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Topchiy I, Mohbat J, Folorunso OO, Wang ZZ, Lazcano-Etchebarne C, Engin E. GABA system as the cause and effect in early development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105651. [PMID: 38579901 PMCID: PMC11081854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain and through its actions on GABAARs, it protects against excitotoxicity and seizure activity, ensures temporal fidelity of neurotransmission, and regulates concerted rhythmic activity of neuronal populations. In the developing brain, the development of GABAergic neurons precedes that of glutamatergic neurons and the GABA system serves as a guide and framework for the development of other brain systems. Despite this early start, the maturation of the GABA system also continues well into the early postnatal period. In this review, we organize evidence around two scenarios based on the essential and protracted nature of GABA system development: 1) disruptions in the development of the GABA system can lead to large scale disruptions in other developmental processes (i.e., GABA as the cause), 2) protracted maturation of this system makes it vulnerable to the effects of developmental insults (i.e., GABA as the effect). While ample evidence supports the importance of GABA/GABAAR system in both scenarios, large gaps in existing knowledge prevent strong mechanistic conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Topchiy
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Julie Mohbat
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Oluwarotimi O Folorunso
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ziyi Zephyr Wang
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Elif Engin
- Division of Basic Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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The Novel Dehydroepiandrosterone Derivative Bnn27 Counteracts The Impairing Effects Of Anesthetic Ketamine On Rats’ Non-Spatial And Spatial Recognition Memory. Behav Brain Res 2022; 430:113937. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ralvenius WT, Neumann E, Pagani M, Acuña MA, Wildner H, Benke D, Fischer N, Rostaher A, Schwager S, Detmar M, Frauenknecht K, Aguzzi A, Hubbs JL, Rudolph U, Favrot C, Zeilhofer HU. Itch suppression in mice and dogs by modulation of spinal α2 and α3GABA A receptors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3230. [PMID: 30104684 PMCID: PMC6089996 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic itch is a highly debilitating condition affecting about 10% of the general population. The relay of itch signals is under tight control by inhibitory circuits of the spinal dorsal horn, which may offer a hitherto unexploited therapeutic opportunity. Here, we found that specific pharmacological targeting of inhibitory α2 and α3GABAA receptors reduces acute histaminergic and non-histaminergic itch in mice. Systemic treatment with an α2/α3GABAA receptor selective modulator alleviates also chronic itch in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis and in dogs sensitized to house dust mites, without inducing sedation, motor dysfunction, or loss of antipruritic activity after prolonged treatment. Transsynaptic circuit tracing, immunofluorescence, and electrophysiological experiments identify spinal α2 and α3GABAA receptors as likely molecular targets underlying the antipruritic effect. Our results indicate that drugs targeting α2 and α3GABAA receptors are well-suited to alleviate itch, including non-histaminergic chronic itch for which currently no approved treatment exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Ralvenius
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Pagani
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mario A Acuña
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik Wildner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dietmar Benke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.,Drug Discovery Network Zürich (DDNZ), Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Fischer
- Dermatology Department, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Rostaher
- Dermatology Department, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Schwager
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Frauenknecht
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zürich and University Hospital Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zürich and University Hospital Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jed Lee Hubbs
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Rudolph
- Laboratory of Genetic Neuropharmacology, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Claude Favrot
- Dermatology Department, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Neuroscience Center Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Drug Discovery Network Zürich (DDNZ), Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Gao H, Zhang L, Chen Z, Liu S, Zhang Q, Zhang B. Effects of intravenous anesthetics on the phosphorylation of cAMP response element‑binding protein in hippocampal slices of adult mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:627-633. [PMID: 29749444 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
cAMP response‑element binding protein (CREB) functions in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, it remains unknown whether intravenous anesthetics modulate CREB. The present study aimed to examine the effects of intravenous anesthetics on CREB phosphorylation in the mouse hippocampus. CREB phosphorylation was examined in hippocampal slices with and without pharmacological or intravenous anesthetics via immunoblotting. In a dose‑response experiment, the concentrations of intravenous anesthetics ranged from 10‑9 to 10‑4 mol/l for 1 h. For the time‑response experiment, these slices were incubated with 5x10‑6 mol/l of propofol for 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 30 and 60 min. In order to examine whether CREB phosphorylation could be recovered following washing out the propofol, the slices were incubated in plain artificial cerebrospinal fluid at different time durations following 5 min incubation with propofol. Propofol, etomidate, ketamine and midazolam inhibited CREB phosphorylation (P<0.05) in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. This inhibition was reversible following the removal of propofol, and was rescued by CREB phosphorylation (P<0.05). The decrease in CREB phosphorylation revealed additive effects with 100 µM of chelerythrine and 20 µM of PD‑98059, and the etomidate‑induced decrease in CREB phosphorylation was blocked by 1 mM of NMDA. However, 0.1 µM of phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate, 50 µM of U 73122, 100 µM of carbachol and 10 µM of MK801 were ineffective in the anesthetic‑induced decrease in CREB phosphorylation. Intravenous anesthetics markedly decreased CREB phosphorylation in the mouse hippocampus, which was most likely via the protein kinase C and mitogen activated protein kinase pathways. This suggests that CREB represents a target for anesthetic action in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Shuncui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, P.R. China
| | - Bingxi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
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Yang H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu MS, Yuan J, Yu T. Astrocytes contribute to the effects of etomidate on synaptic transmission in rat primary somatosensory cortex. Brain Res 2016; 1642:238-243. [PMID: 27045115 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the mechanisms of unconsciousness induced by general anesthetics. Previous studies have shown that the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is a sensitive region to a variety of intravenous general anesthetics. Etomidate is a widely used intravenous anesthetic that can influence synaptic transmission. Recently, there are some evidences suggesting that astrocytes, a type of glia cell, also contribute to information transmission in the brain, and modulate synaptic function by releasing neuroactive substances. However, it is unknown whether astrocytes influence the effects of etomidate on information transmission in S1 pyramidal neurons. In the present study, the role of astrocytes in etomidate-induced unconsciousness was investigated by using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. We observed etomidate at clinically relevant concentrations inhibited the spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) of rat S1 pyramidal neurons in a concentration-dependent manner, and the EC50 value of etomidate for inhibiting sPSCs from the concentration-effect curve was 6.9μM. Furthermore, in the presence of fluorocitrate, a glia-selective metabolism inhibitor that blocks the aconitase enzyme, both the amplitude and frequency of sPSCs in rat S1 pyramidal neurons were reduced, and the inhibitory effects of etomidate on sPSCs amplitude was strengthened without affecting the effects of etomidate on frequency. From these data, we deduce that etomidate suppresses synaptic activity via presynaptic and postsynaptic components. Furthermore, astrocytes participate in synaptic transmission and influence the effects of etomidate on postsynaptic receptors. This study provides new insight into the role of astrocytes in etomidate-induced unconsciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - You Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Xu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Dalian Road, 563003 Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Korpi ER, den Hollander B, Farooq U, Vashchinkina E, Rajkumar R, Nutt DJ, Hyytiä P, Dawe GS. Mechanisms of Action and Persistent Neuroplasticity by Drugs of Abuse. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:872-1004. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Ito J, Otsuki N, Zhang X, Konno T, Kurahashi T, Takahashi M, Yamato M, Matsuoka Y, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid reverses the prolonged anesthetic action of pentobarbital in Akr1a-knockout mice. Life Sci 2014; 95:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Heidelberg LS, Warren JW, Fisher JL. SB-205384 is a positive allosteric modulator of recombinant GABAA receptors containing rat α3, α5, or α6 subunit subtypes coexpressed with β3 and γ2 subunits. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:235-41. [PMID: 23902941 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many drugs used to treat anxiety are positive modulators of GABAA receptors, which mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission. The GABAA receptors can be assembled from a combination of at least 16 different subunits. The receptor's subunit composition determines its pharmacologic and functional properties, and subunit expression varies throughout the brain. A primary goal for new treatments targeting GABAA receptors is the production of subunit-selective modulators acting upon a discrete population of receptors. The anxiolytic 4-amino-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-5,6,7,8,-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, but-2-ynyl ester (SB-205384) is widely considered to be selective for α3-containing GABAA receptors. However, it has been tested only on α1-, α2-, and α3-containing receptors. We examined the activity of SB-205384 at recombinant receptors containing the six different α subunits and found that receptors containing the α3, α5, and α6 subunits were potentiated by SB-205384, with the α6 subunit conferring the greatest responsiveness. Properties associated with chimeric α1/α6 subunits suggested that multiple structural domains influence sensitivity to SB-205384. Point mutations of residues within the extracellular N-terminal domain identified a leucine residue located in loop E of the agonist binding site as an important determinant of high sensitivity to modulation. In the α6 subunit the identity of this residue is species-dependent, with the leucine found in rat subunits but not in human. Our results indicate that SB-205384 is not an α3-selective modulator, and instead acts at several GABAA receptor isoforms. These findings have implications for the side-effect profile of this anxiolytic as well as for its use in neuronal and animal studies as a marker for contribution from α3-containing receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Heidelberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia, South Carolina (J.W.W., J.L.F.); and Honors College, University of South Carolina-Columbia, Columbia, South Carolina (L.S.H.)
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