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Wang X, Batty KM, Crowe PJ, Goldstein D, Yang JL. The Potential of panHER Inhibition in Cancer. Front Oncol 2015; 5:2. [PMID: 25674538 PMCID: PMC4309158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Hyper-activation of the HER (erbB) family receptors, HER 1-4, leads to up-regulation of the three vital signaling pathways: mitogen activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways. Blocking HER1/EGFR has a limited anticancer effect due to either secondary mutation e.g., T790M or by-pass signaling of other HER members. The emergence of an anti-panHER approach to blockade of these pathways as a cancer treatment may provide a solution to this resistance. This review aimed to provide an overview of the HER signaling pathways and their involvement in tumor progression and examine the current progress in panHER inhibition. Methods: Recent literature associated with HER signaling pathways and panHER inhibition was reviewed through PubMed and Medline database, followed by critical comparison and analysis. Results: Pre-clinical studies and clinical trials of panHER inhibitors show promising results, and the potential to improve patient outcomes in solid cancers. Conclusion: The use of panHER inhibitors in cancers with HER-family hyper-activation, such as other epithelial cancers and sarcoma, is a new direction to research and has potential in clinical cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Wang
- Sarcoma Nano-Oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Kathleen M Batty
- Sarcoma Nano-Oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Philip J Crowe
- Sarcoma Nano-Oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Sarcoma Nano-Oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Jia-Lin Yang
- Sarcoma Nano-Oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia ; Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney, NSW , Australia
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Ho C, Laskin J. EGFR-directed therapies to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 18:1133-45. [PMID: 19572809 DOI: 10.1517/13543780903066772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. In 2008, in the US > 200,000 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer and > 160,000 died from their disease. Over 80% of lung cancers are of the non-small cell type, for which chemotherapy has demonstrated modest survival benefits at all stages of disease. Agents that alter critical molecular cell growth pathways are a growing area of research and development including targeted therapies directed at the EGFR. Downstream effects of EGFR dimerization and activation include cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis, key events in the malignant process. Two main classes of drugs have been developed, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of the receptor. This review discusses clinical studies with several new therapies and the plans for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Ho
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Medical Oncologist, 600 W 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada.
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-524-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kioi M, Shimamura T, Nakashima H, Hirota M, Tohnai I, Husain SR, Puri RK. IL-13 cytotoxin has potent antitumor activity and synergizes with paclitaxel in a mouse model of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:1440-8. [PMID: 19065664 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-13 receptor-targeted cytotoxin (IL13-PE38) is highly cytotoxic to certain types of human cancers expressing abundant levels of IL-13Ralpha2 chain. Although IL13-PE38 is being tested in a Phase III clinical trial in brain tumors, the activity of IL13-PE38 alone or when combined with taxane, a chemotherapeutic drug for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), has not been investigated. Here, we show that approximately 40% of OSCCs (n = 50) in a tissue array are strongly positive for IL-13Ralpha2, whereas normal oral mucosa (n = 10) expresses very low or undetectable levels evaluated by immunohistochemistry. IL13-PE38 was highly cytotoxic to OSCC cell lines, but not cytotoxic to normal oral fibroblasts. IL13-PE38 mediated a synergistic antitumor effect with paclitaxel in OSC-19 in vitro and in vivo in the orthotopic OSCC tongue tumor model. Real-time tumor growth was monitored by optical imaging using a Xenogen-IVIS imaging system. Treated animals showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in survival, which correlated with in vivo imaging of tumor response without evidence of visible toxicity. Gene transfer of IL-13Ralpha2 in oral cancer cells increased sensitivity of OSCC cell line to IL13-PE38 in vitro. Retrovirus-mediated gene-transfer of IL-13Ralpha2 in HSC-3 into tongue tumors in vivo dramatically enhanced the antitumor activity of IL13-PE38, providing complete elimination of established tumors and prolonging survival of these animals. These results indicate that IL13-PE38 in combination with paclitaxel acting via different mechanisms may be a potential treatment option for IL-13Ralpha2 expressing OSCC or for the treatment of non-IL-13Ralpha2 expressing OSCC combined with gene transfer of IL-13Ralpha2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitomu Kioi
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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