Bronchobiliary Fistula as a Complication of Radiofrequency Ablation. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2012. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2012.72.2.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jae Gon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hae Jin Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Dae Hyeon Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Woo Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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25
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Lambie H, Cook A, Scarsbrook A, Lodge J, Robinson P, Chowdhury F. Tc99m- hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scintigraphy in clinical practice. Clin Radiol 2011; 66:1094-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2011.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Biliobronchial fistula after liver surgery for giant hydatid cyst. HPB SURGERY : A WORLD JOURNAL OF HEPATIC, PANCREATIC AND BILIARY SURGERY 2011; 2011:347654. [PMID: 21960731 PMCID: PMC3179881 DOI: 10.1155/2011/347654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background.
Biliobronchial fistula (BBF) is a rare
complication in the natural history of liver
hydatid disease by Echinococcus
granulosus. We present a case of BBF
after resection of a giant liver hydatid cyst in
a 72-year-old woman. Case
Report. A total cystpericystectomy was
done, leaving the left lateral section of the
liver that was fixed to the diaphragm.
Postoperatively, the patient developed
obstructive jaundice. An ERCP showed an
obstruction at the junction of the left biliary
duct and the main biliary duct and contrast
leak. At reoperation, the main duct was ischemic,
likely due to torsion along its longitudinal
axis. A hepatotomy was done at the hilar plate,
and the biliary duct was dissected and
anastomosed to a Roux-en-Y jejunal loop. She was
discharged without complications. Five months
later, the patient developed cholangitis and was
successfully treated with antibiotics. However,
she suffered repeated respiratory infections, and
four months later she was admitted to the
hospital with fever, cough, bilioptysis, and
right lower lobe pneumonia. The diagnosis of BBF
was confirmed with 99mTc Mebrofenin
scintigraphy. At transhepatic cholangiography,
bile duct dilation was seen, with a
biliothoracic leak. She underwent dilatation
of cholangiojejunostomy stricture with
placement of an external-internal catheter. The
catheter was removed 3.5 months later, and two
years later the patient remains in very good
condition. Conclusion. An
indirect treatment of the BBF by percutaneous
transhepatic dilation of the biliary stenosis
avoided a more invasive treatment, with
satisfactory outcome.
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27
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Liao GQ, Wang H, Zhu GY, Zhu KB, Lv FX, Tai S. Management of acquired bronchobiliary fistula: A systematic literature review of 68 cases published in 30 years. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:3842-9. [PMID: 21987628 PMCID: PMC3181447 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i33.3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To outline the appropriate diagnostic methods and therapeutic options for acquired bronchobiliary fistula (BBF).
METHODS: Literature searches were performed in Medline, EMBASE, PHMC and LWW (January 1980-August 2010) using the following keywords: biliobronchial fistula, bronchobiliary fistula, broncho-biliary fistula, biliary-bronchial fistula, tracheobiliary fistula, hepatobronchial fistula, bronchopleural fistula, and biliptysis. Further articles were identified through cross-referencing.
RESULTS: Sixty-eight cases were collected and reviewed. BBF secondary to tumors (32.3%, 22/68), including primary tumors (19.1%, 13/68) and hepatic metastases (13.2%, 9/68), shared the largest proportion of all cases. Biliptysis was found in all patients, and other symptoms were respiratory symptoms, such as irritating cough, fever (36/68) and jaundice (20/68). Half of the patients were treated by less-invasive methods such as endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage. Invasive approaches like surgery were used less frequently (41.7%, 28/67). The outcome was good at the end of the follow-up period in 28 cases (range, 2 wk to 72 mo), and the recovery rate was 87.7% (57/65).
CONCLUSION: The clinical diagnosis of BBF can be established by sputum analysis. Careful assessment of this condition is needed before therapeutic procedure. Invasive approaches should be considered only when non-invasive methods failed.
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28
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Mann CD, Metcalfe MS, Lloyd DM, Maddern GJ, Dennison AR. The safety and efficacy of ablative techniques adjacent to the hepatic vasculature and biliary system. ANZ J Surg 2010; 80:41-9. [PMID: 20575879 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.05174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ablative techniques may provide an alternative to resection in treating awkwardly placed hepatic malignancy adjacent to major vascular and biliary structures. The heat-sink effect may reduce efficacy adjacent to major vascular structures. Vascular occlusion improves efficacy but is associated with increased vascular and biliary complications. The safety and efficacy of ablation in these situations remain to be defined. Further studies comparing both safety and efficacy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Mann
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, UK.
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29
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High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation: Effective and Safe Therapy for Solid Tumors in Difficult Locations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010; 195:W245-52. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.09.3321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Petrolati A, Pacella CM, Nasoni S, Rossi Z, Altavilla N, Cipolla R, Fenderico P, Forlini G, Stasi R. Management of biliobronchial fistula with octreotide: a case report. Am J Gastroenterol 2009; 104:2638-9. [PMID: 19806104 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2009.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma abutting the diaphragm: the value of artificial ascites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:371-80. [PMID: 18463915 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-008-9408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US)-guided percutanoeus radiofrequency (RF) ablation is difficult to perform for treating a hepatic tumor abutting the diaphragm due to a poor sonic window and high risk of diaphragmatic thermal injury. RF ablation with assistance of the use of artificial ascites is a simple and safe technique for treating a hepatic dome tumor abutting the diaphragm. One can improve the sonic window and separate the RF ablation zone from the diaphragm by downward displacement of the liver with the use of a simple and inexpensive technique. Dextrose water solution is an ideal fluid due to its nonionic nature. Complications related to the use of artificial ascites including hemoperitoneum are rare. Peritoneal adhesion and tumor location in the bare area are the limitations for the application of this technique.
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Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma abutting the diaphragm and gastrointestinal tracts with the use of artificial ascites: safety and technical efficacy in 143 patients. Eur Radiol 2009; 19:2630-40. [PMID: 19557416 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-009-1463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with the use of artificial ascites for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) adjacent to the diaphragm and gastrointestinal tract. One hundred forty-three patients with 181 HCCs who underwent US-guided percutaneous RFA with the use of artificial ascites were retrospectively reviewed. Among the 181 HCCs, 148 HCCs were defined as problematic nodules for two major reasons: poor sonic window or possible thermal injury. We artificially induced ascites before performing RFA by dripping 5% dextrose in a water solution. We assessed the technical success of introducing artificial ascites, technical feasibility of the use of artificial ascites and complications. The technical success rate, as well as the primary and secondary technique success rate, was assessed by regular follow-up CT examinations. RFA with artificial ascites was successfully achieved in 130 of 143 patients. The primary technique effectiveness was 85.3%. During follow-up (mean, 20.4 months), remote intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 49 patients and local tumor progression occurred in 15 patients. Three (2.1%) of the 143 patients experienced major complications (hemoperitoneum, lobar infarction and biloma) related to the RFA procedure. The use of artificial ascites is a simple and useful technique to minimize collateral thermal injury and to improve the sonic window.
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Yoon DH, Shim JH, Lee WJ, Kim PN, Shin JH, Kim KM. Percutaneous management of a bronchobiliary fistula after radiofrequency ablation in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Korean J Radiol 2009; 10:411-5. [PMID: 19568472 PMCID: PMC2702053 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2009.10.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure for the treatment of hepatic tumors. While RFA is associated with relatively low morbidity, sporadic bronchobiliary fistulae due to thermal damage may occur after RFA, although the incidence is rare. We describe a patient with a bronchobiliary fistula complicated by a liver abscess that occurred after RFA. This fistula was obliterated after placement of an external drainage catheter into the liver abscess for eight weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YS, Rhim H, Lim HK. Imaging after radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2009; 30:49-66. [PMID: 19358437 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is now increasingly used as a first-line therapeutic modality for small malignant hepatic tumors in many parts of the world. The importance of radiological imaging at follow-up to assess therapeutic effectiveness, presence of complications, and recurrences cannot be overemphasized, as RFA treatment is minimally invasive and locally applied. A broad spectrum of imaging findings obtained by the use of various modalities has been reported by many investigators. In this review, we describe findings, including chronologic changes of the ablation zones, both local and remote recurrences, and complications that occur after RFA of the liver as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the use of each imaging modality for a specific situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Annovazzi A, Viceconte G, Romano L, Sciuto R, Maini CL. Detection of a suspected bronchobiliary fistula by hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Ann Nucl Med 2008; 22:641-3. [PMID: 18756368 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-008-0154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) represents a rare but severe complication in patients affected by liver metastases. Although a clinical suspicion can arise when specific clinical signs, in particular biliptysis, are present, conventional imaging modalities often fail to confirm the diagnosis. We present a case of a patient affected by colon cancer with liver metastases previously treated with partial right-sided hepatectomy and multiple thermo-ablative treatments combined with chemotherapy, who manifested a septic fever associated with productive cough and biliptysis. Diagnosis of BBF was confirmed only by hepatobiliary scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-heptoiminodiacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Annovazzi
- Nuclear Medicine Division, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi, 53 00162 Rome, Italy.
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Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation with Artificial Ascites for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Hepatic Dome: Initial Experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008; 190:91-8. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.07.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Delande S, Goffette P, Verbaandert C, Rahier J, Graux C, Mazzeo F, Humblet Y, Machiels JP. Bronchobiliary fistula and cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and principles of management. Acta Clin Belg 2007; 62:438-41. [PMID: 18351189 DOI: 10.1179/acb.2007.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A 64-year-old woman was admitted with fever and cough. At admission, she had jaundice, hepatomegaly, and green-stained sputum. Computed tomography (CT) showed an intrahepatic abscess located near the dome, multiple hepatic metastases, biliary tract dilatation, and a right pleural effusion. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography demonstrated a communication between the intrahepatic biliary ducts and the bronchial tree. The patient was treated with antibiotic therapy, pleural and biliary drainages and a percutaneous drainage of the hepatic abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Delande
- Centre du Cancer, Medical oncology Unit, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Tran T, Hampel H, Qureshi WA, Shaib Y. Successful endoscopic management of bronchobiliary fistula due to radiofrequency ablation. Dig Dis Sci 2007; 52:3178-80. [PMID: 17638080 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2005] [Accepted: 03/22/2006] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tran
- Section of Gastroenterology, The Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Pende V, Marchese M, Mutignani M, Polinari U, Allegri C, Greco R, Costamagna G. Endoscopic management of biliopleural fistula and biloma after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver metastasis. Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 66:616-8. [PMID: 17521647 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2006.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Pende
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, Cristo Re Hospital, and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Head HW, Dodd GD, Dalrymple NC, Prasad SR, El-Merhi FM, Freckleton MW, Hubbard LG. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors against the diaphragm: frequency of diaphragmatic injury. Radiology 2007; 243:877-84. [PMID: 17517940 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2433060157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively determine the frequency of diaphragmatic injury when percutaneous hepatic radiofrequency (RF) ablation is performed adjacent to the diaphragm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for our HIPAA-compliant study. Informed consent for the ablation procedure and for use of related data for future research was obtained from each patient. A retrospective review was conducted of 215 patients undergoing percutaneous RF ablation of hepatic tumors. Twenty-nine patients (21 men and eight women; age, 41-89 years) were identified with tumors abutting the diaphragm. Episodes of right shoulder pain were recorded. A panel of radiologists blinded to the patients' clinical histories reviewed their imaging for evidence of diaphragmatic injury and ablation success. A generalized estimating equation model and the Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The 29 patients had a total of 33 tumors abutting the diaphragm. Tumor size was 1.3-5.5 cm (mean, 3.2 cm +/- 1.1). After ablation, five (17%) patients reported right shoulder pain. In four, pain was mild or moderate, with symptoms lasting 2-14 days (median, 5.5 days). Three of these showed diaphragmatic thickening on postablation computed tomographic (CT) scans. One patient had severe pain lasting 2 weeks, followed by milder pain for 2 months. This patient's postablation CT images showed focal nodular diaphragmatic thickening. This patient was treated with a multitined device; the other four, with straight-needle devices. Local tumor progression was seen in 14 tumors (42.4%). Tumors 3 cm or smaller had a much lower local progression rate than tumors larger than 3 cm (12.5% vs 70.6%). CONCLUSION Of 29 patients who had ablation of hepatic tumors adjacent to the diaphragm, five (17%) had diaphragmatic injury, which was clinically apparent with right shoulder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden W Head
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, Mail Code 7800, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Metcalfe MS, Mullin EJ, Texler M, Berry DP, Dennison AR, Maddern GJ. The safety and efficacy of radiofrequency and electrolytic ablation created adjacent to large hepatic veins in a porcine model. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:662-7. [PMID: 17412548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immediately adjacent to large hepatic veins, tumour ablation by radiofrequency or electrolysis may be impaired by heat or current sink effects. Ablation may also cause vessel injury and thrombosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency and electrolytic ablative techniques adjacent to large hepatic veins. METHODS Electrolytic and radiofrequency zones of ablation were created adjacent to hepatic veins in large white pigs. After 72 h the zones of ablation created were examined histologically for (a) the extent of tissue necrosis up to the vessel and (b) the presence of intimal damage and mural thrombus in the veins. RESULTS An unexpected complication of electrolysis near large veins was cardiac tamponade. This current related phenomenon could easily be avoided. In seven of nine electrolysis zones of ablation necrosis was completely adjacent to the vessel wall, but in only four of seven radiofrequency zones of ablation. All zones of ablation were associated with intimal necrosis, and most with mural thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS Ablation of hepatic tumours by radiofrequency and electrolysis is unreliable adjacent to hepatic veins. Both techniques are associated with mural thrombus formation, and so risk thrombo-embolic complication. These ablative modalities are not recommended for zones of ablation adjacent to hepatic veins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Metcalfe
- University of Adelaide and The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, UK.
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