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Shahbazi B, Mafakher L, Arab SS, Teimoori-Toolabi L. Kallistatin as an inhibitory protein against colorectal cancer cells through binding to LRP6. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:918-934. [PMID: 37114408 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2196704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Kallistatin (KL) is a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family regulating oxidative stress, vascular relaxation, inflammation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and invasion. The heparin-binding site of Kallistatin has an important role in the interaction with LRP6 leading to the blockade of the Wnt signaling pathway. In this study, we aimed to explore the structural basis of the Kallistatin-LRP6E1E4 complex using in silico approaches and evaluating the anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and cell cycle arrest activities of Kallistatin in colon cancer lines. The molecular docking showed Kallistatin could bind to the LRP6E3E4 much stronger than LRP6E1E2. The Kallistatin-LRP6E1E2 and Kallistatin-LRP6E3E4 complexes were stable during Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) showed that the Kallistatin-LRP6E3E4 has a higher binding affinity compared to Kallistatin-LRP6E1E2. Kallistatin induced higher cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HCT116 compared to the SW480 cell line. This protein-induced cell-cycle arrest in both cell lines at the G1 phase. The B-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc expression levels were decreased in response to treatment with Kallistatin in both cell lines while the LRP6 expression level was decreased in the HCT116 cell line. Kallistatin has a greater effect on the HCT116 cell line compared to the SW480 cell line. Kallistatin can be used as a cytotoxic and apoptotic-inducing agent in colorectal cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Shahbazi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Mafakher
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahriar Arab
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Khalili E, Afgar A, Rajabpour A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Jamialahmadi K, Teimoori-Toolabi L. MiR-548c-3p through suppressing Tyms and Abcg2 increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21775. [PMID: 38045156 PMCID: PMC10692789 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer, is one of most prevalent the cancer in the world. 5-Fluorouracil is a standard chemotherapeutic drug while the acquisition of resistance to 5-Fluorouracil is one of the problems during treatment. In this study, we aimed to find the miRNAs that modulate the expression of Tyms and Abcg2 as resistance-inducing genes in the resistant cell lines to 5-Fluorouracil. Methods 5-Fluorouracil-resistant HCT116 and SW480 cell lines were generated by consecutive treatment of cells with 5-Fluorouracil. This resistance induction was validated by MTT assays. The expression of the Tyms and Abcg2 gene and miR-548c-3p were studied by quantitative real-time PCR in the cell lines. Results We hypothesized that miR-548c-3p is targeting Tyms and Abcg2 simultaneously. Increased expression Tyms gene in the two most resistant cell lines derived from HCT116 and all resistant cell lines derived from SW480 except one were seen. Increased expression of Abcg2 was observed in the most resistant HCT116-derived cell line and all resistant cell lines, derived from SW480. In all resistant cell lines, the expression of miR-548c-3p was decreased. Conclusion It can be concluded downregulation of miR548c-3p is in line with Tyms and Abcg2 overexpression in resistant cell lines to 5-Fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khalili
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Rajabpour
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Iran
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The potential of PIK3CA, KRAS, BRAF, and APC hotspot mutations as a non-invasive detection method for colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 63:101807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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LEF1 silencing sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin, 5-FU, and irinotecan. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112091. [PMID: 34474344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer all around the world. Chemotherapy plays an essential role in the treatment of CRC while Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan, and 5 - fluorouracil (5-FU) are the most commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs. However, chemo-resistance is a major obstacle to successful therapy. It has been shown that inhibition of Wnt signaling pathway can sensitize the cells to chemotherapy. Lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF1) is a member of TCF/LEF transcription family mediating Wnt nuclear responses. The long isoform of LEF1 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells compared to the normal intestinal cells, in which expression of the short isoform is dominant. We found that the downregulation of long isoforms of LEF1 makes CRC cell lines more sensitive to the effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. This sensitivity is imposed by reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, or cell cycle arrest. Our results also demonstrated that there is a balance in the expression of long, and short isoforms of LEF1. In summary, we showed the role of LEF1 in chemo-resistance of colorectal cancer cells to Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan and 5-FU.
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Eupatilin Impacts on the Progression of Colon Cancer by Mitochondria Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060957. [PMID: 34203665 PMCID: PMC8232173 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer types. Some colon cancer cases resist standard anticancer drugs. Therefore, many studies have focused on developing therapeutic supplements using natural products with low side effects and broad physiological activity. Eupatilin is a flavonoid that is mainly extracted from artemisia and promotes apoptosis in numerous cancer types. However, since the current understanding of its physiological mechanisms on colon cancer cells is insufficient, we investigated how eupatilin affects the growth of two colon cancer cell lines, namely HCT116 and HT29. Our results showed that eupatilin inhibits cell viability and induces apoptosis accompanied by mitochondrial depolarization. It also induces oxidative stress in colon cancer cells and regulates the expression of proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagic process. Moreover, eupatilin may target the PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in colon cancer cells. It also prevents colon cancer cell invasion. Furthermore, eupatilin has a synergistic effect with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; a standard anticancer drug) on 5-FU-resistant HCT116 cells. These results suggest that eupatilin can be developed as an adjuvant to enhance traditional anticancer drugs in colon cancer.
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Sheikholeslami S, Azizi F, Ghasemi A, Alibakhshi A, Parsa H, Tavangar SM, Shivaee S, Zarif Yeganeh M, Hedayati M, Teimoori-Toolabi L. NOL4 is Downregulated and Hyper-Methylated in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Suggesting Its Role as a Tumor Suppressor Gene. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 18:e108510. [PMID: 33613681 PMCID: PMC7887463 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.108510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80% of all types of thyroid neoplasm. Epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation are known as the main cause of different types of cancers through inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. OBJECTIVES In the present study, the expression and methylation of suggested gene namely nucleolar protein 4 (NOL4) in PTC in comparison to multi nodular goiter (MNG) have been studied. METHODS Forty-one patients with PTC and 38 patients affected by MNG were recruited. Thyroid tissues were obtained during thyroidectomy. RNA and DNA were extracted from thyroid tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR assay was performed for determining the mRNA level of NOL4 while methylation-sensitive high resolution methylation was applied for assessing the methylation status with designing six pairs primers for six regions on gene promoter which were named from NOL4 (a) to NOL4 (f). RESULTS Methylation assessment of 81 CpG islands in the promoter region of NOL4 gene revealed that NOL4 (f), the nearest region to the start codon, was significantly hypermethylated in PTC cases compared to MNG cases. NOL4 level in PTC cases in comparison with MNG cases were downregulated. The methylation status and mRNA level of NOL4 (f) were associated with age of diagnosis (Age of the patient at the time of diagnosis), lymph node metastasis, and advanced stages of disease. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested an aberrant promoter hyper-methylation of NOL4 in PTC cases may be linked with its downregulation. Therefore, NOL4 gene can be proposed as a potential tumor suppressor gene in PTC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sheikholeslami
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Department of General Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Parsa
- Department of Surgery, Velayat Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Shivaee
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Zarif Yeganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Poorebrahim M, Sadeghi S, Ghanbarian M, Kalhor H, Mehrtash A, Teimoori-Toolabi L. Identification of candidate genes and miRNAs for sensitizing resistant colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:153-171. [PMID: 31781855 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance to irinotecan and oxaliplatin, two widely used chemotherapeutic, has become a common problem in cancerous patients. Despite numerous valuable studies, distinct molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of resistance to these anti-cancer drugs have remained a challenge. In this study, we studied the possible resistance mechanisms to irinotecan and oxaliplatin in three CRC cell lines (HCT116, HT29, and LoVo) via integration of microarray data with gene regulatory networks. After determination of hub genes, corresponding miRNAs were predicted using several databases and used in construction and subsequent analysis of miRNA-gene networks. Following to preparation of chemo-resistance CRC cells, a standard real-time PCR was conducted for validation of in silico findings. Topological and functional enrichment analyses of the resulted networks introduced several previously reported drug-resistance genes as well as novel biomarkers as hub genes which seem to be crucial in resistance of colon cancer cells to irinotecan and oxaliplatin. Furthermore, results of the functional annotation revealed the essential role of different signaling pathways like metabolic pathways in drug resistance of CRC cell lines to these drugs. A part of in silico findings was also validated in vitro using oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines. While FOXC1 and NFIC were upregulated in cell lines which were resistant to oxaliplatin, silencing FOXC1 decreased the resistance of SW480 cell line to oxaliplatin. In conclusion, our comparative in silico and in vitro study introduces several novel genes and miRNAs as the resistance-mediators which can be used for sensitizing resistant CRC cells to oxaliplatin and irinotecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Poorebrahim
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Sadeghi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghanbarian
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hourieh Kalhor
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Mehrtash
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Through oxaliplatin resistance induction in colorectal cancer cells, increasing ABCB1 level accompanies decreasing level of miR-302c-5p, miR-3664-5p and miR-129-5p. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1070-1080. [PMID: 30372807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin as a component of (Neo-) adjuvant chemotherapeutic regimens is administered to colorectal cancer patients. Unfortunately, the acquisition of resistance to this drug in nearly 90% of metastatic patients rendered it as an ineffective drug. Therefore, resistance mechanisms to this drug should be elucidated. There are different genes like GSTP1 and ABCB1 which are responsible for oxaliplatin resistance. We hypothesized that miR-129-5p, miR-302c-5p, miR-3664-5p, mir-3714 and miR-513a-3p are targeting ABCB1 gene, while GSTP1 was predicted to be the potential target of miR-3664-5p, mir-3714 and miR-513a-3p. In order to study this hypothesis, resistant colorectal cell lines were generated through intermittent exposure of HCT116, SW480 and HT29 to the increasing doses of oxaliplatin. MTT assays validated this resistance induction. Expression of ABCB1 and GSTP1 in addition to their targeting miRNAs in different cell lines were studied by quantitative real time PCR in the cell lines. Even though in comparison with HCT116 and SW480 cell lines, GSTP1 expression was reduced in resistant cells, ABCB1 expression was upregulated in these cell lines. On the other hand, HT-29 resistant cells showed elevated GSTP1 and unchanged ABCB1 levels. While miR-302c-5p level was downregulated in resistant cell lines, miR-129-5p and miR-3664-5p level showed different pattern of reduction in the resistant SW480 and HCT116 cell lines. GSTP1 level was correlated directly with miR-513a-3p and miR-3664-5p in all SW480 and HCT116 derived cell lines, however in HT-29-OXR1, GSTP1 level was correlated inversely with miR-3664-5p. In conclusion, upregulation of ABCB1 can be considered as the crucial component of poor response to oxaliplatin which is likely controlled by miR-302c-5p.
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Safari F, Rahmani Barouji S, Tamaddon AM. Strategies for Improving siRNA-Induced Gene Silencing Efficiency. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:603-609. [PMID: 29399550 PMCID: PMC5788215 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)
plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. Gene silencing of hTERT
by short interfering RNA (siRNA) is considered as a promising strategy for cancer gene
therapy. Various algorithms have been devised for designing a high efficient siRNA which
is a significant issue in the clinical usage. Thereby, in the present study, the relation
of siRNA designing criteria and the gene silencing efficiency was evaluated. Methods: The siRNA sequences were designed and
characterized by using on line soft wares. Cationic co-polymer (polyethylene
glycol-g-polyethylene imine (PEG-g-PEI)) was used for the construction of polyelectrolyte
complexes (PECs) containing siRNAs. The cellular uptake of the PECs was evaluated. The
gene silencing efficiency of different siRNA sequences was investigated and the effect of
observing the rational designing on the functionality of siRNAs was assessed. Results: The size of PEG-g-PEI siRNA with N/P
(Nitrogen/Phosphate) ratio of 2.5 was 114 ± 0.645 nm. The transfection efficiency of PECs
was desirable (95.5% ± 2.4%.). The results of Real-Time PCR showed that main sequence (MS)
reduced the hTERT expression up to 90% and control positive sequence (CPS) up to 63%.
These findings demonstrated that the accessibility to the target site has priority than
the other criteria such as sequence preferences and thermodynamic features. Conclusion: siRNA opens a hopeful window in cancer therapy
which provides a convenient and tolerable therapeutic approach. Thereby, using the set of
criteria and rational algorithms in the designing of siRNA remarkably affect the gene
silencing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Safari
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Rahmani Barouji
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Tamaddon
- Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Rajabpour A, Rajaei F, Teimoori-Toolabi L. Molecular alterations contributing to pancreatic cancer chemoresistance. Pancreatology 2016; 17:310-320. [PMID: 28065383 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death all over the world. This disease is difficult to treat and patients have an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Although two drugs, gemcitabine (GEM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) have been shown to improve the survival rate of patients systematically, they do not increase general survival to a clinically acceptable degree. Lack of ideal clinical response of pancreatic cancer patients to chemotherapy is likely to be due to intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance of tumor cells. Various mechanisms of drug resistance have been investigated in pancreatic cancer, including genetic and epigenetic changes in particular genes or signaling pathways. In addition, evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles as key regulators of gene expression in many cellular processes, including drug resistance. Understanding underlying genes and mechanisms of drug resistance in pancreatic cancer is critical to develop new effective treatments for this deadly disease. This review illustrates the genes and miRNAs involved in resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Rajabpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Afgar A, Fard-Esfahani P, Mehrtash A, Azadmanesh K, Khodarahmi F, Ghadir M, Teimoori-Toolabi L. MiR-339 and especially miR-766 reactivate the expression of tumor suppressor genes in colorectal cancer cell lines through DNA methyltransferase 3B gene inhibition. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:1126-1138. [PMID: 27668319 PMCID: PMC5137492 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1235657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is observed that upregulation of DNMT3B enzyme in some cancers, including colon cancer, could lead to silencing of tumor suppressor genes. MiR-339 and miR-766 have been predicted to target 3'UTR of DNMT3B gene. Luciferase reporter assay validated that individual and co-transfection of miR-766 and miR-339 into the HEK293T cell reduced luciferase activity to 26% ± 0.41%, 43% ± 0.42 and 64% ± 0.52%, respectively, compared to the control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, transduction of miR-339 and miR-766 expressing viruses into colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and HCT116) decreased DNMT3B expression (1.5, 3-fold) and (3, 4-fold), respectively. In addition, DNA methylation of some tumor suppressor genes decreased. Expression of these genes such as SFRP1 (2 and 1.6-fold), SFRP2 (0.07 and 4-fold), WIF1 (0.05 and 4-fold), and DKK2 (2 and 4-fold) increased in SW-339 and SW-766 cell lines; besides, expression increments for these genes in HCT-339 and HCT-766 cell lines were (2.8, 4-fold), (0.005, 1.5-fold), (1.7 and 3-fold) and (0.04, 1.7-fold), respectively. Also, while in SW-766, cell proliferation reduced to 2.8% and 21.7% after 24 and 48 hours, respectively, SW-339 showed no reduced proliferation. Meanwhile, HCT-766 and HCT-339 showed (3.5%, 12.8%) and (18.8%, 33.9%) reduced proliferation after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Finally, targeting DNMT3B by these miRs, decreased methylation of tumor suppressor genes such as SFRP1, SFRP2, WIF1 and DKK2 in the mentioned cell lines, and returned the expression of these tumor suppressor genes which can contribute to lethal effect on colon cancer cells and reducing tumorigenicity of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afgar
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Farnaz Khodarahmi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdis Ghadir
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Fakhr E, Zare F, Teimoori-Toolabi L. Precise and efficient siRNA design: a key point in competent gene silencing. Cancer Gene Ther 2016; 23:73-82. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Yousef AI, El-Masry OS, Abdel Mohsen MA. Impact of Cellular Genetic Make-up on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Response to Ellagic Acid: Implications of small interfering RNA. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:743-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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14
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Chen Z, Wang D, Gu C, Liu X, Pei W, Li J, Cao Y, Jiao Y, Tong J, Nie J. Down-regulation of let-7 microRNA increased K-ras expression in lung damage induced by radon. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:541-548. [PMID: 26318567 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Radon has long been recognized as a human carcinogen leading to lung cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Recent studies have shown that the let-7 microRNA and K-ras play an important role in the development of various cancers. However, the exact role between let-7 and K-ras in radon induced lung damage has not been explored so far. In the present study, wistar rats and human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells were long-term exposed to radon, and then alterations in histological pathology of rat lung tissue, ROS, antioxidant enzymes activities and clonogenic formation in HBE cells, as well as changes in let-7 and K-ras expression were determined to observe the adverse effects induced by radon. The results showed that long-term exposure to radon produced severe lung damage in rats, significantly increased ROS production and clonogenic formation ratios and decreased SOD activities in HBE cells. In addition, an obvious down-regulation of let-7 and up-regulation of K-ras were also revealed both in mRNA and in protein level in lung tissue of rats and HBE cells exposed to radon. Furthermore, a significant down-regulation of K-ras was then confirmed in both let-7b-3p and let-7a-2-3p transfected HBE cells. Taken together, the present results propose an involvement of let-7 microRNA and K-ras in radon induced lung damage both in vivo and in vitro, which may thus be of potential value in early diagnosis and therapy of radon-induced lung tumorgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weiwei Pei
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianxiang Li
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Tong
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jihua Nie
- Department of Toxicology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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15
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Shuhua W, Chenbo S, Yangyang L, Xiangqian G, Shuang H, Tangyue L, Dong T. Autophagy-related genes Raptor, Rictor, and Beclin1 expression and relationship with multidrug resistance in colorectal carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1752-9. [PMID: 26363527 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the expressions of autophagy-related genes Raptor, Rictor, and Beclin1 and the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR) gene in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the protein and messenger RNA expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Raptor, Rictor, Beclin1, light chain 3 (LC3), and MDR-1 in 279 CRC specimens. Patients were followed up annually by telephone or at an outpatient clinic. Results revealed that the protein and messenger RNA expressions of Beclin1, LC3, mTOR, Raptor, Rictor, and MDR-1 in CRC are significantly higher than in adjacent tissues. LC3 expression in poorly differentiated CRC is higher than that in well-differentiated CRC, and the expression of mTOR, Raptor, Rictor, and LC3 in lymph node metastasis is higher than that obtained in the absence of lymph node metastasis. The expression of LC3 is positively correlated with those of Beclin1 and Rictor and negatively correlated with Raptor and mTOR in CRC. The expression of Raptor is negatively correlated with Rictor. The expression of MDR-1 is positively correlated with those of Beclin1, LC3, and Rictor and negatively correlated with Raptor and mTOR. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 5-year survival rate of patients without lymph node metastasis; positive expression of Rictor, Beclin1, and LC3; and negative expression of Raptor and mTOR were higher than those with these characteristics. To conclude, the expressions of Beclin1, Raptor, and Rictor are related to the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma and MDR. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER 2014-009-01.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Shuhua
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603.
| | - Sun Chenbo
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603
| | - Li Yangyang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603
| | - Gao Xiangqian
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603
| | - He Shuang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603
| | - Li Tangyue
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603
| | - Tian Dong
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China 256603.
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