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Sghaireen MG, Ganji KK, Srivastava KC, Alam MK, Nashwan S, Migdadi FH, Al-Qerem A, Khader Y. Vitamin D, Cholesterol, and DXA Value Relationship with Bimaxillary Cone Beam CT Values. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072678. [PMID: 37048761 PMCID: PMC10094997 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the correlation that Vitamin D (Vit D), cholesterol levels, and T- and Z-scores of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans have with cone beam computed tomography values assessed in the anterior and posterior regions of maxillary and mandibular jaws. In total, 187 patients were recruited for this clinical study. Patients’ ages ranged between 45 and 65 years. Patients with valid DXA results, serum Vit D and cholesterol levels, and no evidence of bone disorders in the maxilla or mandibular region were included in the study and grouped in the control (non-osteoporosis) and case (osteoporosis) groups. Patients with a history of medical or dental disease that might complicate the dental implant therapy, chronic alcohol users, and patients who took calcium or Vit D supplements were excluded. The outcome variables assessed in the investigation were Vit D, cholesterol, Z-values, and cone beam computed tomography values. Regarding the case group, a significant (p < 0.05) inverse relationship was observed between Vit D and cholesterol. Although insignificant (p > 0.05), a positive relationship was found between Vit D and the cone beam computed tomography values in all regions of the jaws, except the mandibular posterior region (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis was carried out. Vit D and cholesterol showed a statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) negative association with the cone beam computed tomography values in all regions of the jaws. However, the Z-values were highly correlated with the cone beam computed tomography values in all regions of the jaws (r > 7, p < 0.05). Vit D, cholesterol levels, and Z-values in women and men from young adulthood to middle age (45–65) were related with the cone beam computed tomography values of the jaws.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Chandan Srivastava
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadi Nashwan
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmad Al-Qerem
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Ar-Ramtha 3030, Jordan
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Wildemann B, Ignatius A, Leung F, Taitsman LA, Smith RM, Pesántez R, Stoddart MJ, Richards RG, Jupiter JB. Non-union bone fractures. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:57. [PMID: 34354083 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The human skeleton has remarkable regenerative properties, being one of the few structures in the body that can heal by recreating its normal cellular composition, orientation and mechanical strength. When the healing process of a fractured bone fails owing to inadequate immobilization, failed surgical intervention, insufficient biological response or infection, the outcome after a prolonged period of no healing is defined as non-union. Non-union represents a chronic medical condition not only affecting function but also potentially impacting the individual's psychosocial and economic well-being. This Primer provides the reader with an in-depth understanding of our contemporary knowledge regarding the important features to be considered when faced with non-union. The normal mechanisms involved in bone healing and the factors that disrupt the normal signalling mechanisms are addressed. Epidemiological considerations and advances in the diagnosis and surgical therapy of non-union are highlighted and the need for greater efforts in basic, translational and clinical research are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Wildemann
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany. .,Julius Wolff Institute and BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Frankie Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lisa A Taitsman
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R Malcolm Smith
- Orthopedic trauma service, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Pesántez
- Departamento de Ortopedia Y Traumatología Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá - Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Jesse B Jupiter
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Massachussets General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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