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Komulainen M, Saros L, Vahlberg T, Nermes M, Jartti T, Laitinen K. Maternal fish oil and/or probiotics intervention: Allergic diseases in children up to two years old. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14004. [PMID: 37622257 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and probiotics possess immunomodulatory properties, theoretically they could lower the risk of allergic diseases. But their effects remain controversial. We aimed to study the effects of fish oil and probiotics separately or in combination from early pregnancy onwards to lower the risk of allergic diseases in the infants. METHODS In this double-blind trial, women (n = 439) in early pregnancies were randomized into four intervention groups: fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics, and placebo + placebo. Fish oil (1.9 g docosahexaenoic acid and 0.22 g eicosapentaenoic acid) and probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420, 1010 colony-forming units each) supplements were provided for daily consumption from randomization up to 6 months postpartum. All analyses were adjusted with pet ownership. RESULTS No difference between the infants in the four intervention groups were found regarding physician-diagnosed food allergy, atopic eczema, or atopy at the age of 12 or 24 months (all p > .05). The probiotic intervention was associated with lower odds of recurrent wheezing at 24 months (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18-0.84, p = .017), but not at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The use of fish oil and/or probiotics from early pregnancy onwards did not lower the odds of childhood allergic diseases or atopy, with the exception of the probiotic intervention which decreased the risk of recurrent wheezing when the infants were two years old. This suggests that the incidence of asthma could also decrease later in childhood and thus these outcomes need to be clarified in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miisa Komulainen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lotta Saros
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Biostatistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Nermes
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Broderick D, Marsh R, Waite D, Pillarisetti N, Chang AB, Taylor MW. Realising respiratory microbiomic meta-analyses: time for a standardised framework. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:57. [PMID: 36945040 PMCID: PMC10031919 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In microbiome fields of study, meta-analyses have proven to be a valuable tool for identifying the technical drivers of variation among studies and results of investigations in several diseases, such as those of the gut and sinuses. Meta-analyses also represent a powerful and efficient approach to leverage existing scientific data to both reaffirm existing findings and generate new hypotheses within the field. However, there are currently limited data in other fields, such as the paediatric respiratory tract, where extension of original data becomes even more critical due to samples often being difficult to obtain and process for a range of both technical and ethical reasons. Performing such analyses in an evolving field comes with challenges related to data accessibility and heterogeneity. This is particularly the case in paediatric respiratory microbiomics - a field in which best microbiome-related practices are not yet firmly established, clinical heterogeneity abounds and ethical challenges can complicate sharing of patient data. Having recently conducted a large-scale, individual participant data meta-analysis of the paediatric respiratory microbiota (n = 2624 children from 20 studies), we discuss here some of the unique barriers facing these studies and open and invite a dialogue towards future opportunities. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Broderick
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robyn Marsh
- Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - David Waite
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Anne B Chang
- Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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3
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A Brief Review of Local Bacteriotherapy for Preventing Respiratory Infections. ALLERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies2040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) account for relevant economic and social implications and significantly affect family life. Local Bacteriotherapy (LB) represents an innovative option in preventing RRIs. Local bacteriotherapy consists of administering “good” and safe bacteria (probiotics) by nasal or oral route. In particular, two strains (Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a) are commonly used. The present article presents and discusses the literature concerning LB. Infections of airways include the upper and lower respiratory tract. A series of clinical trials investigated the preventive role of LB in preventing upper and lower RIs. These studies demonstrated that LB safely reduced the prevalence and severity of RIs, the use of antibiotics, and absences from school. Therefore, Local Bacteriotherapy may be considered an interesting therapeutic option in RRI prevention.
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4
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Miraglia Del Giudice M, Parisi GF, Indolfi C, Manti S, Leonardi S, Decimo F, Ciprandi G. Nasal microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:586-592. [PMID: 32731730 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.20.05850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is defined as an inflammatory disorder of the paranasal sinuses and of the nasal mucosa that lasts 12 weeks or longer. In CRS microbes contribute to the disease pathogenesis. Clinical microbiology is focused on finding single pathogens that causes the disease and the main goal is the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria. Efforts to achieve a better understanding of CRS include the study of the sinus microbiome, and to evaluate the ability of probiotics to augment homeostasis and modulate the immune response of the host mucosa. This review provides an update on the role of the microbiome in CRS. The study was conducted using two databases: PubMed and Science Direct. We searched for articles in English that matched the review topic. We first used the abstracts of articles to assess whether they met the inclusion criteria. We also reviewed the references of the selected articles and read those with titles that might be of interest. Several studies have shown that endogenous microbiome dysbiosis can impact mucosa health and disease severity. Some bacterial species presenting protective or pathogenic effect. Antimicrobial agents can create a similar disruption and impact the nasal microbiome balance. On the other hand, probiotics offers a promising avenue for developing systemic and topical therapies geared towards strategic manipulation of the biological host load, thereby augmenting immune homeostasis. A better comprehension of sinus-nasal microbiome in healthy and in CRS patients and the link with different CRS phenotype can help in developing new prognostics, diagnostics, and therapeutics strategies. Going forward, the use of probiotics can restore the native sinus ecology with significant therapeutic and preventive implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe F Parisi
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vittorio Emanuele University Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristiana Indolfi
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Manti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leonardi
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Vittorio Emanuele University Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Decimo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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5
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(R)Evolution in Allergic Rhinitis Add-On Therapy: From Probiotics to Postbiotics and Parabiotics. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175154. [PMID: 36079081 PMCID: PMC9456659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from the “Hygiene Hypothesis” to the “Microflora hypothesis” we provided an overview of the symbiotic and dynamic equilibrium between microbiota and the immune system, focusing on the role of dysbiosis in atopic march, particularly on allergic rhinitis. The advent of deep sequencing technologies and metabolomics allowed us to better characterize the microbiota diversity between individuals and body sites. Each body site, with its own specific environmental niches, shapes the microbiota conditioning colonization and its metabolic functionalities. The analysis of the metabolic pathways provides a mechanistic explanation of the remote mode of communication with systems, organs, and microflora of other body sites, including the ecosystem of the upper respiratory tract. This axis may have a role in the development of respiratory allergic disease. Notably, the microbiota is significant in the development and maintenance of barrier function; influences hematopoiesis and innate immunity; and shows its critical roles in Th1, Th2, and Treg production, which are necessary to maintain immunological balance and promote tolerance, taking part in every single step of the inflammatory cascade. These are microbial biotherapy foundations, starting from probiotics up to postbiotics and parabiotics, in a still-ongoing process. When considering the various determinants that can shape microbiota, there are several factors to consider: genetic factors, environment, mode of delivery, exposure to antibiotics, and other allergy-unrelated diseases. These factors hinder the engraftment of probiotic strains but may be upgradable with postbiotic and parabiotic administration directly on molecular targets. Supplementation with postbiotics and parabiotics could represent a very exciting perspective of treatment, bypassing probiotic limitations. At present, this avenue remains theoretical and to be explored, but it will certainly be a fascinating path to follow.
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Padayachee Y, Flicker S, Linton S, Cafferkey J, Kon OM, Johnston SL, Ellis AK, Desrosiers M, Turner P, Valenta R, Scadding GK. Review: The Nose as a Route for Therapy. Part 2 Immunotherapy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:668781. [PMID: 35387044 PMCID: PMC8974912 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.668781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nose provides a route of access to the body for inhalants and fluids. Unsurprisingly it has a strong immune defense system, with involvement of innate (e.g., epithelial barrier, muco- ciliary clearance, nasal secretions with interferons, lysozyme, nitric oxide) and acquired (e.g., secreted immunoglobulins, lymphocytes) arms. The lattice network of dendritic cells surrounding the nostrils allows rapid uptake and sampling of molecules able to negotiate the epithelial barrier. Despite this many respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV2, are initiated through nasal mucosal contact, and the nasal mucosa is a significant "reservoir" for microbes including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and SARS -CoV-2. This review includes consideration of the augmentation of immune defense by the nasal application of interferons, then the reduction of unnecessary inflammation and infection by alteration of the nasal microbiome. The nasal mucosa and associated lymphoid tissue (nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue, NALT) provides an important site for vaccine delivery, with cold-adapted live influenza strains (LAIV), which replicate intranasally, resulting in an immune response without significant clinical symptoms, being the most successful thus far. Finally, the clever intranasal application of antibodies bispecific for allergens and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) as a topical treatment for allergic and RV-induced rhinitis is explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorissa Padayachee
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Flicker
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Linton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Allergy Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Centre (KHSC), Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - John Cafferkey
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Onn Min Kon
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian L Johnston
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Desrosiers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngologie, The University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Turner
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Glenis Kathleen Scadding
- Royal National Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bianco MR, Ralli M, Modica DM, Amata M, Poma S, Mattina G, Allegra E. The Role of Probiotics in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Treatment: An Update of the Current Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121715. [PMID: 34946441 PMCID: PMC8701913 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a significant health problem. It affects 5–12% of the general population. The causes that underlie the onset of CRS are not yet well known. However, many factors may contribute to its onset, such as environmental factors and the host’s general condition. Medical treatment mainly uses local corticosteroids, nasal irrigation, and antibiotics. In recent years, a new therapeutic approach that employs the use of probiotics emerged. Probiotics have been extensively studied as a therapy for dysbiosis and inflammatory pathologies of various parts of the body. We aimed to examine the studies in vivo and in vitro and clinicals reports in the existing literature to update probiotics’ role in rhinosinusitis chronic medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Bianco
- Otolaryngology-Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-3647130; Fax: +39-0961-3647131
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Domenico Michele Modica
- Otolaryngology Unit-“Villa Sofia”-Cervello Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.M.M.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Marta Amata
- Department of Biomedicine and Internal and Specialistic Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Poma
- Otolaryngology Unit-“Villa Sofia”-Cervello Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.M.M.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Gianfranco Mattina
- Otolaryngology Unit-“Villa Sofia”-Cervello Hospital, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (D.M.M.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Eugenia Allegra
- Otolaryngology-Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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8
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Novel Insights into the Role of Probiotics in Respiratory Infections, Allergies, Cancer, and Neurological Abnormalities. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9030060. [PMID: 34562967 PMCID: PMC8482260 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, probiotics have attracted public attention and transformed the social perception of microorganisms, convening a beneficial role/state on human health. With aging, the immune system, body physiology, and intestinal microbiota tend to change unfavorably, resulting in many chronic conditions. The immune-mediated disorders can be linked to intestinal dysbiosis, consequently leading to immune dysfunctions and a cluster of conditions such as asthma, autoimmune diseases, eczema, and various allergies. Probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species are considered probiotic species that have a great immunomodulatory and anti-allergic effect. Moreover, recent scientific and clinical data illustrate that probiotics can regulate the immune system, exert anti-viral and anti-tumoral activity, and shields the host against oxidative stress. Additionally, microbiota programming by probiotic bacteria can reduce and prevent the symptoms of respiratory infections and ameliorate the neurological status in humans. This review describes the most recent clinical findings, including safe probiotic therapies aiming to medicate respiratory infections, allergies, cancer, and neurological disorders due to their physiological interconnection. Subsequently, we will describe the major biological mechanism by which probiotic bacteriotherapy expresses its anti-viral, anti-allergic, anticancer, and neuro-stimulatory effects.
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9
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Treatment with a Probiotic Mixture Containing Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 for the Prevention of Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041315. [PMID: 33923532 PMCID: PMC8073063 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Probiotics may prevent the allergic response development due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study is to determine if the prophylactic treatment with a mixture of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 would reduce symptoms and need for drug use in children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: The study included 250 children aged from 6 to 17 years, affected by AR. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (150) or to the placebo group (100). Patients in the intervention group, in addition to conventional therapy (local corticosteroids and/or oral antihistamines), were treated in the 3 months preceding the onset of symptoms related to the presence of the allergen to which the children were most sensitized, with a daily oral administration of a probiotic mixture containing the Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 DSM 15954 and the Enterococcus faecium L3 LMG P-27496 strain. We used Nasal Symptoms Score (NSS) to evaluate AR severity before and after the treatment with probiotics or placebo. Results: the patients in the intervention group had a significant reduction in their NSS after probiotic treatment (p-value = 2.2 × 10−10. Moreover, for the same group of patients, we obtained a significant reduction in the intake of pharmacological therapy. In particular, we obtained a reduction in the use of oral antihistamines (p-value = 2.2 × 10−16), local corticosteroids (p-value = 2.2 × 10−13), and of both drugs (p-value 1.5 × 10−15). Conclusions: When administered as a prophylactic treatment, a mixture of BB12 and L3 statistically decreased signs and symptoms of AR and reduced significantly the need of conventional therapy.
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Carucci L, Coppola S, Luzzetti A, Giglio V, Vanderhoof J, Berni Canani R. The role of probiotics and postbiotics in modulating the gut microbiome-immune system axis in the pediatric age. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2021; 73:115-127. [PMID: 33880903 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complex microbial community of the gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in driving development and function of the human immune system. This phenomenon is named the gut microbiome-immune system axis. When operating optimally, this axis influences both innate and adaptive immunity, which orchestrates the maintenance of crucial elements of host-microorganisms symbiosis, in a dialogue that modulates responses in the most beneficial way. Growing evidence reveals some environmental factors which can positively and negatively modulate the gut microbiome-immune system axis with consequences on the body health status. Several conditions which increasingly affect the pediatric age, such as allergies, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, arise from a failure of the gut microbiome-immune system axis. Prenatal or postnatal modulation of this axis through some interventional strategies (including diet, probiotics and postbiotics), may lead to a positive gene-environment interaction with improvement of immune-modulatory effects and final positive effect on human health. In particular probiotics and postbiotics exerting pleiotropic regulatory actions on the gut-microbiome-immune system axis provide an innovative preventive and therapeutic strategy for many pediatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Luzzetti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Giglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jon Vanderhoof
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy - .,ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force for Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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11
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Su YJ, Luo SD, Hsu CY, Kuo HC. Differences in gut microbiota between allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and skin urticaria: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25091. [PMID: 33655988 PMCID: PMC7939153 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several forms of allergy have been clinically presented, including, among others, atopic dermatitis (eczema), urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis). As their detailed pathogenesis continues to be researched, we aimed in the current study to compare gut microbiota differences between eczema, hives, and rhinitis patients. METHODS We enrolled 19 eczemas, nine hives, and 11 allergic rhinitis patients in this study. Fecal samples were examined using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing, followed by bioinformatics and statistical analyses. We compared microbiota in dermatitis (eczema), chronic urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis). RESULTS All clinical data were similar between the subgroups. The microbiota results indicated that Bacteroidales species were found in skin allergies, both urticaria and eczema, when compared to rhinitis. The microbiota differs substantially between those patients with atopic dermatitis (eczema), chronic urticaria (hives), and allergic rhinitis (rhinitis), thus indicating that the gut-skin and gut-nose axes exist. Gut flora colonies differ significantly between skin allergy and nose allergy. Bacteroidales species could be a clinical link between gut flora and skin allergy; of those, Bacteroids Plebeius DSM 17135 is significantly associated with the urticaria (hives) subgroup.Conclusion. Our results demonstrated high intra-group homogeneous and high inter-group heterogeneous microbiota. The clinical symptoms of eczema, hives, and rhinitis can all be linked to specific microbiota in the current study. In this pilot study, the Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidales species are associated with allergic disease, in line with several previous published articles, and the abundance of Firmicutes Phylum is representative of intestinal dysbiosis. In the future, a larger cohort and thorough biochemical studies are needed for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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Ciprandi G, La Mantia I, Damiani V, Passali D. Local Bacteriotherapy - a promising preventive tool in recurrent respiratory infections. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:1047-1052. [PMID: 33022191 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1833720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) represent a social issue for the economic burden and the negative family impact. Local Bacteriotherapy is an attractive therapeutic strategy that could be potentially effective in preventing infections. The current article remarks on the existing evidence of preventing RRI by Local Bacteriotherapy. AREAS COVERED The literature search methodology was based on the articles cited by PubMed from 1980 to 2020. Respiratory infections include rhino-pharyngitis, otitis media, rhinosinusitis, pharyngo-tracheitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Several studies were performed to investigate the effects of Local Bacteriotherapy in children with RRI. Both intranasal and oral Local Bacteriotherapy were evaluated. The findings showed that Local Bacteriotherapy significantly reduced the number of RI episodes, their severity, the use of antibiotics, and school absences. EXPERT OPINION Local Bacteriotherapy is a promising approach to RRI prevention and could be a profitable strategy to contrast infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valerio Damiani
- Medical Department, Drugs Minerals and Generics , Pomezia, Italy
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13
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Tarantino V, Savaia V, D'Agostino R, Damiani V, Ciprandi G. Oral bacteriotherapy in children with recurrent respiratory infections: a real-life study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:73-76. [PMID: 32073565 PMCID: PMC7947738 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i1-s.9230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) represent a social issue for the economic burden and the familiar negative impact. Bacteriotherapy, such as the administration of “good” bacteria, is a new therapeutic strategy that could be potentially effective in preventing infections. The current study tested the hypothesis of preventing RRI by oral Bacteriotherapy in a real-life setting. This open study was conducted in an outpatient clinic, enrolling 51 children (27 males, mean age 4.8 ± 2.6 years) suffering from RRI. Children were treated with an oral spray, containing Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis89a (125 x 109 CFU/g), 2 puffs per os once/day for 30 consecutive days; this course was repeated for 3 months. The evaluated parameters were: RI number and school absences reported in the current year; these outcomes were compared with those recorded in the past year. The mean number of RI significantly diminished: from 5.17 (2.30) in the past year to 2.25 (2.43) after the treatment (p<0.0001). The mean number of school absences significantly diminished (from 3.35 to 1.86; p<0.0001). In conclusion, this real-life study suggests that oral Bacteriotherapy with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis89a could efficaciously and safely prevent RRI in children. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tarantino
- Dipartimento Testa-Collo e Neuroscienze - IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Valentina Savaia
- Dipartimento Testa-Collo e Neuroscienze - IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Roberto D'Agostino
- Dipartimento Testa-Collo e Neuroscienze - IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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