1
|
Mayer E, Lendhey M, Kelley B, Shi B, Upfill-Brown A, Devana SK, Brodke D, Shah A, Sekimura T, Gudapati V, Zukotynski B, Park J, Witt AR, Marciante M, Mahoney JM, Bucklen BS, Lee C. The Effects of Unitizing Nail-Plate Constructs in Distal Femur Fractures: A Biomechanical Study. J Orthop Trauma 2024; 38:435-440. [PMID: 39007660 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the biomechanical differences between linked and unlinked constructs in young and osteoporotic cadavers in addition to osteoporotic sawbones. METHODS Intraarticular distal femur fractures with comminuted metaphyseal regions were created in three young matched pair cadavers, three osteoporotic matched pair cadavers, and six osteoporotic sawbones. Precontoured distal femur locking plates were placed in addition to a standardized retrograde nail, with unitized constructs having one 4.5 mm locking screw placed distally through the nail. Nonunitized constructs had seven 4.5 mm locking screws placed through the plate around the nail, with one 5 mm distal interlock placed through the nail alone. Cadaveric specimens were subjected to axial fatigue loads between 150 and 1500 N (R Ratio = 10) with 1 Hx frequency for 10,000 cycles. Sawbones were axially loaded at 50% of the ultimate load for fatigue testing to achieve runout, with testing performed with 30 and 300 N (R Ratio = 10) loads with 1 Hz frequency for 10,000 cycles. RESULTS In young cadavers, there was no difference in the mean cyclic displacement of the unitized constructs (1.51 ± 0.62mm) compared to the non-unitized constructs (1.34 ± 0.47mm) (Figure 4A), (p = 0.722). In osteoporotic cadavers, there was no difference in the mean cyclic displacement of the unitized constructs (2.46 ± 0.47mm) compared to the non-unitized constructs (2.91 ± 1.49mm) (p =0.639). There was statistically no significant difference in cyclic displacement between the unitized and non-unitized groups in osteoporotic sawbones(p = 0.181). CONCLUSIONS Linked constructs did not demonstrate increased axial stiffness or decreased cyclical displacement in comparison to unlinked constructs in young cadaveric specimens, osteoporotic cadaveric specimens, or osteoporotic sawbones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Mayer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Matin Lendhey
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, A Division of Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA
| | - Benjamin Kelley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Brendan Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Alexander Upfill-Brown
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Sai K Devana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Dane Brodke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Akash Shah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Troy Sekimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Varun Gudapati
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Brian Zukotynski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Jeannie Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| | - Amber R Witt
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, A Division of Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA
| | - Mara Marciante
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, A Division of Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA
| | - Jonathan M Mahoney
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, A Division of Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA
| | - Brandon S Bucklen
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, A Division of Globus Medical, Inc., Audubon, PA
| | - Christopher Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; and
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dunbar RP, Cooke M, Tornetta P, Born CT, Collinge C, Egol KA, Ertl JP, Friess DM, Humphrey CA, Jones CB, Mullis BH, Ostrum RF, Perez E, Phieffer L, Ricci WM, Sagi HC, Schmidt AH, Sems A, Siegel J, Teague DC, Zonno A. The effect of coronal plane angulation on patient reported outcome measures of operatively treated distal femur fractures: A multi-center prospective evaluation. Injury 2024; 55:111597. [PMID: 38878381 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this trial was to determine whether coronal plane angulation affects functional and clinical outcomes after the fixation of distal femur fractures. DESIGN Multicenter, randomized controlled trial SETTING: 20 academic trauma centers PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: 156 patients with distal femur fractures were enrolled. 123 patients were followed 12 months. There was clinical outcome data available for 105 patients at 3 months, 95 patients at 6 months and 81 patients at one year. INTERVENTION Lateral locked plating or retrograde intramedullary nailing MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Radiographic alignment, functional scoring including SMFA, Bother Index, and EQ-5D. Clinical scoring of walking ability, need for ambulatory support and ability to manage stairs. RESULTS At 3 months, there was no difference between groups (varus, neutral or valgus) with respect to any of the clinical functional outcome scores measured. At 6 months, compared to those with neutral alignment, patients with varus angulation had a worse Stair Climbing score (4.33 vs. 2.91, p = 0.05). At 12 months, the average patient with neutral or valgus alignment needed less ambulatory support than the average patient in varus. Walking distance ability was no different between the groups at any time point. With respect to the validated patient-based outcome scores, we found no statistical difference in in the SMFA, Bother, or EQ-5D between patients with valgus or varus mal-alignment and those with neutral alignment at any time point (p > 0.05). Regardless of coronal angulation, the SMFA trended towards lower (improved) scores over time, while EQ-5D scores for patients with varus angulation did not improve over time. CONCLUSIONS Valgus angulation and neutral angulation may be better tolerated in terms of clinical outcomes like stair climbing and need for ambulatory support than varus angulation, though patient reported outcome measures like the SMFA, Bother Index and EQ-5D show no statistical significance. Most patients with distal femur fractures tend to improve during the first year after injury but many remain significantly affected at 12 months post injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R P Dunbar
- Harborview Medical Center/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - M Cooke
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - P Tornetta
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C T Born
- Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - C Collinge
- Orthopaedic Specialty Associates, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - K A Egol
- New York University/Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA
| | - J P Ertl
- Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D M Friess
- Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C A Humphrey
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - C B Jones
- Creighton University Medical, Dignity Health Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - B H Mullis
- Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R F Ostrum
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - E Perez
- The Campbell Clinic, Nashville TN, USA
| | - L Phieffer
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W M Ricci
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - H C Sagi
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A H Schmidt
- Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A Sems
- Mayo Clinic Hospital, St. Mary's Campus, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Siegel
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D C Teague
- University of Oklahoma Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - A Zonno
- Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi BY, Zukotynski BK, Upfill-Brown A, Brodke DJ, Kelley BV, Devana SK, Mayer EN, Shah AA, Lee C. Fracture Lines and Patterns in Intra-articular Distal Femur Fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2024:00124635-990000000-01052. [PMID: 39029448 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-23-01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Distal femur fractures are complex injuries that often present with multiple fragments, posing notable challenges to fixation. This study aimed to (1) use preoperative CT scans to graphically display fracture lines in intra-articular distal femur fractures and (2) identify common fracture patterns in these injuries. METHODS All skeletally mature patients that underwent surgical fixation of Orthopaedic Trauma Association type 33C distal femur fractures between 2012 and 2022 were identified across two level 1 trauma centers (n = 63). Preoperative axial, sagittal, and coronal computed tomography scans were obtained. Fracture lines in each plane were traced out and superimposed on standardized distal femur cross-sections, generating a fracture map for each plane. Injury and fracture characteristics were summarized and compared between fracture patterns. RESULTS On axial scans, 59 of 63 fractures contained a central intercondylar split from the intercondylar notch to the trochlea. On coronal scans, fracture lines originated at the notch and exited laterally and medially in the supracondylar region, creating a Y-shape. One-third of all fractures contained coronal fracture lines, with most involving the lateral condyle. Based on fracture line orientation and location, fractures were divided into four main fracture pattern types. Type 4 fractures (central split and medial coronal fracture line) were associated with lower average medial fracture height and a lower rate of medial metaphyseal comminution. DISCUSSION We found that C-type distal femur fractures can present with four main fracture patterns. Most fractures contain a central sagittal intercondylar split, and a high proportion of fractures contain either medial or lateral coronal fracture lines. Fracture pattern was associated with mechanism of injury, presence of medial comminution, and medial fracture line height. Future studies should focus on clinical outcomes and surgical management of these distinct fracture patterns. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Y Shi
- From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fairres MJ, Brodke D, O'Hara N, Devana S, Hernandez A, Burke C, Gupta J, McKibben N, O'Toole R, Morellato J, Gillon H, Walters M, Barber C, Perdue P, Dekeyser G, Steffenson L, Marchand L, Black L, Working Z, Roddy E, Naga AE, Hogue M, Gulbrandsen T, Atassi O, Mitchell T, Shymon S, Lee C. Risk Factors of Failure in 228 Periprosthetic Distal Femur Fractures: A Multicenter Study. J Orthop Trauma 2024; 38:273-278. [PMID: 38285064 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors of reoperation to promote union or to address deep surgical-site infection (DSSI) in periprosthetic distal femur fractures treated with lateral distal femoral locking plates (LDFLPs). METHODS DESIGN Multicenter retrospective cohort study. SETTING Ten level-I trauma centers. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA Patients with Orthopaedic Trauma Association/Association of Osteosynthesis (OTA/AO) 33A or 33C periprosthetic distal femur fractures who underwent surgical fixation between January 2012 and December 2019 exclusively using LDFLPs were eligible for inclusion. Patients with pathologic fractures or with follow-up less than 3 months without an outcome event (unplanned reoperation to promote union or for deep surgical infection) before this time point were excluded. Fracture fixation constructs used medial plates, intramedullary nails, or hybrid fixation constructs were excluded from analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS To examine the influence of patient demographics, injury characteristics, and features of the fracture fixation construct on the occurrence of unplanned reoperation to promote union or to address a DSSI. RESULTS There was an 8.3% rate (19/228) of unplanned reoperation to promote union. Predictive factors for the need for reoperation to promote union included increasing body mass index (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.16; P = 0.01), increasing number of screws in the distal fracture segment (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.06-2.95; P = 0.03), and decreasing proportion of proximal segment screws that are locking (OR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.03-0.70; P = 0.02) There was a 4.8% rate (11/228) of reoperation to address DSSI. There were no statistically significant predictive factors identified as risk factors of the need for reoperation to address DSSI ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS 8.3% of periprosthetic distal femur fractures treated at 10 centers with LDFLPs underwent unplanned reoperation to promote union. Increasing patient body mass index and increasing number of screws in the distal fracture segment were found to be predictive factors, whereas increased locking screws in the proximal segment were found to be protective. 4.8% of patients in this cohort underwent reoperation to address DSSI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathan O'Hara
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sai Devana
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Cynthia Burke
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jayesh Gupta
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Natasha McKibben
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert O'Toole
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Perdue
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | | | | | | | - Loren Black
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thorne TJ, DeKeyser GJ, Clapp I, Haller JM. Risk of reverse golf club deformity with medial plating of distal femur fracture. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2024; 144:1211-1220. [PMID: 38265463 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-05173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study described a deformity induced by medial plating of supracondylar distal femur fractures using plates that are precontoured for other anatomic locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS OTA/AO 33A fractures were created in 12 sawbone femurs and fixed with either a proximal humerus locking plate (PH), an ipsilateral lateral tibial plateau plate (LTP), or an ipsilateral medial distal tibial plate (MDT). A motion capture system measured changes in length and rotation of the distal femur as the plate was applied. Each plate underwent four trials and the mean and standard deviation (SD) for each measurement was reported. An analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test compared malreduction measures between plate types. RESULTS All plates consistently created a varus deformity. There was lateral lengthening with a compensatory medial shortening and an increase in the lateral distal femoral angle. The distal fracture fragment was laterally translated, and internally rotated. The PH plate had significantly greater lateral length (27.39 mm SD 4.78, p = 0.007), shorter medial length (13.57 mm SD 4.99, p = 0.028), greater lateral translation (28.82 mm SD 5.70, p = 0.010) and greater widening of the lateral distal femoral angle (28.54° SD 4.98, p < 0.001) than the LTP and MDT plates. The MDT plate had significantly greater angulation anteriorly (8.40° SD 1.07, p < 0.001) and laterally (7.63° SD 3.10, p = 0.002) than the PH and LTP plates. There was no significant difference between plates in internal rotation (PH: 3.07° SD 2.79; LTP: 2.05° SD 1.05; MDT 3.81° SD 3.56; p = 0.659). CONCLUSION When dual plating supracondylar distal femur fractures, poor plate positioning and a mismatch between plate contour and the slope of the medial distal femur can lead to varus angulation, internal rotation, and lateral translation or a "reverse golf club deformity". After comparing three types of precontoured plates, the authors recommend initial evaluation of the ipsilateral proximal tibial plate when placing a plate along the medial distal femur. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Thorne
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | | | - Ian Clapp
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Justin M Haller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stockton DJ, O'Hara NN, Brodke DJ, McKibben N, Healey K, Goch A, Demyanovich H, Devana S, Hernandez A, Burke CE, Gupta J, Marchand LS, Dekeyser GJ, Steffenson L, Shymon SJ, Fairres MJ, Perdue PW, Barber C, Atassi OH, Mitchell TW, Working ZM, Black LO, El Naga AN, Roddy E, Hogue M, Gulbrandsen T, Morellato J, Gillon WH, Walters MM, Hempen E, Slobogean GP, Lee C, O'Toole RV. Technical Factors Contributing to Nonunion in Supracondylar Distal Femur Fractures Treated With Lateral Locked Plating: A Risk-Stratified Analysis. J Orthop Trauma 2024; 38:49-55. [PMID: 37559208 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000002680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify technical factors associated with nonunion after operative treatment with lateral locked plating. METHODS DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Ten Level I trauma centers. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA Adult patients with supracondylar distal femur fractures (OTA/AO type 33A or C) treated with lateral locked plating from 2010 through 2019. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS Surgery for nonunion stratified by risk for nonunion. RESULTS The cohort included 615 patients with supracondylar distal femur fractures. The median patient age was 61 years old (interquartile range: 46 -72years) and 375 (61%) were female. Observed were nonunion rates of 2% in a low risk of nonunion group (n = 129), 4% in a medium-risk group (n = 333), and 14% in a high-risk group (n = 153). Varus malreduction with an anatomic lateral distal femoral angle greater than 84 degrees, was associated with double the odds of nonunion compared to those without such varus [odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-4.2; P = 0.03]. Malreduction by medial translation of the articular block increased the odds of nonunion, with 30% increased odds per 4 mm of medial translation (95% CI, 1.0-1.6; P = 0.03). Working length increased the odds of nonunion in the medium risk group, with an 18% increase in nonunion per 10-mm increase in working length (95% CI, 1.0-1.4; P = 0.01). Increased proximal screw density was protective against nonunion (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.92; P = 0.02) but yielded lower mRUST scores with each 0.1 increase in screw density associated with a 0.4-point lower mRUST (95% CI, -0.55 to -0.15; P < 0.001). Lateral plate length and type of plate material were not associated with nonunion. ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Malreduction is a surgeon-controlled variable associated with nonunion after lateral locked plating of supracondylar distal femur fractures. Longer working lengths were associated with nonunion, suggesting that bridge plating may be less likely to succeed for longer fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Stockton
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nathan N O'Hara
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dane J Brodke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Natasha McKibben
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kathleen Healey
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Abraham Goch
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Haley Demyanovich
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sai Devana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Adolfo Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cynthia E Burke
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jayesh Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lucas S Marchand
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Graham J Dekeyser
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Lillia Steffenson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Stephen J Shymon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Marshall J Fairres
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Paul W Perdue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Colby Barber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Omar H Atassi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Thomas W Mitchell
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Zachary M Working
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Loren O Black
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ashraf N El Naga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Erika Roddy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Matthew Hogue
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
| | - Trevor Gulbrandsen
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
| | - John Morellato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Mississippi Medical, Center, Jackson, MS
| | - W Hunter Gillon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Mississippi Medical, Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Murphy M Walters
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Mississippi Medical, Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Eric Hempen
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gerard P Slobogean
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christopher Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Robert V O'Toole
- Department of Orthopaedics, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Espey R, Stevenson L, Tucker A. Combined nail-plate constructs in the management of osteoporotic native distal femoral fractures: a systematic review of the available evidence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2023; 33:3215-3223. [PMID: 37106139 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Distal femoral fractures account for 4-6% of fragility fractures. These may be managed using a combined nail-plate construct (NPC). The use of NPCs is gaining traction. Whilst several theoretical advantages exist, there is little evidence reporting on binary or patient-reported outcomes. The aim of the current study was to perform a systematic review of the available literature pertaining to NPCs and their treatment of native distal femoral fractures, appraising the outcomes and focusing on the rationale for their increasing uptake in recent literature. METHODS A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Clinical Key, PubMed and Cochrane library was performed from date of inception up to in August 9, 2022. All study languages were included initially. A further Google Scholar search review was performed to identify any other studies not identified in the database interrogation. Studies were eligible if they reported on the use of nail-plate constructs in managing distal femoral fractures. Any outcome metric was permitted. The study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Methodological Index for non-randomised Studies tool. Quantitative analysis was performed using a log odds ratio random effects model. The Knapp-Hartung adjustment was utilised if the total number of included studies was < 5. Study effect sizes and appropriate plots were constructed to illustrate the outcomes data. RESULTS A total of four studies were eligible for inclusion. Study data was extracted and summarised with their relevant outcomes presented. The literature review demonstrated that the use of NPCs led to significantly earlier full weight bearing (p < 0.001) and had reduced non-union rates over a single construct, without affecting infection rates (12.5% vs. 5.6%; p = 0.289) and significantly lower implant failure rates (10.5% vs. 0%; p = 0.011). A meta-analysis is performed of available studies and Forrest plots presented. CONCLUSION The use of NPC in the management of native osteoporotic DFFs is gaining traction but the available evidence is of low grade with significant heterogeneity in small cohorts of patients. We suggest that a large-scale, multicentre prospective study should be performed, with agreed functional and radiological outcome metrics, to provide a more robust evidence base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Espey
- Musgrave Park Hospital, Stockmans Lane, Belfast, BT9 7JB, UK
| | - Lewis Stevenson
- Ulster Hospital Dundonald, Upper Newtownards Road, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - Adam Tucker
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|