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Jung J, Ryu JI, Shim GJ, Kwon YD. Effect of agents affecting bone homeostasis on short- and long-term implant failure. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34 Suppl 26:143-168. [PMID: 37750523 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the current evidence on the relationship between agents that affect bone homeostasis and dental implant failures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic searches for bisphosphonates, denosumab, methotrexate, corticosteroids, romosozumab, sunitinib, and bevacizumab were performed using PubMed, MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library), Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register (Cochrane Library) and Web of Science (Thomson Reuters). Manual searches were also conducted to complement the digital searches for recent issues. RESULTS Previous publications suggested that bisphosphonates do not compromise the survival of dental implants. However, one study documented an increased risk of implant failure in patients who had received high-dose of intravenous bisphosphonate therapy after implant rehabilitation. There has been an issue of MRONJ around implants in patients who have successfully received implant therapy before and after antiresorptive therapy, leading to late implant failure. Despite evidence on the detrimental effects of denosumab, methotrexate and corticosteroids on bone metabolism, their role in implant survival is not conclusive. CONCLUSIONS At present, there is insufficient evidence to establish a potential connection between agents that affects bone homeostasis and implant failure. However, some studies have reported negative results for implant therapy. In addition, implant-related sequestration in patients who received anti-resorptive therapy, despite of successful osseointegration, is also noticeable. Although limited studies are available at present, clinicians should still carefully consider the potential hazards and take appropriate precautions to minimize the risks associated with the medications and implant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Jung
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-In Ryu
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu-Jo Shim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kwon
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Cheng CH, Chen LR, Chen KH. Osteoporosis Due to Hormone Imbalance: An Overview of the Effects of Estrogen Deficiency and Glucocorticoid Overuse on Bone Turnover. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031376. [PMID: 35163300 PMCID: PMC8836058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious health issue among aging postmenopausal women. The majority of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis have bone loss related to estrogen deficiency. The rapid bone loss results from an increase in bone turnover with an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Osteoporosis can also result from excessive glucocorticoid usage, which induces bone demineralization with significant changes of spatial heterogeneities of bone at microscale, indicating potential risk of fracture. This review is a summary of current literature about the molecular mechanisms of actions, the risk factors, and treatment of estrogen deficiency related osteoporosis (EDOP) and glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Estrogen binds with estrogen receptor to promote the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), and to suppress the action of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), thus inhibiting osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity. It can also activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling to increase osteogenesis, and upregulate BMP signaling to promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation from pre-osteoblasts to osteoblasts, rather than adipocytes. The lack of estrogen will alter the expression of estrogen target genes, increasing the secretion of IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). On the other hand, excessive glucocorticoids interfere the canonical BMP pathway and inhibit Wnt protein production, causing mesenchymal progenitor cells to differentiate toward adipocytes rather than osteoblasts. It can also increase RANKL/OPG ratio to promote bone resorption by enhancing the maturation and activation of osteoclast. Moreover, excess glucocorticoids are associated with osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis, resulting in declined bone formation. The main focuses of treatment for EDOP and GIOP are somewhat different. Avoiding excessive glucocorticoid use is mandatory in patients with GIOP. In contrast, appropriate estrogen supplement is deemed the primary treatment for females with EDOP of various causes. Other pharmacological treatments include bisphosphonate, teriparatide, and RANKL inhibitors. Nevertheless, more detailed actions of EDOP and GIOP along with the safety and effectiveness of medications for treating osteoporosis warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Han Cheng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (L.-R.C.)
| | - Li-Ru Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (L.-R.C.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 231, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-66289779
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Man K, Brunet MY, Fernandez‐Rhodes M, Williams S, Heaney LM, Gethings LA, Federici A, Davies OG, Hoey D, Cox SC. Epigenetic reprogramming enhances the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles to promote human bone marrow stem cell osteogenic differentiation. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12118. [PMID: 34262674 PMCID: PMC8263905 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging in tissue engineering as promising acellular tools, circumventing many of the limitations associated with cell-based therapies. Epigenetic regulation through histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown to increase differentiation capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of augmenting osteoblast epigenetic functionality using the HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of osteoblast-derived EVs for bone regeneration. TSA was found to substantially alter osteoblast epigenetic function through reduced HDAC activity and increased histone acetylation. Treatment with TSA also significantly enhanced osteoblast alkaline phosphatase activity (1.35-fold), collagen production (2.8-fold) and calcium deposition (1.55-fold) during osteogenic culture (P ≤ 0.001). EVs derived from TSA-treated osteoblasts (TSA-EVs) exhibited reduced particle size (1-05-fold) (P > 0.05), concentration (1.4-fold) (P > 0.05) and protein content (1.16-fold) (P ≤ 0.001) when compared to untreated EVs. TSA-EVs significantly enhanced the proliferation (1.13-fold) and migration (1.3-fold) of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) when compared to untreated EVs (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, TSA-EVs upregulated hBMSCs osteoblast-related gene and protein expression (ALP, Col1a, BSP1 and OCN) when compared to cells cultured with untreated EVs. Importantly, TSA-EVs elicited a time-dose dependent increase in hBMSCs extracellular matrix mineralisation. MicroRNA profiling revealed a set of differentially expressed microRNAs from TSA-EVs, which were osteogenic-related. Target prediction demonstrated these microRNAs were involved in regulating pathways such as 'endocytosis' and 'Wnt signalling pathway'. Moreover, proteomics analysis identified the enrichment of proteins involved in transcriptional regulation within TSA-EVs. Taken together, our findings suggest that altering osteoblasts' epigenome accelerates their mineralisation and promotes the osteoinductive potency of secreted EVs partly due to the delivery of pro-osteogenic microRNAs and transcriptional regulating proteins. As such, for the first time we demonstrate the potential to harness epigenetic regulation as a novel engineering approach to enhance EVs therapeutic efficacy for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | | | | | - Soraya Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Liam M. Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Lee A. Gethings
- Waters CorporationStamford AvenueWilmslowUK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory MedicineFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Angelica Federici
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity CollegeTrinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringDublinIreland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTrinity College DublinIreland
- Trinity College Dublin & RCSIAdvanced Materials and Bioengineering Research CentreDublinIreland
| | - Owen G. Davies
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - David Hoey
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity CollegeTrinity Centre for Biomedical EngineeringDublinIreland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing, and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTrinity College DublinIreland
- Trinity College Dublin & RCSIAdvanced Materials and Bioengineering Research CentreDublinIreland
| | - Sophie C. Cox
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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Buxbaum NP, Robinson C, Sinaii N, Ling A, Curtis LM, Pavletic SZ, Baird K, Lodish MB. Impaired Bone Mineral Density in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:1415-1423. [PMID: 29496562 PMCID: PMC6045967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) recipients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) are at high risk for endocrinopathies, particularly impaired bone mineral density (BMD). However, rates of BMD impairment in pediatric AHSCT recipients with cGVHD have not been well documented. We report 33 patients with cGVHD who were referred to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for the Natural History of Clinical and Biological Factors Determining Outcomes in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Study (NCT 0092235) and underwent formal BMD assessment via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Not surprisingly, we found much higher rates of BMD impairment than previously reported for pediatric AHSCT recipients who were not stratified by the presence or absence of cGVHD. Most of these patients (73%) had a z-score ≤-2 in at least 1 anatomic site. Although we expected the rate to be higher than that observed for pediatric AHSCT recipients in studies that did not analyze patients with cGVHD separately, this rate is nonetheless extremely high. Furthermore, the overall rate of occult vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) in our cohort was 17%, and the rate was 23% in patients with at least 1 z-score of ≤-2. The rates of BMD impairment and VCF in our pediatric cohort were significantly higher than those seen in the adult AHSCT recipients who were concurrently enrolled on the same study at the NIH and had similar cGVHD severity. We found that older age at cGVHD diagnosis and a greater number of systemic therapies were associated with occult VCF. Moreover, the intensity of current immunosuppression negatively impacted lumbar spine and total hip BMD in this cohort. Our study, although limited by small patient numbers and lack of a control AHSCT recipient group without cGVHD, indicates that children with cGVHD are at a greater risk for BMD impairment than previously appreciated. Given the rising incidence of cGVHD in AHSCT recipients and our findings, we recommend that pre-AHSCT DEXA be incorporated into routine pediatric pretransplantation screening studies. A baseline DEXA study could facilitate longitudinal monitoring of BMD in children, who may be more susceptible than adults to the negative effects of AHSCT on BMD. In addition, given the high risk of BMD impairment in pediatric AHSCT recipients with cGVHD, such patients should undergo BMD evaluation upon developing cGVHD, with continued monitoring thereafter to allow intervention before progression of the BMD impairment to its severe manifestation, VCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya P Buxbaum
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Cemre Robinson
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Skeletal Clinical Studies Unit, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ninet Sinaii
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Service, Warren Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander Ling
- Diagnostic Radiology Department, Warren Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lauren M Curtis
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven Z Pavletic
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kristin Baird
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Division of Clinical Evaluation, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Maya B Lodish
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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5
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Liu W, Zhao Z, Na Y, Meng C, Wang J, Bai R. Dexamethasone-induced production of reactive oxygen species promotes apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2028-2036. [PMID: 29393368 PMCID: PMC5810234 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis of osteoblasts, triggered by prolonged or excessive use of glucocorticoids (GCs), has been identified as a dominant contributor to the development of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GC‑induced apoptosis are multifaceted and remain to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the correlation between dexamethasone (DEX)‑induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy and apoptosis in MC3T3‑E1 osteoblast‑like cells. Cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, and flow cytometry was performed to assess cellular apoptosis, cell cycle and ROS production. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis were respectively used to detect autophagic vacuoles and the expression of proteins, including cyclin D kinase (CDK)2, poly[ADP ribose] polymerase, caspase‑3, activating transcription factor (ATF)4, CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), Beclin1, microtubule‑associated proteins 1A/1B light chain (LC)3B and P62. It was revealed that DEX not only reduced cell viability, but also promoted apoptosis via the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, DEX induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via inhibition of the expression of CDK2, and the production of ROS was activated. Of note, the DEX‑mediated changes in viability and apoptosis were attenuated in MC3T3‑E1 cells after treatment with 3‑methyladenine, which is an autophagy inhibitor. Treatment with the antioxidant N‑acetylcysteine abolished the effect of DEX on the proliferation, apoptosis, ER stress and autophagy of MC3T3‑E1 cells. In conclusion, the present results indicated that DEX promoted the production of ROS, which enhanced apoptosis through activation of autophagy and ER stress in MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuyan Na
- Departments of Pediatric Orthopedics
| | | | - Jianzhong Wang
- Orthopedics and Trauma, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, P.R. China
| | - Rui Bai
- Departments of Pediatric Orthopedics
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6
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Zhao M, Li P, Xu H, Pan Q, Zeng R, Ma X, Li Z, Lin H. Dexamethasone-Activated MSCs Release MVs for Stimulating Osteogenic Response. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7231739. [PMID: 29760734 PMCID: PMC5926524 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7231739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular microvesicles (MVs) are attracting much attention because they are found to be the key paracrine mediator participating in tissue regeneration. Dexamethasone (DXM) is widely accepted as an important regulator in tailoring the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the effect of DXM on the paracrine signaling of MSCs remains unknown. To this point, we aimed to explore the role of DXM in regulating the paracrine activity of MSCs through evaluating the release and function of MSC-MVs, based on their physicochemical characteristics and support on osteogenic response. Results showed that DXM had no evident impact on the release of MSC-MVs but played a pivotal role in regulating the function of MSC-MVs. MVs obtained from the DXM-stimulated MSCs (DXM-MVs) increased MC3T3 cell proliferation and migration and upregulated Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteopontin (OPN) expression. The repair efficiency of DXM-MVs for femur defects was further investigated in an established rat model. It was found that DXM-MVs accelerated the healing process of bone formation in the defect area. Thus, we conclude that using DXM as stimuli to obtain functional MSCs-MVs could become a valuable tool for promoting bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Zhao
- 1Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Peng Li
- 1Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Haijia Xu
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qunwen Pan
- 3Department of Surgery, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- 4Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xiaotang Ma
- 3Department of Surgery, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Zhanghua Li
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hao Lin
- 4Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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Migita K, Iwanaga N, Imadachi S, Jiuchi Y, Izumi Y, Tsuji Y, Kawahara C, Kawakami A, Furukawa H, Tohma S. Incidence of Symptomatic Vertebral Fractures Among Newly Diagnosed Autoimmune Diseases Initiating Glucocorticoid Therapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e875. [PMID: 26166127 PMCID: PMC4504604 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Few data are available regarding vertebral fracture risk in patients treated with corticosteroids including patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for symptomatic vertebral fracture analyzed in patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune diseases.This was an observational cohort study conducted in the National Hospital Organization-EBM study group from 2006 to 2008. The study subjects were autoimmune disease patients who were newly treated with glucocorticoids (GCs). The primary endpoint was the first occurrence of vertebral fracture diagnosed by x-rays. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to determine independent risk factors for vertebral fracture with covariates including sex, age, comorbidity, laboratory data, use of immunosuppressants, and dose of GCs. Survival was analyzed according to the Kaplan-Meier method and assessed by the log-rank test.Among 604 patients of mean age 59.5 years and mean GC dose 50.4 mg/d (first 1 months), 19 patient (3.1%) had at least 1 symptomatic vertebral fracture during 1.9 years of follow-up period. Cox regression model demonstrated that the relative risk for symptomatic vertebral fracture was independently higher in patient with ILD (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-7.42, P = 0.031) and in every 10-year increment of the age of disease onset (HR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.09-2.26, P = 0.015). Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated that the incidence of vertebral fractures in patients with ILD was significantly higher in comparison with those without ILD.Our results indicate a higher risk of vertebral facture in patients with ILD and elderly patients during the initial GC treatment against autoimmune diseases. There is a need for further, even longer-term, prospective studies subjected patients with autoimmune disease, including ILD, under GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Migita
- From the Department of General Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Nagasaki (KM, NI, SI, YJ, Yi, YT, CK); Japanese National Hospital Organization (NHO)-EBM Study Group for Adverse Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy (J-NHOSAC), Hikarigaoka, Meguro, Tokyo (KM); Department of Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki (AK); and Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan (HF, ST)
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8
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Liu YC, Kao YT, Huang WK, Lin KY, Wu SC, Hsu SC, Schuyler SC, Li LY, Leigh Lu F, Lu J. CCL5/RANTES is important for inducing osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells and is regulated by dexamethasone. Biosci Trends 2015; 8:138-43. [PMID: 25030847 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2014.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examine the effect of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)/Regulated on Activation Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES), a pro-inflammatory cytokine on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We found CCL5 expression was increased during osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and CCL5 expression is dependent on the presence of dexamethasone. Knocking down endogenous CCL5 expression blocked osteogenesis, as revealed by decreasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and a reduction in the expression levels of ALP, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and osteopontin (OPN). Of note, the overexpression of CCL5 was sufficient to increase ALP expression and activity. Moreover, the down-regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1 (CCR1), one of the CCL5 receptors, significantly decreased the osteogenesis of hMSCs. Interestingly, the down-regulation of CCR1, but not CCL5, was sufficient to affect the cell numbers during the process of osteogenesis. Our findings reveal that both CCL5 and CCR1 are required for osteogenesis of human MSCs, CCL5 is sufficient for the osteogenesis, and provide a novel link between dexamethasone and CCL5 in human osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center
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Dexamethasone induces osteogenesis via regulation of hedgehog signalling molecules in rat mesenchymal stem cells. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2013; 37:1399-404. [PMID: 23645083 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-013-1902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hedgehog signalling plays an important role during the development of tissues and organs, including bone and limb. Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic and widely used glucocorticoid, affects osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), while the signalling pathway by which DEX affects osteoblast differentiation remains obscure. This study aimed to investigate expressions of hedgehog signalling molecules Shh, Ihh and Gli1 during DEX-induced osteogenesis of rat MSCs in vitro. METHODS DEX promoted osteoblast differentiation of MSCs at 10(-8) mol/L from seven days to 21 days, demonstrated by enhancing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteoblast-associated marker type I collagen expression during osteoblastic differentiation. Gene and protein expressions of hedgehog signalling molecules, Shh, Ihh and Gli1 were tested by RT-PCR and western blot analysis during osteoblast differentiation. RESULTS Shh expression was increased compared to the control while Ihh and Gli1 expressions were decreased on both mRNA and protein level during DEX-induced osteoblast differentiation of MSCs from seven days to 21 days. Altogether, these data demonstrate that DEX can enhance Shh expression via a Gli1-independent mechanism during osteoblast differentiation of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that different patterns of hedgehog signalling are involved in DEX-induced osteogenesis and these findings provide insights into the mechanistic link between glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis and hedgehog signalling pathway.
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Rass IT. Blood content of tyrosine is an index of glucocorticoid action on metabolism. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2010; 75:353-66. [PMID: 20370614 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297910030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid hormones directly or indirectly control virtually all metabolic and physiological processes. Glucocorticoids are also shown to act on a multitude of genes, enzyme systems, and proinflammatory factors, but for these hormones there is no representative index of action on metabolism similar to glucose content in blood for insulin. The absence of such an index prevents the assessment of tissue provision with these hormones under various conditions and seems to be an essential cause of complications associated with the clinical use of glucocorticoid preparations. Considering specific features of tyrosine metabolism and data obtained experimentally and on a clinical model (adrenalectomy in rats and substitution therapy in endocrine disease), blood content of this amino acid seems promising as such an index. Based on comparing results of glucocorticoid treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with changes in their blood tyrosine contents, the pharmacological effect of glucocorticoid preparations is suggested to be mainly due to compensating a relative shortage of these hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Rass
- Center of Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Hoff M, Boyesen P, Haugeberg G, Vis M, Woolf AD, Havaardsholm EA, Dijkmans BAC, Kvien TK, Uhlig T, Lems WF. High disease activity is a predictor of cortical hand bone loss in post-menopausal patients with established rheumatoid arthritis: a 5-year multicentre longitudinal study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:1676-82. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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12
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Bitto A, Burnett BP, Polito F, Levy RM, Marini H, Di Stefano V, Irrera N, Armbruster MA, Minutoli L, Altavilla D, Squadrito F. Genistein aglycone reverses glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and increases bone breaking strength in rats: a comparative study with alendronate. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:1287-95. [PMID: 19302595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00100.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is the leading cause of secondary osteoporosis. Clinical evidence suggests a role for genistein aglycone in the treatment of post-menopausal osteopenia although proof of efficacy in comparison with currently available treatments is still lacking. To clarify this issue, we investigated the effects of genistein on bone compared with alendronate in experimental GIO. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A total of 28 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. GIO was induced by daily injections of methylprednisolone (MP; 30 mg x kg(-1) s.c.) for 60 days. Sham GIO animals (Sham-MP) were injected daily with the MP vehicle. At the end of the osteoporosis development period, MP rats were randomized to receive: vehicle (n= 7), genistein aglycone (5 mg x kg(-1) s.c.; n= 7) or alendronate (0.03 mg x kg(-1) s.c.; n= 7). Treatment lasted 60 days. Sham-MP animals were treated with vehicle for an additional 60 days. At the beginning and at the end of treatments, animals were examined for bone mineral density and bone mineral content. Bone-alkaline phosphatase and carboxy-terminal collagen cross links were determined; femurs were removed and tested for breaking strength and histology. KEY RESULTS Genistein aglycone showed a greater increase in bone mineral density, bone mineral content and in breaking strength than alendronate and significantly increased bone-alkaline phosphatase (bone formation marker), reduced carboxy-terminal collagen cross links (bone resorption marker), compared with alendronate. Both treatments improved bone histology and the histological score. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The results strongly suggest that the genistein aglycone might be an alternative therapy for the management of secondary osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Biserni A, Giannessi F, Sciarroni AF, Milazzo FM, Maggi A, Ciana P. In Vivo Imaging Reveals Selective Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Modulator Activity of the Synthetic Ligand 3-(1-(4-Chlorobenzyl)-3-t-butylthio-5-isopropylindol-2-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid (MK-886). Mol Pharmacol 2008; 73:1434-43. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.042689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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