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Verstraelen F, Schotanus M, Klemann-Harings S, Lambers Heerspink O, Jansen E. Comparison of clinical and radiological outcomes after three different surgical treatments for resistant calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder: a short-term randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:480. [PMCID: PMC9636666 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A preferable surgical treatment for patients with conservative therapy-resistant calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder is still a matter of debate. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare short-term clinical and radiological results of three surgical treatment options for these patients.
Methods
A multicenter randomized trial was conducted. Sixty-nine patients were randomly assigned to receive 1. subacromial decompression (Group SAD), 2. debridement of calcifications (Group D), or 3. debridement of calcifications with SAD (Group D + SAD). Stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were used. The primary outcome was an improvement in VAS for pain (pVAS) 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were an improvement in pVAS 6 weeks postoperatively, functional outcomes (CMS, DASH, ASES), radiological outcome, additional treatments, and complications.
Results
The improvement in pVAS was significant in all groups (p < 0.001) and did not differ between the groups after 6 months. Six weeks postoperatively, the improvement in pVAS was significantly (p = 0.03) less in Group SAD compared to Group D + SAD (16.5 mm, SD 19.3 mm vs 33.1 mm, SD 19.7 mm, respectively). The mean size of calcifications decreased significantly in all groups (p < 0.0001). In Group SAD, the size of the calcifications decreased less (p = 0.04) compared to Group D and Group D + SAD after 6 weeks. Group SAD received more additional treatments (p = 0.003) compared to Group D + SAD (9 vs 1), which were mainly subacromial cortisone injections.
Conclusions
All patient groups showed significant pain relief and an improvement in shoulder function 6 months after surgery. However, patients in Group SAD showed inferior pain relief and less improvement in DASH score after 6 weeks. Furthermore, this group required more postoperative additional treatments. No significant differences in clinical and radiological outcomes were observed between patients in Group D compared to Group D + SAD. Therefore, an arthroscopic debridement without subacromial decompression seems to be advisable for patients with therapy-resistant calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder.
Level of evidence 2, Open-Label Randomized Clinical Trial.
IRB METC Zuyderland MC. Number: 14-T-112.
Registered at trialregister.nl NL 4947.
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